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Glacier Blanc
The Glacier Blanc is a glacier in the French département of Hautes-Alpes. Its name (which means "white glacier") derives from the fact that – unlike the nearby Glacier Noir ("black glacier") – its surface appears pristinely white due to an absence of morainic debris. A glacier that is largely free of such moraines is generally described in French as a ''glacier blanc''. See Geography The Glacier Blanc begins on the northern slopes of the most southwesterly of the four-thousanders in the Alps, the high Barre des Écrins. It is separated from the Glacier Noir to the south by the crest of ''Crête de l'Encoula'' (or ''Crête de l'Encula''), that runs from the Barre des Écrins to the ''Pointe du Serre Subeyran''. The upper part of the glacier is sometimes named ''Glacier de l'Enc(o)ula'' after this arête; on several older maps, this name is used for the whole glacier. The ice thickness in the centre reduced during the period from 1981 to 2002 by 13.5 metres, an estimate ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Massif Des Écrins
The mountains of the Massif des Écrins (; Écrins Massif) form the core of Écrins National Park in Hautes-Alpes and Isère in the French Alps. on ecrins-parcnational.fr (in French). Mountains * Barre des Écrins 4,102 m * La Meije 3,983 m * Ailefroide 3,954 m * Mont Pelvoux 3,946 m * |
Ailefroide
The Ailefroide (3,954 m) is a mountain in the Massif des Écrins in the French Alps, and is the third highest peak in the Dauphiné Alps after the Barre des Écrins and La Meije. It lies at the south-western end of the Mont Pelvoux–Pic Sans Nom–Ailefroide ridge. There are three main summits on the mountain: *''L'Ailefroide Occidentale'' (3,954 m): first ascent by W. A. B. Coolidge with guides Christian Almer 220px, Christian Almer Christian Almer (29 March 1826 – 17 May 1898) was a Swiss mountain guide and the first ascentionist of many prominent mountains in the western Alps during the golden and silver ages of alpinism. Almer was born and died ... and Ulrich Almer on 7 July 1870 *''L'Ailefroide Centrale'' (3,928 m): first ascent by Auguste Reynier, Pierre Gaspard (father), Christophe Clot and Joseph Turc on 8 August 1889 *''L'Ailefroide Orientale'' (3,848 m): first ascent by J. Nérot, Emile Pic and Giraud-Lézin on 25 August 1880 See also {{portal, Alps , left ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Barre Des Écrins & Glacier Blanc
Barre or Barré may refer to: * Barre (name) or Barré, a surname and given name Places United States * Barre, Massachusetts, a New England town ** Barre (CDP), Massachusetts, the central village in the town * Barre, New York, a town * Barre (city), Vermont * Barre (town), Vermont * Barre, Wisconsin, a town * Port Barre, Louisiana, a town Other countries * Barre, Tarn, France * Barré Glacier, Antarctica * Mount Barre, Antarctica Other uses * Barré (automobile) (1899–1930), French automobile manufacturer established by Gaston Barré * Barre (ballet), a handrail used in ballet exercises * Barre (brewery), a German beer brewer * Barre (exercise), a form of physical exercise that uses the ballet barre and ballet-inspired movements and positions * Barré (fabric), a defect in fabrics * Barre chord, a type of guitar chord * Barre Granite, a variety of Vermont granite * Barré Studio, an early film studio dedicated to animation * Purple drank, a recreational drug bevera ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mediterranean Sea
The Mediterranean Sea is a sea connected to the Atlantic Ocean, surrounded by the Mediterranean Basin and almost completely enclosed by land: on the north by Western and Southern Europe and Anatolia, on the south by North Africa, and on the east by the Levant. The Sea has played a central role in the history of Western civilization. Geological evidence indicates that around 5.9 million years ago, the Mediterranean was cut off from the Atlantic and was partly or completely desiccated over a period of some 600,000 years during the Messinian salinity crisis before being refilled by the Zanclean flood about 5.3 million years ago. The Mediterranean Sea covers an area of about , representing 0.7% of the global ocean surface, but its connection to the Atlantic via the Strait of Gibraltar—the narrow strait that connects the Atlantic Ocean to the Mediterranean Sea and separates the Iberian Peninsula in Europe from Morocco in Africa—is only wide. The Mediterranean Sea e ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Durance
