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Gerromorpha
The Gerromorpha comprise an infraorder of insects in the "true bug" order Hemiptera. These "typical" bugs (suborder Heteroptera) are commonly called semiaquatic bugs or shore-inhabiting bugs. The Ochteroidea (infraorder Nepomorpha are also found in shore habitat, while the Gerromorpha are actually most often encountered running around on the water surface, being kept from sinking by surface tension and their water-repellent legs. Well-known members of the Gerromorpha are the namesake Gerridae (water striders). Systematics The eight family families usually recognized are arranged in four superfamilies. The two small or monotypic ones of these are basal lineages; the two larger ones form a more advanced clade. The phylogenetic In biology, phylogenetics (; from Greek φυλή/ φῦλον [] "tribe, clan, race", and wikt:γενετικός, γενετικός [] "origin, source, birth") is the study of the evolutionary history and relationships among or within groups ... ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gerroidea
Gerroidea is a superfamily of semiaquatic bugs in the order Hemiptera. There are at least 3 families and more than 2,000 described species in Gerroidea. Families These three families belong to the superfamily Gerroidea: * Gerridae Leach, 1815 (water striders) * Hermatobatidae Coutière & Martin, 1901 * Veliidae Veliidae is a family of gregarious predatory insects in the suborder Heteroptera. They are commonly known as riffle bugs, small water striders, or broad-shouldered water striders because the segment immediately behind the head is wider than the ... Amyot & Serville, 1843 (smaller water striders or riffle bugs) References Further reading * * * External links * Gerromorpha Hemiptera superfamilies {{heteroptera-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Heteroptera
The Heteroptera are a group of about 40,000 species of insects in the order Hemiptera. They are sometimes called "true bugs", though that name more commonly refers to the Hemiptera as a whole. "Typical bugs" might be used as a more unequivocal alternative, since the heteropterans are most consistently and universally termed "bugs" among the Hemiptera. "Heteroptera" is Greek for "different wings": most species have forewings with both membranous and hardened portions (called hemelytra); members of the primitive sub-group Enicocephalomorpha have completely membranous wings. The name "Heteroptera" is used in two very different ways in modern classifications. In Linnean nomenclature, it commonly appears as a suborder within the order Hemiptera, where it can be paraphyletic or monophyletic depending on its delimitation. In phylogenetic nomenclature, it is used as an unranked clade within the Prosorrhyncha clade, which in turn is in the Hemiptera clade. This results from the realiz ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Macroveliidae
Macroveliidae is a family of macroveliid shore bugs in the order Hemiptera. There are at least four genera in Macroveliidae. Genera These four genera belong to the family Macroveliidae: * '' Chepuvelia'' China, 1963 * '' Macrovelia'' Uhler, 1872 * '' Oravelia'' Drake & Chapman, 1963 * † '' Daniavelia'' Andersen, 1998 References Further reading * * Hydrometroidea Heteroptera families Articles created by Qbugbot {{Gerromorpha-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hebridae
Velvet water bugs are members of the family Hebridae. They are semiaquatic insects that live among moss or ponds with an abundance of vegetation, in which they prey on small arthropods. Velvet water bugs are the smallest of the Gerromorpha, and have an appearance of tiny veliids. Hebrids sometimes move across water surfaces, but walk or run rather than skate or scull on the surface. Description Hebrids are small, ranging from lengths of 1.3 to 3.7 mm. They have a characteristic layer of short, dense hairs that cover their entire bodies, except on their abdomens and appendages, from which they derive the common name "velvet water bug". They have tarsi in two segments, with their hing legs shorter than their bodies. Unlike the Veliidae and Mesoveliidae, they are known only as winged forms. These wings, however, may be well-developed to short or lacking. The wing's membrane, when it is present at all, lacks any distinct veins that are common of shore bugs Saldidae. They are ty ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mesoveliidae
Mesoveliidae is a family of water treaders in the order Hemiptera. There are about 16 genera and at least 50 described species in Mesoveliidae. Genera These 12 extant genera belong to the family Mesoveliidae: * '' Austrovelia'' Malipatil and Monteith, 1983 * '' Cavaticovelia'' Andersen and J. Polhemus, 1980 * '' Cryptovelia'' Andersen and J. Polhemus, 1980 * '' Darwinivelia'' Andersen and J. Polhemus, 1980 * '' Madeovelia'' Poisson, 1959 * '' Mesovelia'' Mulsant & Rey, 1852 * '' Mesoveloidea'' Hungerford, 1929 * '' Mniovelia'' Andersen and J. Polhemus, 1980 * '' Nereivelia'' J. Polhemus and D. Polhemus, 1989 * '' Phrynovelia'' Horváth, 1915 * '' Seychellovelia'' Andersen and D. Polhemus, 2003 * '' Speovelia'' Esaki, 1929 Fossil genera * †'' Duncanovelia'' Jell & Duncan, 1986 * †'' Gallomesovelia'' Nel et al. 2014 France, Late Jurassic (Kimmeridgian) * †'' Malenavelia'' Solórzano Kraemer and Perrichot 2014 Charantese amber, France, Late Cretaceous (Cenomanian) * †' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gerridae
The Gerridae are a family of insects in the order Hemiptera, commonly known as water striders, water skeeters, water scooters, water bugs, pond skaters, water skippers, or water skimmers. Consistent with the classification of the Gerridae as true bugs (i.e., suborder Heteroptera), gerrids have mouthparts evolved for piercing and sucking, and distinguish themselves by having the unusual ability to walk on water, making them pleuston (surface-living) animals. They are anatomically built to transfer their weight to be able to run on top of the water's surface. As a result, one could likely find water striders present in any pond, river, or lake. Over 1,700 species of gerrids have been described, 10% of them being marine. While 90% of the Gerridae are freshwater bugs, the oceanic '' Halobates'' makes the family quite exceptional among insects. The genus ''Halobates'' was first heavily studied between 1822 and 1883 when Buchanan-White collected several different species during the C ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hydrometridae
