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Ghana–Togo Mountain Languages
The Ghana–Togo Mountain languages, formerly called Togorestsprachen (''Togo Remnant languages'') and Central Togo languages, form a grouping of about fourteen languages spoken in the mountains of the Ghana–Togo borderland. They are part of the Kwa branch of the Niger–Congo family. History of classification Bernhard Struck, in 1912, was the first to group together these languages under the label ''Semibantu von Mitteltogo''. Westermann, in his classification of the then Sudanic languages, adopted the grouping but called it ''Togorestsprachen''. This was mainly a loose geographical-typological grouping based on the elaborate noun class systems of the languages; lack of comparative data prevented a more definitive phylogenetic classification. Bernd Heine (1968) carried out comparative research among the group, establishing a basic division between ''Ka-Togo'' and ''Na-Togo'' based on the word for 'flesh' in the languages. Dakubu and Ford (1988) renamed this cluster the Ce ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ivory Coast
Ivory Coast, also known as Côte d'Ivoire, officially the Republic of Côte d'Ivoire, is a country on the southern coast of West Africa. Its capital is Yamoussoukro, in the centre of the country, while its largest city and economic centre is the port city of Abidjan. It borders Guinea to the northwest, Liberia to the west, Mali to the northwest, Burkina Faso to the northeast, Ghana to the east, and the Gulf of Guinea (Atlantic Ocean) to the south. Its official language is French, and indigenous languages are also widely used, including Bété, Baoulé, Dioula, Dan, Anyin, and Cebaara Senufo. In total, there are around 78 different languages spoken in Ivory Coast. The country has a religiously diverse population, including numerous followers of Christianity, Islam, and indigenous faiths. Before its colonization by Europeans, Ivory Coast was home to several states, including Gyaaman, the Kong Empire, and Baoulé. The area became a protectorate of France in 1843 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ewe Language
Ewe (''Eʋe'' or ''Eʋegbe'' ) is a language spoken by approximately 20 million people in West Africa, mainly in Ghana, Togo and Benin, and also in some other countries like Liberia and southwestern Nigeria. Ewe is part of a cluster of related languages commonly called the Gbe languages. The other major Gbe language is Fon, which is mainly spoken in Benin. Like many African languages, Ewe is tonal as well as a possible member of the Niger-Congo family. The German Africanist Diedrich Hermann Westermann published many dictionaries and grammars of Ewe and several other Gbe languages. Other linguists who have worked on Ewe and closely related languages include Gilbert Ansre (tone, syntax), Herbert Stahlke (morphology, tone), Nick Clements (tone, syntax), Roberto Pazzi (anthropology, lexicography), Felix K. Ameka (semantics, cognitive linguistics), Alan Stewart Duthie (semantics, phonetics), Hounkpati B. Capo (phonology, phonetics), Enoch Aboh (syntax), and Chris Collins (s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kposo Language
Kposo language, or Ikposo ('), is the language of the Akposso people, mainly in the Plateau Region of Togo, west of Atakpamé, but also into eastern Ghana. It is considered one of the Ghana–Togo Mountain languages The Ghana–Togo Mountain languages, formerly called Togorestsprachen (''Togo Remnant languages'') and Central Togo languages, form a grouping of about fourteen languages spoken in the mountains of the Ghana–Togo borderland. They are part of t ..., but does not have the system of noun classes that is characteristic of other languages in the group.M.E.Kropp Dakubu, ''The Languages of Ghana'', Kegan Paul International, 1988. References Ghana–Togo Mountain languages Languages of Togo Languages of Ghana {{Togo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bowili Language
The Bowili (Bowiri) language, ''Tuwuli'' (Liwuli, Siwuri, Tuwili, Tora), is spoken in the Volta Region of Ghana. It is considered one of the Ghana–Togo Mountain languages The Ghana–Togo Mountain languages, formerly called Togorestsprachen (''Togo Remnant languages'') and Central Togo languages, form a grouping of about fourteen languages spoken in the mountains of the Ghana–Togo borderland. They are part of t ... of the Kwa family. References Ghana–Togo Mountain languages Languages of Ghana {{Togo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ahlo Language
The Ahlon language, ''Igo'', is spoken in the Plateau Region of Togo. It is considered one of the Ghana–Togo Mountain languages The Ghana–Togo Mountain languages, formerly called Togorestsprachen (''Togo Remnant languages'') and Central Togo languages, form a grouping of about fourteen languages spoken in the mountains of the Ghana–Togo borderland. They are part of t ... of the Kwa family. Variations of its official name are ''Achlo, Ahlõ, Ahlo, Ahlon-Bogo, Ahonlan, Anlo''. References Ghana–Togo Mountain languages Languages of Togo {{Togo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nyangbo-Tafi Language
The Nyangbo-Tafi language is spoken in the Volta Region of Ghana. It is considered one of the Ghana–Togo Mountain languages of the Kwa family. It consists of two distinct varieties which ''Ethnologue ''Ethnologue: Languages of the World'' (stylized as ''Ethnoloɠue'') is an annual reference publication in print and online that provides statistics and other information on the living languages of the world. It is the world's most comprehensiv ...'' treats as separate languages, Nyangbo (''Tutrugbu'') and Tafi (''Tegbo''). The differences are reported to be only phonological but people without prior contact have only 67% intelligibility with the other variety. References Sources * Languages of Ghana Ghana–Togo Mountain languages {{kwa-lang-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Avatime Language
