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German Language In The Basic Law
The public debate on whether to establish the German language as a national language in the Basic Law (the constitution of Germany) arises because the Basic Law contains no such provision, and never has since its entry into force in 1949. Both positions (for and against) are advocated for by associations, popular demands, numerous politicians and other public figures. Pros and cons of a constitutional amendment List of signatures sent to federal president Lammert A desire to establish the German language in the Basic Law emerged in 2010 when the German Language Association and the Association for German Cultural Relations Abroad initiated a collection of signatures in favor of the motion. According to tabloid '' Bild'', the then-President of the Bundestag Norbert Lammert received 46,317 signatures from those organizations. ''Bild'' supported the movement. Campaign ''Deutsch ins Grundgesetz'' A campaign in favor of the constitutional amendment, titled ''Deutsch ins Grundg ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Language
A national language is a language (or language variant, e.g. dialect) that has some connection—de facto or de jure—with a nation. There is little consistency in the use of this term. One or more languages spoken as first languages in the territory of a country may be referred to informally or designated in legislation as national languages of the country. National languages are mentioned in over 150 world constitutions. C.M.B. Brann, with particular reference to India, suggests that there are "four quite distinctive meanings" for national language in a polity: *"Territorial language" (''chthonolect'', sometimes known as ''chtonolect'') of a particular people *"Regional language" (''choralect'') *"Language-in-common or community language" (''demolect'') used throughout a country *"Central language" (''politolect'') used by government and perhaps having a symbolic value. The last is usually given the title of official language. In some cases (e.g., the Philippines), several l ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hartmut Koschyk
Hartmut is a given name. Notable people with the name include: * Hartmut of Saint Gall (died 905), Benedictine abbot * Hartmut Bagger (born 1938), retired German general of the Bundeswehr * Hartmut Becker (born 1938), German actor *Hartmut Boockmann (1934–1998), German historian and researcher in medieval history * Hartmut Briesenick (born 1949), East German athlete, mainly men's shot put * Hartmut Büttner, German politician (German Christian Democratic Union) *Hartmut Elsenhans (born 1941), German political scientist, professor at the Universität Leipzig *Hartmut Erbse (1915–2004), German classical philologist *Hartmut Esslinger (born 1944), German-American industrial designer * Hartmut Fähndrich (born 1944), German-Arabic translator *Hartmut Faust (born 1965), West German sprint canoeist * Hartmut Fromm (born 1950), retired German football defender * Hartmut Geerken (born 1939), German musician, composer, writer, journalist, playwright, and filmmaker * Hartmut Gründler (19 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wolfgang Thierse
Wolfgang Thierse (; born 22 October 1943) is a German politician of the Social Democratic Party (SPD). He served as the 11th President of the Bundestag from 1998 to 2005. Early life and career Thierse was born in Breslau (Wrocław in present-day Poland). He is a Roman Catholic and grew up in East Germany. After his A-levels he first worked as a typesetter in Weimar. Then he studied German language and literature at Humboldt University in Berlin, where he was an active member of the Catholic Student Community. He also became a research assistant in the university's Department of Cultural Theory / Aesthetics. In 1975–76 he was employed by the Ministry of Culture of the German Democratic Republic. But when he joined the protests against the expulsion of singer-songwriter and dissident Wolf Biermann from the GDR he lost his job. From 1977 to 1990 Thierse worked as a research assistant at the Central Institute of the History of Literature in the Academy of Arts and Sciences of t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Monika Grütters
Monika Grütters (born 9 January 1962) is a German politician of the Christian Democratic Union (CDU) who served as Federal Government Commissioner for Culture and the Media in the government of Chancellor Angela Merkel from 2013-2021. She has been a member of the German Bundestag since 2005 and was chairwoman of the Committee on Culture and Media Affairs from 2009 to 2013. Since December 2016, Grütters has also been the chairwoman of the CDU Berlin and an elected member of the CDU Federal Executive Board. Education and professional life After graduating from high school in 1981, Monika Grütters studied German language and literature, art history and political science at the University of Münster and at the Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn from 1982 onward, where she graduated in 1989 as Magister Artium. After having worked in the press and public relations department of the Bonn Opera during her studies from 1987 to 1988, she worked in the same area from 1 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Volkmar Klein
Volkmar Klein (born 13 January 1960 in Siegen, North Rhine-Westphalia) is a German politician of the Christian Democratic Union (CDU). He is a member of the German Bundestag since 2009 and was a member of the Landtag of North Rhine-Westphalia from 1995 until 2009. Early life and education Parallel to his studies in the University of Bonn, Klein worked as an assistant to a member of the German Bundestag. In 1986, Klein finished his studies in the University of Bonn as a graduate economist and took on a several month internship in the consulting company Henkell Brothers in Melbourne, Australia. After returning to Germany, Klein continued working for the same Australian consulting company as a freelancer. From 1988 until 1989, Klein was the branch manager of another Australian company Exicom Ltd (electronic company) in Düsseldorf. From 1989 until 1995, Klein was the executive manager of the Wittgensteiner Kuranstalt GmbH & Co. KG, an operator of rehabilitation clinics and hospit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Member Of The German Bundestag