Hydrometridae is a family of semiaquatic insects, known as ''marsh treaders'' or ''water measurers''. They have a characteristic elongated head and body which makes them resemble a yardstick for measuring the water surface. Appearance Hydrometrid bugs are of a greyish or pale brown colour, and relatively large amongst Gerromorpha at around 8 mm, although some can exceed 15 mm. Their body and legs are long and slender, to the point where they resemble tiny phasmatodeans. The family is mostly wingless, but winged forms do occur. The head is long as well, usually more so than the body. Their eyes are located a little behind the middle of the head and tend to bulge. Their antennae, positioned at the end of its head are four-segmented and their tarsi three-segmented . Habitat and ecology Marsh treaders are fairly common and have been found throughout the world. The greatest diversity, however, is found within the tropics, with only ''Hydrometra'' occurring els ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hygrotechuis Conformis
''Hygrotechuis conformis'', is a species In biology, a species is the basic unit of classification and a taxonomic rank of an organism, as well as a unit of biodiversity. A species is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which any two individuals of the appropriate s ... of aquatic bug. References Gerridae {{gerromorpha-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yuri Alexandrovich Popov
Yuri Alexandrovich Popov (Russian: Юрий Александрович Попов) (5 March 1936 – 16 November 2016) was a Soviet and Russian paleoentomologist, an authority on the taxonomy and evolution of fossil true bugs ( Heteroptera) and Coleorrhyncha. He described more than 20 new families and subfamilies and 300 new genera and species from the Mesozoic and Cenozoic. He also was one of the founders of the modern higher classification of true bugs: three of seven heteropteran infraorders have been established by him ( Nepomorpha Popov, 1968, Gerromorpha Popov, 1971, and Leptopodomorpha Popov, 1971). He was the author of more than 170 publications, including a classic monograph on the evolution of water bugs. Selected publications *Popov, Yu.A. (1971) Historical development of true bugs of the infraorder Nepomorpha (Heteroptera). Trudy Paleontologicheskogo Instituta AN SSSR 129: 1–230 (in Russian). *Popov, Yu.A. & Shcherbakov, D.E. (1991) Mesozoic Peloridioidea and t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Infraorder
Order ( la, ordo) is one of the eight major hierarchical taxonomic ranks in Linnaean taxonomy. It is classified between family and class. In biological classification, the order is a taxonomic rank used in the classification of organisms and recognized by the nomenclature codes. An immediately higher rank, superorder, is sometimes added directly above order, with suborder directly beneath order. An order can also be defined as a group of related families. What does and does not belong to each order is determined by a taxonomist, as is whether a particular order should be recognized at all. Often there is no exact agreement, with different taxonomists each taking a different position. There are no hard rules that a taxonomist needs to follow in describing or recognizing an order. Some taxa are accepted almost universally, while others are recognized only rarely. The name of an order is usually written with a capital letter. For some groups of organisms, their orders may follo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Basal (evolution)
In phylogenetics, basal is the direction of the ''base'' (or root) of a rooted phylogenetic tree or cladogram. The term may be more strictly applied only to nodes adjacent to the root, or more loosely applied to nodes regarded as being close to the root. Note that extant taxa that lie on branches connecting directly to the root are not more closely related to the root than any other extant taxa. While there must always be two or more equally "basal" clades sprouting from the root of every cladogram, those clades may differ widely in taxonomic rank, species diversity, or both. If ''C'' is a basal clade within ''D'' that has the lowest rank of all basal clades within ''D'', ''C'' may be described as ''the'' basal taxon of that rank within ''D''. The concept of a 'key innovation' implies some degree of correlation between evolutionary innovation and diversification. However, such a correlation does not make a given case predicable, so ancestral characters should not be imputed to th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hymenoptera
Hymenoptera is a large order of insects, comprising the sawflies, wasps, bees, and ants. Over 150,000 living species of Hymenoptera have been described, in addition to over 2,000 extinct ones. Many of the species are parasitic. Females typically have a special ovipositor for inserting eggs into hosts or places that are otherwise inaccessible. This ovipositor is often modified into a stinger. The young develop through holometabolism (complete metamorphosis)—that is, they have a wormlike larval stage and an inactive pupal stage before they mature. Etymology The name Hymenoptera refers to the wings of the insects, but the original derivation is ambiguous. All references agree that the derivation involves the Ancient Greek πτερόν (''pteron'') for wing. The Ancient Greek ὑμήν (''hymen'') for membrane provides a plausible etymology for the term because species in this order have membranous wings. However, a key characteristic of this order is that the hindwings are ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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