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Georges Ripert
Georges Ripert (22 April 1880 – 4 July 1958) was a lawyer who was briefly Secretary of State for Public Instruction and Youth in the Vichy Regime. Early career Ripert received his agrégation in 1906 from the Faculty of Law of Aix. He taught Mercantile and Marine law at Aix. In 1919 he was called to Paris as a substitute for Marcel Planiol. Ripert undertook the revision of the ''Traité pratique de droit civil français'' by Marcel Planiol, which became a work edited by Ripert but with several authors. The 3-volume ''Traité élémentaire de droit civil'' by Planiol et Ripert was rewritten by Ripert and Jean Boulanger. The ''Traité de droit commercial'' was written by Ripert, then by Ripert and René Roblot. Other works were the ''Traité de droit maritime'' and essays such as ''La règle morale dans les obligations civile'' (1926) and ''Le régime démocratique et le droit civil moderne'' (1936). As Dean of the Faculty of Law of Paris he welcomed Jews in the name of Christiani ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ministry Of National Education (France)
Ministry may refer to: Government * Ministry (collective executive), the complete body of government ministers under the leadership of a prime minister * Ministry (government department), a department of a government Religion * Christian ministry, activity by Christians to spread or express their faith ** Minister (Christianity), clergy authorized by a church or religious organization to perform teaching or rituals ** Ordination, the process by which individuals become clergy * Ministry of Jesus, activities described in the Christian gospels * ''Ministry'' (magazine), a magazine for pastors published by the Seventh-day Adventist Church Music * Ministry (band), an American industrial metal band * Ministry of Sound, a London nightclub and record label Fiction * Ministry (comics), a horror comic book created by writer-artist Lara J. Phillips * Ministry of Magic, governing body in the ''Harry Potter'' series * Ministry of Darkness, a professional wrestling stable led by Th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Philippe Pétain
Henri Philippe Benoni Omer Pétain (24 April 1856 – 23 July 1951), commonly known as Philippe Pétain (, ) or Marshal Pétain (french: Maréchal Pétain), was a French general who attained the position of Marshal of France at the end of World War I, during which he became known as The Lion of Verdun (french: le lion de Verdun). From 1940 to 1944, during World War II, he served as head of the collaborationist regime of Vichy France. Pétain, who was 84 years old in 1940, remains the oldest person to become the head of state of France. During World War I, Pétain led the French Army to victory at the nine-month-long Battle of Verdun. After the failed Nivelle Offensive and subsequent mutinies he was appointed Commander-in-Chief and succeeded in repairing the army's confidence. Pétain remained in command for the rest of the war and emerged as a national hero. During the interwar period he was head of the peacetime French Army, commanded joint Franco-Spanish operations during the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1958 Deaths
Events January * January 1 – The European Economic Community (EEC) comes into being. * January 3 – The West Indies Federation is formed. * January 4 ** Edmund Hillary's Commonwealth Trans-Antarctic Expedition completes the third overland journey to the South Pole, the first to use powered vehicles. ** Sputnik 1 (launched on October 4, 1957) falls to Earth from its orbit, and burns up. * January 13 – Battle of Edchera: The Moroccan Army of Liberation ambushes a Spanish patrol. * January 27 – A Soviet-American executive agreement on cultural, educational and scientific exchanges, also known as the " Lacy–Zarubin Agreement", is signed in Washington, D.C. * January 31 – The first successful American satellite, Explorer 1, is launched into orbit. February * February 1 – Egypt and Syria unite, to form the United Arab Republic. * February 6 – Seven Manchester United footballers are among the 21 people killed in the Munich air disaster in West G ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1880 Births
Year 188 (CLXXXVIII) was a leap year starting on Monday of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known in the Roman Empire as the Year of the Consulship of Fuscianus and Silanus (or, less frequently, year 941 ''Ab urbe condita''). The denomination 188 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years. Events By place Roman Empire * Publius Helvius Pertinax becomes pro-consul of Africa from 188 to 189. Japan * Queen Himiko (or Shingi Waō) begins her reign in Japan (until 248). Births * April 4 – Caracalla (or Antoninus), Roman emperor (d. 217) * Lu Ji (or Gongji), Chinese official and politician (d. 219) * Sun Shao, Chinese general of the Eastern Wu state (d. 241) Deaths * March 17 – Julian, pope and patriarch of Alexandria * Fa Zhen (or Gaoqing), Chinese scholar (b. AD 100) * Lucius Antistius Burrus, Roman politician (executed) * Ma Xiang, Chin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Philippe Malaurie
Philippe Malaurie (7 March 1925 – 1 April 2020 ) was a French professor of private law. Life Philippe Malaurie was born on 7 March 1925 in Mainz, Occupation of the Rhineland, occupied by French forces. He became a Doctor of Law at the Paris Faculty of Law in 1951. His thesis was on ''L'order public et le contrat; étude de droit comparé''. He passed his ''agrégation'' in Law in 1951. He taught at the Institut des hautes études in Tunis from 1951 to 1955, at the Faculty of Law in Poitiers from 1955 to 1966, and at the Faculty of Law of Paris from 1966 to 1970, then taught at the University of Paris II. He was dean of the Faculty of Law of Nanterre from 1968 to 1969. He was vice-president of the French Committee of International Private ...[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Liberation Of France
The liberation of France in the Second World War was accomplished through diplomacy, politics and the combined military efforts of the Allied Powers of World War II, Allied Powers, Free French forces in London and Africa, as well as the French Resistance. Battle of France, Nazi Germany invaded France in May 1940. Their rapid advance through the undefended Ardennes caused a crisis in the French government; the French Third Republic dissolved itself in July, and handed over French Constitutional Law of 1940, absolute power to Marshal Philippe Pétain, an elderly hero of World War I. Pétain signed an Armistice of 22 June 1940, armistice with Germany with the north and west of France under German military administration in occupied France during World War II, German military occupation. Pétain, charged with calling a Constitutional Authority, instead established an authoritarian government in the spa town of Vichy, in the southern ''zone libre'' ("free zone"). Though nominally inde ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