Member of the German Parliament (german: Mitglied des Deutschen Bundestages) is the official name given to a deputy in the German Bundestag. ''Member of Parliament'' refers to the elected members of the federal Bundestag Parliament at the Reichstag building in Berlin. In German a member is called ' (Member of the Federal Diet) or officially ' (Member of the German Federal Diet), abbreviated ''MdB'' and attached. Unofficially the term ''Abgeordneter'' (literally: "delegate", i.e. of a certain electorate) is also common (abbreviated ''Abg.'', never follows the name but precedes it). From 1871 to 1918, legislators were known as Member of the Reichstag and sat in the Reichstag of the German Empire. In accordance with article 38 of the Basic Law for the Federal Republic of Germany, which is the German constitution, " mbers of the German Bundestag shall be elected in general, direct, free, equal, and secret elections. They shall be representatives of the whole people, not bound by or ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Essen
Essen (; Latin: ''Assindia'') is the central and, after Dortmund, second-largest city of the Ruhr, the largest urban area in Germany. Its population of makes it the fourth-largest city of North Rhine-Westphalia after Cologne, Düsseldorf and Dortmund, as well as the ninth-largest city of Germany. Essen lies in the larger Rhine-Ruhr Metropolitan Region and is part of the cultural area of Rhineland. Because of its central location in the Ruhr, Essen is often regarded as the Ruhr's "secret capital". Two rivers flow through the city: in the north, the Emscher, the Ruhr area's central river, and in the south, the Ruhr River, which is dammed in Essen to form the Lake Baldeney (''Baldeneysee'') and Lake Kettwig (''Kettwiger See'') reservoirs. The central and northern boroughs of Essen historically belong to the Low German ( Westphalian) language area, and the south of the city to the Low Franconian ( Bergish) area (closely related to Dutch). Essen is seat to several of the region's ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
German Cultural Council
The German Culture Council, or Deutscher Kulturrat in German, is the umbrella organization of the German cultural associations and has its headquarters in Berlin. It is a political and lobbying association, member, for example, of European Movement International. The council is funded by taxpayers. It defines itself as a point of contact for the politics and administration of the German federal government, the German federal states, and the European Union in all cultural policy matters that overlap the individual branches of the German Cultural Council. Its purpose is to bring cross-sectoral issues into cultural policy discussions at all government levels, and "to advocate freedom of the arts, publications and information." In 2018, it called for German talkshows to be shut down for one year. History The association was founded in 1981 as a response to the German Federal government which wanted to abolish the reduced VAT tax on books and visual media. Fifteen arti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alexander Dobrindt
Alexander Dobrindt (born 7 June 1970) is a German politician of the Christian Social Union of Bavaria (CSU). Between 2013 and 2017, he served as Federal Minister of Transport and Digital Infrastructure in the government of Chancellor Angela Merkel. Previously, he was the Secretary General of the Christian Social Union of Bavaria under the leadership of party chairman Horst Seehofer from 2009. Early life Dobrindt was born in Peißenberg, Bavaria. He graduated from the Weilheim Highschool in 1989 and continued his studies in the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich finishing with a Master of Arts in Sociology in 1995. After obtaining his degree, Dobrindt worked at an engineering company as a Financial Director from 1996 to 2001 and as a Managing Director from 2001 to 2005. Political career Dobrindt joined the Junge Union (Junior party of the C.S.U.) in 1986 and 4 years later the Christian Social Union of Bavaria. He has been a member of the German National Parliament (Bundesta ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Christian Social Union In Bavaria
The Christian Social Union in Bavaria (German: , CSU) is a Christian-democratic and conservative political party in Germany. Having a regionalist identity, the CSU operates only in Bavaria while its larger counterpart, the Christian Democratic Union (CDU), operates in the other fifteen states of Germany. It differs from the CDU by being somewhat more conservative in social matters, following Catholic social teaching. The CSU is considered the ''de facto'' successor of the Weimar-era Catholic Bavarian People's Party. At the federal level, the CSU forms a common faction in the Bundestag with the CDU which is frequently referred to as the Union Faction (''die Unionsfraktion'') or simply CDU/CSU. The CSU has 45 seats in the Bundestag since the 2021 federal election, making it currently the second smallest of the seven parties represented. The CSU is a member of the European People's Party and the International Democrat Union. Party leader Markus Söder serves as Minister-Pre ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Markus Söder
Markus Thomas Theodor Söder (born 5 January 1967) is a German politician serving as Minister-President of Bavaria since 2018 and Leader of the Christian Social Union in Bavaria (CSU) since 2019. Background, education and military service Söder was born in Nuremberg and is the son of a building contractor. After graduating from the '' Dürer- Gymnasium'' Nuremberg in 1986, Söder had his year of military service from 1986 to 1987. He then studied law at the University of Erlangen–Nuremberg from 1987, with a scholarship from the Konrad Adenauer Foundation. He passed his first state examination in 1991 and was a research assistant at the department of constitutional, administrative and church law at the same university. In 1998, he was awarded a doctorate in law with a dissertation in legal history entitled "From old German legal traditions to a modern municipal edict: The development of municipal legislation in Bavaria on the right bank of the Rhine between 1802 and 1818". He w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bavaria
Bavaria ( ; ), officially the Free State of Bavaria (german: Freistaat Bayern, link=no ), is a state in the south-east of Germany. With an area of , Bavaria is the largest German state by land area, comprising roughly a fifth of the total land area of Germany. With over 13 million inhabitants, it is second in population only to North Rhine-Westphalia, but due to its large size its population density is below the German average. Bavaria's main cities are Munich (its capital and largest city and also the third largest city in Germany), Nuremberg, and Augsburg. The history of Bavaria includes its earliest settlement by Iron Age Celtic tribes, followed by the conquests of the Roman Empire in the 1st century BC, when the territory was incorporated into the provinces of Raetia and Noricum. It became the Duchy of Bavaria (a stem duchy) in the 6th century AD following the collapse of the Western Roman Empire. It was later incorporated into the Holy Roman Empire, became an ind ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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