|
Girl Studies
Girl studies, also known as girlhood studies, is an interdisciplinary academic field of study that is focused on girlhood and girls' culture that combines advocacy and the direct perspectives and thoughts of girls themselves. The field officially emerged in the 1990s after decades of falling under the broader field of women's studies. Scholars within girl studies examine social and cultural elements of girlhood and move away from an adult-centered focus. Those working in the field of girl studies have studied it primarily in relation to other fields that include sociology, psychology, education, history, literary studies, media studies, and communication studies. Girl studies seeks to work directly with girls themselves in order to analyze their lives and understand the large societal forces at play within them. Scholars in girl studies also explore the connection the field has to women's studies, boyhood studies, and masculinity studies. There are many different definitions of what ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Girl
A girl is a young female human, usually a child or an adolescent. When a girl becomes an adult, she is accurately described as a ''woman''. However, the term ''girl'' is also used for other meanings, including ''young woman'',Dictionary.com, "Girl"'' Retrieved January 2, 2008. and is sometimes used as a synonym for ''daughter'', or ''girlfriend''. In certain contexts, the usage of ''girl'' for a woman may be derogatory. ''Girl'' may also be a term of endearment used by an adult, usually a woman, to designate adult female friends. ''Girl'' also appears in portmanteaus (compound words) like ''showgirl'', ''cowgirl'', and '' schoolgirl''. The treatment and status of girls in any society is usually closely related to the status of women in that culture. In cultures where women have a low societal position, girls may be unwanted by their parents, and the state may invest less in services for girls. Girls' upbringing ranges from being relatively the same as that of boys to co ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Science
Science is a systematic endeavor that builds and organizes knowledge in the form of testable explanations and predictions about the universe. Science may be as old as the human species, and some of the earliest archeological evidence for scientific reasoning is tens of thousands of years old. The earliest written records in the history of science come from Ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia in around 3000 to 1200 BCE. Their contributions to mathematics, astronomy, and medicine entered and shaped Greek natural philosophy of classical antiquity, whereby formal attempts were made to provide explanations of events in the physical world based on natural causes. After the fall of the Western Roman Empire, knowledge of Greek conceptions of the world deteriorated in Western Europe during the early centuries (400 to 1000 CE) of the Middle Ages, but was preserved in the Muslim world during the Islamic Golden Age and later by the efforts of Byzantine Greek scholars who brought Greek ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
American Association Of University Women
The American Association of University Women (AAUW), officially founded in 1881, is a non-profit organization that advances equity for women and girls through advocacy, education, and research. The organization has a nationwide network of 170,000 members and supporters, 1,000 local branches, and 800 college and university partners. Its headquarters are in Washington, D.C. AAUW's CEO is Gloria L. Blackwell. History 19th century In 1881, Marion Talbot and Ellen Swallow Richards invited 15 alumnae from 8 colleges to a meeting in Boston, Massachusetts. The purpose of this meeting was to create an organization of women college graduates that would assist women in finding greater opportunities to use their education, as well as promoting and assisting other women's college attendance. The Association of Collegiate Alumnae or ACA, (AAUW's predecessor organization) was officially founded on January 14, 1882. The ACA also worked to improve standards of education for women so that men and wo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Adolescence
Adolescence () is a transitional stage of physical and psychological development that generally occurs during the period from puberty to adulthood (typically corresponding to the age of majority). Adolescence is usually associated with the teenage years, but its physical, psychological or cultural expressions may begin earlier and end later. Puberty now typically begins during preadolescence, particularly in females. Physical growth (particularly in males) and cognitive development can extend past the teens. Age provides only a rough marker of adolescence, and scholars have not agreed upon a precise definition. Some definitions start as early as 10 and end as late as 25 or 26. The World Health Organization definition officially designates an adolescent as someone between the ages of 10 and 19. Biological development Puberty in general Puberty is a period of several years in which rapid physical growth and psychological changes occur, culminating in sexual maturity. The aver ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Developmental Psychology
Developmental psychology is the science, scientific study of how and why humans grow, change, and adapt across the course of their lives. Originally concerned with infants and children, the field has expanded to include adolescence, adult development, aging, and the entire lifespan. Developmental psychologists aim to explain how thinking, feeling, and behaviors change throughout life. This field examines change across three major dimensions, which are physical development, cognitive development, and social emotional development. Within these three dimensions are a broad range of topics including motor skills, executive functions, morality, moral understanding, language acquisition, social change, personality, emotional development, self-concept, and identity formation. Developmental psychology examines the influences of nature ''and'' nurture on the process of human development, as well as processes of change in context across time. Many researchers are interested in the inter ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Harvard