René Belin
René Belin (14 April 1898 – 2 January 1977) was a French trade unionist and politician. In the 1930s he became one of the leaders of the French General Confederation of Labour. He was strongly opposed to communism. In the prelude to World War II (1939–45) he favored a policy of appeasement. After the defeat of France, he was Minister of Industrial Production and Minister of Labour in the collaborationist Vichy Government, holding the latter office until April 1942. He oversaw the destruction of unionism. As a result, he was expelled from the CGT in 1944. After the war he tried to form an anti-communist union movement, but with limited success. Life Pre-war René Belin was born on 14 April 1898 at Bourg-en-Bresse, Ain. Belin was a clerk at the telephone company, then a writer at the PTT (Posts, Telegraphs, and Telephones) in 1920. In 1926 he became secretary of the ''Confédération Générale du Travail'' (CGT: General Confederation of Labour) union of postal workers in th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pierre Laval
Pierre Jean Marie Laval (; 28 June 1883 – 15 October 1945) was a French politician. During the Third Republic, he served as Prime Minister of France from 27 January 1931 to 20 February 1932 and 7 June 1935 to 24 January 1936. He again occupied the post during the German occupation, from 18 April 1942 to 20 August 1944. A socialist early in his life, Laval became a lawyer in 1909 and was famous for his defence of strikers, trade unionists and leftists from government prosecution. In 1914, he was elected to the Chamber of Deputies as a member of the Socialist Party, and he remained committed to his pacifist convictions during the First World War. After his defeat in the 1919 election, Laval left the Socialist Party and became mayor of Aubervilliers. In 1924 he returned to the Chamber as an independent, and was elected to the Senate three years later. He also held a series of governmental positions, including Minister of Public Works, Minister of Justice and Minister of Labour ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
René Cassin
René Samuel Cassin (5 October 1887 – 20 February 1976) was a French jurist known for co-authoring the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and receiving the Nobel Peace Prize. Born in Bayonne, Cassin served as a soldier in the First World War during which he was seriously wounded. On 24 June 1940, during the Second World War, Cassin heeded General Charles de Gaulle's radio appeal and joined him in London. Cassin used his legal expertise to help de Gaulle's Free French. Between 1944 and 1959, Cassin was a member of the Council of State. Seconded to the UN Commission on Human Rights after the war, he was a major contributor to the 1948 Universal Declaration of Human Rights. For that work, he received the Nobel Peace Prize in 1968. The same year, he was awarded one of the UN General Assembly's Human Rights Prizes. Early life Cassin was born in Bayonne on 5 October 1887, to a Sephardi Jewish family. He grew up in Nice, where he attended the , and graduated with a b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Émile Mireaux
Émile Mireaux (21 August 1885 – 27 December 1969) was a French economist, journalist, politician and literary historian. In the 1930s he edited ''Le Temps'' and contributed to other right-leaning journals. He became a senator in 1936, and briefly served as a minister in 1940. From 1940 until his death he held a chair in political economy, statistics and finance at the Académie des Sciences Morales et Politiques. Early years Émile Mireaux was born in Mont-de-Marsan, Landes, on 21 August 1885. His father was of Pyrenean origin, was an ordnance officer under General Georges Ernest Boulanger and was serving in the Mont-de-Marsan garrison. His father died when Émile was three years old. After this Émile lived as a boarder at Tarbes and then as an officer's son at the Prytanée National Militaire in La Flèche, where he developed a love of rugby football. Mireaux was a brilliant secondary school student. He entered the École Normale Supérieure in 1906, and graduated in History ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
René Roblot
René Roblot (28 October 1913 – 1992) was a French jurist who specialized in commercial law. He is known as co-author of the ''Traité de droit commercial'', which ran into over 19 editions. Life René Roblot was born on 28 October 1913. He studied at the Faculty of Law of the University of Paris, and published his thesis on ''La Justice criminelle en France sous la Terreur'' in 1937. He taught at Nancy-Université and at the European University Centre. Roblot was Professor of private law, specializing in commercial law, at the Nancy Faculty of Law. He was Dean of the Faculty of Law from 1956 to 1961. Georges Ripert 's ''Traité de droit commercial'' (1914) was later revised and republished by Ripert and Roblot. Roblot supported supranationalist institutions in Europe. The European University Centre, of which he was secretary-general, had been created after the Congress of Europe of 9 May 1948 to "provide the cause of European unity with a fresh batch of militant elites". He ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marcel Planiol
Marcel Planiol (23 September 1853 – 31 August 1931) was a French professor of law at the University of Rennes, then at the Sorbonne. He wrote on the law and on historical Brittany. He is known for his ''Elementary Treatise of Civil Law'' (1901), which attempted to explain French civil law in terms of elementary principles, particularly the maxims of Roman law. Life Marcel Planiol was born on 23 September 1853 in Nantes, Atlantique. His parents were Amand Planiol and Julie Élisabeth Laporte. He married in Rennes on 4 May 1885 to Madeleine Jeanne Claudel (1864–1947). They had a son, "Maurice" Amand Jules Planiol (1886–1963). Planiol studied at the Faculty of Law of Paris, and wrote his thesis on ''Droit romain : Des bénéfices accordés aux héritiers. Droit français : Du bénéfice d'inventaire'' in 1879. He obtained his '' agrégation'' (teaching license) in 1880, and was accepted by the University of Grenoble as a teacher of civil law, Roman law and tax law. He was elec ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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