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Gohardasht Prison
Gohardasht Prison ( fa, زندان گوهردشت) is a prison in Gohardasht, a town in the northern outskirt of Karaj, approximately 20 km (12 miles) west of Tehran. Sometimes spelled Gohar Dasht Prison, it is also known as ''"Rajai Shahr"'', ''Rajaishahr'', ''Raja’i Shahr'', ''Reja’i Shahr'', ''Rajayi Shahr'', ''Rajaee Shahr'', ''Rajaei Shahr'' or ''"Rajaï Shahr Prison"'', etc. and sometimes as Karadj or Karaj prison (but Qezel Hesar prison is also near Karaj). In Google Maps it is listed as "Rajai-Shahr Prison, Karaj, Tehran, Iran". Political prisoners and prisoners of conscience tend to be sent to Ward 12 of Rajai Shahr. Rajai Shahr is regarded as one of Iran's harshest prisons because of its many reported cases of torture, rape and murder. IRGC has solitary confinement cells in Rajai Shahr Prison. In the immediate aftermath of the Islamic Revolution, there were many systematic executions and interrogation of former members of the overthrown monarchy, military. D ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2072
In contemporary history, the third millennium of the anno Domini or Common Era in the Gregorian calendar is the current millennium spanning the years 2001 to 3000 (21st to 30th centuries). Ongoing futures studies seek to understand what is likely to continue and what could plausibly change in the course of this period and beyond. Predictions and forecasts not included on this timeline * List of future astronomical events ** List of lunar eclipses in the 21st century ** List of solar eclipses in the 21st century * Projections of population growth * Climate change ** Representative Concentration Pathway ** Shared Socioeconomic Pathways * Extinction * List of dates predicted for apocalyptic events * Predictions and claims for the Second Coming * Near future in fiction * Works falling into the public domain in the United States 21st century 2000s * See: 2001 * 2002 * 2003 * 2004 * 2005 * 2006 * 2007 * 2008 * 2009 2010s * See: 2010 * 2011 * 2012 * 2013 * 201 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
European Parliament
The European Parliament (EP) is one of the legislative bodies of the European Union and one of its seven institutions. Together with the Council of the European Union (known as the Council and informally as the Council of Ministers), it adopts European legislation, following a proposal by the European Commission. The Parliament is composed of 705 members (MEPs). It represents the second-largest democratic electorate in the world (after the Parliament of India), with an electorate of 375 million eligible voters in 2009. Since 1979, the Parliament has been directly elected every five years by the citizens of the European Union through universal suffrage. Voter turnout in parliamentary elections decreased each time after 1979 until 2019, when voter turnout increased by eight percentage points, and rose above 50% for the first time since 1994. The voting age is 18 in all EU member states except for Malta and Austria, where it is 16, and Greece, where it is 17. Although the E ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prisons In Iran
A prison, also known as a jail, gaol (dated, standard English, Australian, and historically in Canada), penitentiary (American English and Canadian English), detention center (or detention centre outside the US), correction center, correctional facility, lock-up, hoosegow or remand center, is a facility in which inmates (or prisoners) are confined against their will and usually denied a variety of freedoms under the authority of the state as punishment for various crimes. Prisons are most commonly used within a criminal justice system: people charged with crimes may be imprisoned until their trial; those pleading or being found guilty of crimes at trial may be sentenced to a specified period of imprisonment. In simplest terms, a prison can also be described as a building in which people are legally held as a punishment for a crime they have committed. Prisons can also be used as a tool of political repression by authoritarian regimes. Their perceived opponents may be impris ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mahmoud Ahmadinejad
Mahmoud Ahmadinejad ( fa, محمود احمدینژاد, Mahmūd Ahmadīnežād ), born Mahmoud Sabbaghian ( fa, محمود صباغیان, Mahmoud Sabbāghyān, 28 October 1956), is an Iranian Iranian Principlists, principlist politician who served as the sixth from 2005 to 2013. He is currently a member of the . He was known for his hardline views and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
White Torture
White torture, often referred to as white room torture, is a type of psychological torture technique aimed at complete sensory deprivation and isolation. A prisoner is held in a cell that deprives them of all senses and identity. It is particularly used in Iran; however, there is also evidence of its use by the Venezuelan and the United States intelligence services. Methodology Visually, the prisoner is deprived of all colour. Their cell is completely white: the walls, floor and ceiling, as well as their clothes and food. Neon tubes are positioned above the occupant in such a way that no shadows appear. Auditorily, the cell is soundproof, and void of any sound, voices or social interaction. Guards stand in silence, wearing padded shoes to avoid making any noise. Prisoners cannot hear anything but themselves. In terms of taste and smell, the prisoner is fed white food—classically, unseasoned rice—to deprive them of these senses. Further, all surfaces are smooth, robbing t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Judicial System Of Iran