Avatime, also known as Afatime, Sideme, or Sia, is a Kwa language of the Avatime (self designation: Kedone (m.sg.)) people of eastern Ghana. The Avatime live primarily in the seven towns and villages of Amedzofe, Vane, Gbadzeme, Dzokpe, Biakpa, Dzogbefeme, and Fume. Phonology Avatime is a tonal language with three tones, has vowel harmony, and has been claimed to have doubly articulated fricatives. Vowels Avatime has nine vowels, , though the vowels have been overlooked in most descriptions of the language. It is not clear if the difference between and is one of advanced and retracted tongue root (laryngeal contraction), as in so many languages of Ghana, or of vowel height: different phonetic parameters support different analyses.Since the IPA does not have distinct letters for ±ATR vowels, they are transcribed here as differing in height for legibility. Avatime has vowel harmony. A root many not mix vowels of the relaxed and contracted sets, and prefixes change vowels t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Basila Language
The Anii or Basila language (''Bassila, Baseca,'' also known as ''Oji-Ouji, Ouinji-Ouinji, Winji-Winji,'' though this is derogatory) is spoken in Benin, and central eastern Togo and central eastern Ghana. It is part of the geographic group of Ghana Togo Mountain languages (formerly known as the ''Togorestsprachen'' or Togo Remnant languages) of the Kwa branch of Niger–Congo. There are four major dialect groups in Anii, which are quite different from each other, even to the point that some of the dialects are not mutually intelligible. These differences may include variation in phonology (including tonology), lexicon, syntax, and semantics. There are significant differences from village to village within groups, particularly regarding pronunciation. The name "Anii" was chosen in May 1979 by the Anii people as the official name for the language because it is a word that is common to all the Anii dialects. It is an interjection meaning roughly ‘do you hear?’, or ‘do yo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Adele Language
The Adele language is spoken in central eastern Ghana and central western Togo. It belongs to the geographic group of Ghana Togo Mountain languages (traditionally called the ''Togorestsprachen'' or Togo Remnant languages) of the Kwa branch of Niger–Congo. The speakers themselves, the Adele people The Adele people are an ethnic group and tribe of the Ghanaian-Togo border area indigenous to the Jasikan, Nkwanta South and Nkwanta North Districts of the Volta Region centered around the towns of Dadiasi and Dutukpene in Ghana and the Sot ..., call the language ''Gidire''. Writing system In Ghana, the Ghana Institute of Linguistics, Literacy and Bible Translation (en) (GILLBT) developed an alphabet to translate the Bible into Adele. The Adele alphabet used in Togo is essentially the same, however Rongier uses fewer digraphs at the index of his Adele-French dictionary. References * '' Bernd Heine, Die Verbreitung und Gliederung der Togorestsprachen.'' Berlin, Dietric ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Logba Language
Logba is a Kwa language spoken in the south-eastern Ghana by approximately 7,500 people. The Logba people call themselves and their language ''Ikpana'', which means ‘defenders of truth’. Logba is different from Lukpa of Togo and Benin, which is also sometimes referred to as ''Logba''. Classification The first published treatment of Logba was a short grammar by Diedrich Hermann Westermann (1903). Westermann included Logba in his group of ''Togo Restsprachen'' (Togo Remnant languages), a terminology adopted by several subsequent researchers. Dakubu and Ford (1988) renamed this cluster the Central Togo languages but since Ring (1995) they are commonly referred to as Ghana–Togo Mountain languages. The dozen or so Ghana–Togo Mountain languages are part of the Kwa branch of the Niger–Congo family. Geography and demography The Logba people live in the Volta Region of Ghana, east of the Volta Lake in the mountains of the Ghana–Togo borderland. Most Logba towns and vi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Santrokofi Language
Santrokofi or Selee (''Sεlεε'', name of both people and language) is spoken in the mountainous central part of the Volta Region of Ghana. It belongs to the geographic group of Ghana Togo Mountain languages Ghana (; tw, Gaana, ee, Gana), officially the Republic of Ghana, is a country in West Africa. It abuts the Gulf of Guinea and the Atlantic Ocean to the south, sharing borders with Ivory Coast in the west, Burkina Faso in the north, and To ... (traditionally called the ''Togorestsprachen'' or Togo Remnant languages) of the Kwa branch of Niger–Congo. References Languages of Ghana Ghana–Togo Mountain languages {{kwa-lang-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Likpe Language
Likpe or Sekpele (also ''Bosele, Mu'') is spoken in the mountainous lower part of the Oti Region of Ghana Ghana (; tw, Gaana, ee, Gana), officially the Republic of Ghana, is a country in West Africa. It abuts the Gulf of Guinea and the Atlantic Ocean to the south, sharing borders with Ivory Coast in the west, Burkina Faso in the north, and To .... It belongs to the geographic group of Ghana - Togo Mountain languages (traditionally called the ''Togorestsprachen'' or Togo Remnant languages) of the Kwa branch of Niger–Congo. References External links * ELAR archive oDescription and Documentation of Sekpele Languages of Ghana Ghana–Togo Mountain languages {{kwa-lang-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
