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Glaucidae
''Glaucus'' is a genus of small blue pelagic sea slugs. They are aeolid nudibranchs,Bouchet, P.; Gofas, S. (2013)''Glaucus'' Forster, 1777.Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species on 2013-07-17 ranging in size from . They feed on colonial cnidarians such as Portuguese man o' wars, blue buttons, and purple sails. They can produce painful and potentially dangerous stings when handled, as they store the venomous nematocysts of their prey. ''Glaucus'' is the only genus in the family Glaucidae. It includes five species. Taxonomic history The genus ''Glaucus'' was established by monotypy in 1777 by the British naturalist Johann Reinhold Forster. He described specimens of ''Glaucus atlanticus'' recovered during the second voyage of James Cook aboard . The genus is named after the Greek sea-god Glaucus. In 1848, the German naturalist Johannes Gistel provided the substitute name ''Dadone'' for ''Glaucus''. But it is unnecessary and is now regarded as invalid.Bouchet, P. (20 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Glaucus Atlanticus
''Glaucus atlanticus'' (common names include the blue sea dragon, sea swallow, blue angel, blue glaucus, dragon slug, blue dragon, blue sea slug and blue ocean slug) is a species of small, blue sea slug, a pelagic (open-ocean) aeolid nudibranch, a shell-less gastropod mollusk in the family Glaucidae. These sea slugs are pelagic; they float upside down by using the surface tension of the water to stay up, where they are carried along by the winds and ocean currents. ''G. atlanticus'' makes use of countershading: the blue side of their body faces upwards, blending in with the blue of the water. The silver/grey side of the sea slugs faces downwards, blending in with the sunlight reflecting on the ocean's surface when viewed facing upwards underwater. ''Glaucus atlanticus'' feed on other pelagic creatures, including the Portuguese man o' war and other venomous siphonophores. This sea slug stores stinging nematocysts from the siphonophores within its own tissues as defence against ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Glaucus Marginatus
''Glaucus marginatus'' is a species of small, floating, blue sea slug; a pelagic (open-ocean) aeolid nudibranch; a marine opisthobranch gastropod mollusc in the family Glaucidae.Valdés A. & Campillo O.A. (2004) ''Systematics of pelagic aeolid nudibranchs of the family Glaucidae (Mollusca, Gastropoda)''. Bulletin of Marine Science 75(3): 381–38/ref> This species is closely related to ''Glaucus atlanticus'', and is part of a species complex (Informal clade Marginatus) along with '' Glaucus bennettae'', '' Glaucus thompsoni'', and '' Glaucus mcfarlanei''.Churchill C.K.C, Valdés A. & Ó Foighil D. (2014) ''Molecular and morphological systematics of neustonic nudibranchs (Mollusca : Gastropoda : Glaucidae : Glaucus), with descriptions of three new cryptic species''. Invertebrate Systematics 28(2): 174-19/ref> Like ''Glaucus atlanticus'', it is commonly known as a blue dragon. Description This nudibranch is dark blue, and in many ways it resembles a smaller version of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aeolidioidea
Aeolidioidea is a superfamily of sea slugs, the aeolid nudibranchs. They are marine gastropod molluscs in the suborder Cladobranchia. Taxonomy As of 2019, the superfamily Aeolidioidea consisted of the following families: * Aeolidiidae Gray, 1827 * Babakinidae Roller, 1973 * Facelinidae Bergh, 1889 * Flabellinopsidae Korshunova, Martynov, Bakken, Evertsen, Fletcher, Mudianta, Saito, Lundin, Schrödl & Picton, 2017 * Glaucidae Gray, 1827 * Myrrhinidae Bergh, 1905 * Notaeolidiidae Eliot, 1910 * Piseinotecidae Edmunds, 1970 * Pleurolidiidae Burn, 1966 Synonyms of families within this superfamily include: * Caloriidae (accepted as Facelinidae) * Cratenidae (accepted as Facelinidae) * Favorinidae (accepted as Facelinidae) * Phidianidae (accepted as Facelinidae) * Phyllodesmiidae (accepted as Myrrhinidae) * Protaeolidiellidae (accepted as Pleurolidiidae) * Spurillidae (accepted as Aeolidiidae) Gosliner et al. (2007) elevated the subfamily Babakininae, which was within Facelinida ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aeolidida