The Durance (; ''Durença'' in the Occitan classical norm or ''Durènço'' in the Mistralian norm) is a major river in Southeastern France. A left tributary of the Rhône, it is long. Its drainage basin is .Bassin versant : Durance (La) Observatoire Régional Eau et Milieux Aquatiques en PACA Its source is in the southwestern part of the , in the ski resort near ; it flows southwest through the following [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mass Balance
In physics, a mass balance, also called a material balance, is an application of conservation of mass to the analysis of physical systems. By accounting for material entering and leaving a system, mass flows can be identified which might have been unknown, or difficult to measure without this technique. The exact conservation law used in the analysis of the system depends on the context of the problem, but all revolve around mass conservation, i.e., that matter cannot disappear or be created spontaneously. Therefore, mass balances are used widely in engineering and environmental analyses. For example, mass balance theory is used to design chemical reactors, to analyse alternative processes to produce chemicals, as well as to model pollution dispersion and other processes of physical systems. Closely related and complementary analysis techniques include the population balance, energy balance and the somewhat more complex entropy balance. These techniques are required for thorough ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ablation Zone
Ablation zone or ''ablation area'' refers to the low-altitude area of a glacier or ice sheet below firn with a net loss in ice mass due to melting, sublimation, evaporation, ice calving, aeolian processes like blowing snow, avalanche, and any other ablation. The equilibrium line altitude (ELA) or snow line separates the ablation zone from the higher-altitude accumulation zone. The ablation zone often contains meltwater features such as supraglacial lakes, englacial streams, and subglacial lakes. Sediments dropped in the ablation zone forming small mounds or hillocks are called kames. Kame and kettle hole topography is useful in identifying an ablation zone of a glacier. The seasonally melting glacier deposits much sediment at its fringes in the ablation area. Ablation constitutes a key part of the glacier mass balance. The amount of snow and ice gained in the accumulation zone and the amount of snow and ice lost in the ablation zone determine glacier mass balance. Often mas ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Firn Line
__NOTOC__ Firn (; from Swiss German "last year's", cognate with ''before'') is partially compacted névé, a type of snow that has been left over from past seasons and has been recrystallized into a substance denser than névé. It is ice that is at an intermediate stage between snow and glacial ice. Firn has the appearance of wet sugar, but has a hardness that makes it extremely resistant to shovelling. Its density generally ranges from 0.35 g/cm3 to 0.9 g/cm3, and it can often be found underneath the snow that accumulates at the head of a glacier. Snowflakes are compressed under the weight of the overlying snowpack. Individual crystals near the melting point are semiliquid and slick, allowing them to glide along other crystal planes and to fill in the spaces between them, increasing the ice's density. Where the crystals touch they bond together, squeezing the air between them to the surface or into bubbles. In the summer months, the crystal metamorphosis can occur m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Refuge Des Écrins
Refuge des Écrins is a refuge in the Alps, in the French department of Hautes-Alpes. It stands at 3170 metres high, above the Glacier Blanc. Access usually is from the village of Ailefroide The Ailefroide (3,954 m) is a mountain in the Massif des Écrins in the French Alps, and is the third highest peak in the Dauphiné Alps after the Barre des Écrins and La Meije. It lies at the south-western end of the Mont Pelvoux–Pic Sans No ... in the French Alps and a 2-hour hike further than the Refuge du Glacier Blanc. The hut trail runs for the most part immediately above the glacier and should only be attempted by fully equipped high-altitude alpinists because of the danger of falling into a crevasse. The high alpine base with 119 beds is often overbooked during the peak season. Mountain huts in the Alps Mountain huts in France {{france-struct-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