A nationwide judicial system in Iran was first implemented and established by Abdolhossein Teymourtash under Reza Shah, with further changes during the second Pahlavi era. After the 1979 overthrow of the Pahlavi dynasty by the Islamic Revolution, the system was greatly altered. The legal code is now based on Islamic law or sharia, although many aspects of civil law have been retained, and it is integrated into a civil law legal system. According to the constitution of the Islamic Republic, the judiciary in Iran "is an independent power" with a Ministry of Justice, head of the Supreme Court, and also a separate appointed Head of the Judiciary.Abrahamian, Ervand, ''History of Modern Iran'', Cambridge U.P., 2008, p.177 History Islam According to one scholar, the administration of justice in Islamic Iran has been until recent times a loosely sewn and frequently resewn patchwork of conflicting authority in which the different and sometimes conflicting sources for Islamic law ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Human Rights In Iran
From the Imperial Pahlavi dynasty (1925 to 1979), through the Islamic Revolution (1979), to the era of the Islamic Republic of Iran (1979 to current), government treatment of Iranian citizens' rights has been criticized by Iranians, by international human rights activists, by writers, by NGOs and the United States. While the monarchy under the rule of the shahs was widely attacked by most Western watchdog organizations for having an abysmal human rights record, the government of the Islamic Republic which succeeded it is considered still worse by many. The Pahlavi dynasty—Reza Shah Pahlavi and his son Mohammad Reza Shah Pahlavi—has sometimes been described as a "royal dictatorship", or "one man rule", and employed secret police, torture, and executions to stifle political dissent. During Mohammad Reza Shah Pahlavi's reign, estimates of the number of political prisoners executed vary from less than 100 to 300. Under the Islamic Republic, the prison system was centralized ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Persecution Of Baháʼís
Persecution of Baháʼís occurs in various countries, especially in Iran, where the Baháʼí Faith originated and where one of the largest Baháʼí populations in the world is located. The origins of the persecution stem from a variety of Baháʼí teachings which are inconsistent with traditional Islamic beliefs, including the finality of Muhammad's prophethood, and the placement of Baháʼís outside the Islamic religion.Mottahedeh, Roy, ''The Mantle of the Prophet : Religion and Politics in Iran'', One World, Oxford, 1985, 2000, p.238 Thus, Baháʼís are seen as apostates from Islam. Baháʼí spokespeople, as well as the United Nations, Amnesty International, the European Union, the United States, and peer-reviewed academic literature have stated that the members of the Baháʼí community in Iran have been subjected to unwarranted arrests, false imprisonment, beatings, torture, unjustified executions, confiscation and destruction of property owned by Baháʼí indivi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Suppression
Suppression may refer to: Laws * Suppression of Communism Act *Suppression order a type of censorship where a court rules that certain information cannot be published * Tohunga Suppression Act 1907, an Act of the Parliament of New Zealand aimed to replace tohunga as traditional Māori healers with "modern" medicine Mathematics and science Biology, psychology and healthcare * Suppression (eye), of an eye is a subconscious adaptation by a person's brain to eliminate the symptoms of disorders of binocular vision such as strabismus, convergence insufficiency and aniseikonia * Appetite suppression * Bone marrow suppression, the decrease in cells responsible for providing immunity, carrying oxygen, and those responsible for normal blood clotting * Cough medicine, which may contain a cough suppressant, a medicinal drug used in an attempt to treat coughing * Expressive suppression, a psychological aspect of emotion regulation * Flash suppression, a phenomenon of visual perceptio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eye For An Eye
"An eye for an eye" ( hbo, עַיִן תַּחַת עַיִן, ) is a commandment found in the Book of Exodus 21:23–27 expressing the principle of reciprocal justice measure for measure. The principle exists also in Babylonian law. In Roman civilization, the law of retaliation ( la, lex talionis) bears the same principle that a person who has injured another person is to be penalized to a similar degree by the injured party. In softer interpretations, it means the victim receives the stimatedvalue of the injury in compensation. The intent behind the principle was to ''restrict'' compensation to the value of the loss. Definition and methods The term ''lex talionis'' does not always and only refer to literal eye-for-an-eye codes of justice (see rather mirror punishment) but applies to the broader class of legal systems that specifically formulate penalties for specific crimes, which are thought to be fitting in their severity. Some propose that this was at least in part intend ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
International Campaign For Human Rights In Iran
The Center for Human Rights in Iran (formerly the International Campaign for Human Rights in Iran; ICHRI) is an American non-government organization that aims to promote human rights in Iran. The group started in late 2007 when several human rights activists working for the Dutch non-governmental organization 'Foundation for Human Security in the Middle East' wished to focus on the situation in Iran.About the campaign Accessed June 19, 2009. Background Hadi Ghaemi is the executive director (). He graduated from in 1994 and then taught ...[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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