The Aeolidida is a taxonomic clade of sea slugs, specifically aeolid nudibranchs, marine gastropod molluscs in the clade Cladobranchia. They are distinguished from other nudibranchs by their possession of cerata containing cnidosacs. Taxonomy *Superfamily Flabellinoidea (= Pleuroprocta) Bergh, 1889 **Family Apataidae Korshunova, Martynov, Bakken, Evertsen, Fletcher, Mudianta, Saito, Lundin, Schrödl & Picton, 2017 **Family Coryphellidae Bergh, 1889 **Family Cumanotidae Odhner, 1907 **Family Flabellinidae Bergh, 1889 **Family Flabellinopsidae Korshunova, Martynov, Bakken, Evertsen, Fletcher, Mudianta, Saito, Lundin, Schrödl & Picton, 2017 **Family Notaeolidiidae Eliot, 1910 **Family Paracoryphellidae M. C. Miller, 1971 **Family Samlidae Korshunova, Martynov, Bakken, Evertsen, Fletcher, Mudianta, Saito, Lundin, Schrödl & Picton, 2017 *Superfamily Fionoidea (= Acleioprocta) Gray, 1857Korshunova, T.; Martynov, A.; Picton, B. (2017)Ontogeny as an important part of integrative taxo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Family (taxonomy)
Family ( la, familia, plural ') is one of the eight major hierarchical taxonomic ranks in Linnaean taxonomy. It is classified between order and genus. A family may be divided into subfamilies, which are intermediate ranks between the ranks of family and genus. The official family names are Latin in origin; however, popular names are often used: for example, walnut trees and hickory trees belong to the family Juglandaceae, but that family is commonly referred to as the "walnut family". What belongs to a family—or if a described family should be recognized at all—are proposed and determined by practicing taxonomists. There are no hard rules for describing or recognizing a family, but in plants, they can be characterized on the basis of both vegetative and reproductive features of plant species. Taxonomists often take different positions about descriptions, and there may be no broad consensus across the scientific community for some time. The publishing of new data and opini ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Species Complex
In biology, a species complex is a group of closely related organisms that are so similar in appearance and other features that the boundaries between them are often unclear. The taxa in the complex may be able to hybridize readily with each other, further blurring any distinctions. Terms that are sometimes used synonymously but have more precise meanings are cryptic species for two or more species hidden under one species name, sibling species for two (or more) species that are each other's closest relative, and species flock for a group of closely related species that live in the same habitat. As informal taxonomic ranks, species group, species aggregate, macrospecies, and superspecies are also in use. Two or more taxa that were once considered conspecific (of the same species) may later be subdivided into infraspecific taxa (taxa within a species, such as bacterial strains or plant varieties), that is complex but it is not a species complex. A species complex is in most cas ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
World Register Of Marine Species
The World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) is a taxonomic database that aims to provide an authoritative and comprehensive list of names of marine organisms. Content The content of the registry is edited and maintained by scientific specialists on each group of organism. These taxonomists control the quality of the information, which is gathered from the primary scientific literature as well as from some external regional and taxon-specific databases. WoRMS maintains valid names of all marine organisms, but also provides information on synonyms and invalid names. It is an ongoing task to maintain the registry, since new species are constantly being discovered and described by scientists; in addition, the nomenclature and taxonomy of existing species is often corrected or changed as new research is constantly being published. Subsets of WoRMS content are made available, and can have separate badging and their own home/launch pages, as "subregisters", such as the ''World List of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Superfamily (biology)
In biological classification, taxonomic rank is the relative level of a group of organisms (a taxon) in an ancestral or hereditary hierarchy. A common system consists of species, genus, family, order, class, phylum, kingdom, domain. While older approaches to taxonomic classification were phenomenological, forming groups on the basis of similarities in appearance, organic structure and behaviour, methods based on genetic analysis have opened the road to cladistics. A given rank subsumes under it less general categories, that is, more specific descriptions of life forms. Above it, each rank is classified within more general categories of organisms and groups of organisms related to each other through inheritance of traits or features from common ancestors. The rank of any ''species'' and the description of its ''genus'' is ''basic''; which means that to identify a particular organism, it is usually not necessary to specify ranks other than these first two. Consider a particular ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Monotypic Genus