Harvard University is a private Ivy League research university in Cambridge, Massachusetts. Founded in 1636 as Harvard College and named for its first benefactor, the Puritan clergyman John Harvard, it is the oldest institution of higher learning in the United States and one of the most prestigious and highly ranked universities in the world. The university is composed of ten academic faculties plus Harvard Radcliffe Institute. The Faculty of Arts and Sciences offers study in a wide range of undergraduate and graduate academic disciplines, and other faculties offer only graduate degrees, including professional degrees. Harvard has three main campuses: the Cambridge campus centered on Harvard Yard; an adjoining campus immediately across Charles River in the Allston neighborhood of Boston; and the medical campus in Boston's Longwood Medical Area. Harvard's endowment is valued at $50.9 billion, making it the wealthiest academic institution in the world. Endowment inco ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1990s In Sociology
The following events related to sociology occurred in the 1990s. 1990 *Aung San Suu Kyi's ''Burma and India: Some aspects of intellectual life under colonialism'' is published. *Zygmunt Bauman's ''Thinking Sociologically'' is published. *Raymond Boudon's ''The Art of Self-Persuasion: The Social Explanation of False Beliefs'' is published. * James Coleman's ''Foundations of Social Theory'' is published. *Troy Duster's ''Backdoor To Eugenics'' is published. *Ian Hacking's ''The Taming of Chance'' is published. *Nicole Lapierre's ''The Silence of the Memory ''is published and wins the Bulzoni Editore Special Award. * M. Rainer Lepsius' and Wolfgang J. Mommsen's (ed.) ''Max Weber. Briefe 1906-1908'' is published and wins the European Amalfi Prize for Sociology and Social Sciences. *Chen Liangjin's ''Social Developmental Mechanisms and Social Security Functions'' is published. *Alejandro Portes' and Rubén Rumbaut's ''Immigrant America: A Portrait'' is published. * John B. Thompson ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1980s In Sociology
The following events related to sociology occurred in the 1980s. 1980 *Raymond Boudon's '' Crisis in sociology : problems of sociological epistemology'' is published. * William Catton's '' Overshoot'' is published. *Michel Foucault's ''Power/Knowledge'' is published. *Richard Sennett's ''Authority'' is published. *Immanuel Wallerstein's ''The Modern World-System (volume 2): Mercantilism and the Consolidation of the European World-Economy, 1600-1750'' 1981 *Raymond Boudon's '' Logic of social action : an introduction to sociological analysis'' is published. *Andre Gunder Frank's Crisis in the third world is published. *Erving Goffman's ''Forms of Talk'' is published. *Jürgen Habermas's ''The Theory of Communicative Action'' is published. *Thomas Humphrey Marshall's ''The Right of Welfare and Other Essays'' is published. *Leslie George Scarman's '' Brixton disorders 10–12 April 1981 : report of an enquiry'' is published. *Alain Touraine's ''La Voix et le Regard'' is published. * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1970s In Sociology
The following events related to sociology occurred in the 1970s. 1970 *Robert Adrey's ''Social Contract'' is published.Ardrey, Robert. ''The Social Contract: A Personal Inquiry into the Evolutionary Sources of Order and Disorder.'' New York: Atheneum. 1970. Print *Jean Baudrillard's '' The Consumer Society: Myths and Structures'' is published. *Thomas R. Dye's and L. Harmon Zeigler's '' Irony of democracy'' is published. *Michel Foucault's '' The Order of Discourse'' is published. *Alvin Ward Gouldner's '' The Coming Crisis of Western Sociology'' is published. *Germaine Greer's ''The Female Eunuch'' is published. *Donald MacRae's ''New Society'' is published. *Nicos Poulantzas' '' Fascism and Dictatorship'' is published. *John Rex's '' Race relations in sociological theory'' is published. *Richard Sennett's '' Families Against the City: Middle Class Homes of Industrial Chicago, 1872-1890'' is published. *Richard Titmuss' '' The Gift Relationship'' is published. 1971 *Erving Goffm ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Christine Griffin
Christine M. Griffin (born February 10, 1955) is an American lawyer. From 2011 to 2013 she served as Assistant Secretary for Disability Policies and Programs for the Massachusetts Executive Office of Health and Human Services. After military service on active duty from 1974 to 1977, Griffin graduated from the Massachusetts Maritime Academy in 1983 and worked for the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. She received a Juris Doctor from the Boston College Law School in 1993 and held posts in disability advocacy groups and as commissioner of the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission until 2009. From 2010 to 2011 she served as deputy director of the United States Office of Personnel Management under John Berry (administrator), John Berry. Early life and career Griffin was born in Dorchester, Boston, Dorchester, Boston, Massachusetts. She went to St. Patrick's High School in Roxbury, Boston and served on active duty in the United States Army from 1974 to 1977. Griffin later entered th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Meda Chesney-Lind
Meda Chesney-Lind is a US feminist, criminologist, and an advocate for girls and women who come in contact with the criminal justice system in Hawaii. Overview Chesney-Lind works to find alternatives to women's incarceration and is an advocate for humanitarian solutions within the Hawaiian criminal justice system. She focuses on teaching courses on girls' delinquency and women's crime, issues of girls' programming and women's imprisonment, youth gangs, the sociology of gender, and the victimization of women and girls. Over much of the past two decades, her focus has been on improvement of the Hawaiian correctional system through producing articles for newspapers, books, and journals, as well as working with community-based agencies and giving talks to local organizations and legislators. She has also been credited with helping to direct national attention to services for delinquent girls. Early life Meda Chesney was born in Woodward, Oklahoma, in 1947 and was the oldest of fo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
.jpg "Click for more on -> Girl")