In biology, a monotypic taxon is a taxonomic group (taxon) that contains only one immediately subordinate taxon. A monotypic species is one that does not include subspecies or smaller, infraspecific taxa. In the case of genera, the term "unispecific" or "monospecific" is sometimes preferred. In botanical nomenclature, a monotypic genus is a genus in the special case where a genus and a single species are simultaneously described. In contrast, an oligotypic taxon contains more than one but only a very few subordinate taxa. Examples Just as the term ''monotypic'' is used to describe a taxon including only one subdivision, the contained taxon can also be referred to as monotypic within the higher-level taxon, e.g. a genus monotypic within a family. Some examples of monotypic groups are: Plants * In the order Amborellales, there is only one family, Amborellaceae and there is only one genus, '' Amborella'', and in this genus there is only one species, namely ''Amborella trichopoda.' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Synapomorphy
In phylogenetics, an apomorphy (or derived trait) is a novel character or character state that has evolved from its ancestral form (or plesiomorphy). A synapomorphy is an apomorphy shared by two or more taxa and is therefore hypothesized to have evolved in their most recent common ancestor. ) In cladistics, synapomorphy implies homology. Examples of apomorphy are the presence of erect gait, fur, the evolution of three middle ear bones, and mammary glands in mammals but not in other vertebrate animals such as amphibians or reptiles, which have retained their ancestral traits of a sprawling gait and lack of fur. Thus, these derived traits are also synapomorphies of mammals in general as they are not shared by other vertebrate animals. Etymology The word —coined by German entomologist Willi Hennig—is derived from the Ancient Greek words (''sún''), meaning "with, together"; (''apó''), meaning "away from"; and (''morphḗ''), meaning "shape, form". Clade analysis T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Malacologist
Malacology is the branch of invertebrate zoology that deals with the study of the Mollusca (mollusks or molluscs), the second-largest phylum of animals in terms of described species after the arthropods. Mollusks include snails and slugs, clams, and cephalopods, along with numerous other kinds, many of which have shells. One division of malacology, conchology, is devoted to the study of mollusk shells. Malacology derives . Fields within malacological research include taxonomy, ecology Ecology () is the study of the relationships between living organisms, including humans, and their physical environment. Ecology considers organisms at the individual, population, community, ecosystem, and biosphere level. Ecology overlaps wi ... and evolution. Applied malacology studies medical, veterinary, and agricultural applications; for example, mollusks as vectors of disease, as in schistosomiasis. Archaeology employs malacology to understand the evolution of the climate, the biota ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Valid Name (zoology)
In zoological nomenclature, the valid name of a taxon is the sole correct scientific name. The valid name should be used for that taxon, instead of any other name that may currently be being used, or may previously have been used. A name is valid when, and only when, it is in harmony with all the relevant rules listed in the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN). A valid name is the correct zoological name of a taxon. In contrast, a name which violates the rules of the ICZN is known as an invalid name. An invalid name is not considered to be the correct scientific name for a taxon. There are numerous different kinds of invalid names. Subjectively invalid names Subjectively invalid names are names that have been rendered invalid by individual scientific judgement or opinion. Taxonomists may differ in their opinion, and names considered invalid by one researcher may be considered valid by another; thus these are still potentially valid names. They include: :*J ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
