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George Plant
George Plant (5 January 1904 – 5 March 1942) was a member of the Irish Republican Army (1922–1969), Irish Republican Army (IRA) who was executed by the Irish Government in 1942. Early life, IRA service, arrest and prison George Plant was born into a Church of Ireland farming family in Fethard, County Tipperary, Fethard County Tipperary on 5 January 1904, the second eldest child and son in a family of six children. His parents were John William Albert Plant, a farmer, and Catherine Hayden. One Sunday in 1916 George and his older brother Jimmy were arrested by the Royal Irish Constabulary (RIC) after being seen speaking to two well known Irish republicanism, Republicans, Seán Hayes (Tipperary politician), Seán Hayes and Dan Breen. In custody the two brothers were beaten and mistreated; they both developed a hatred of the RIC. George Plant served with the Third Tipperary Brigade of the IRA during the Irish War of Independence and with the Anti-Treaty IRA in the Irish civil w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Irish Republican Army (1922–1969)
The Irish Republican Army of 1922–1969, an anti-Treaty sub-group of the original Irish Republican Army (1919-1922), fought against the Irish Free State in the Irish Civil War, and its successors up to 1969, when the IRA split again into the Provisional IRA and Official IRA. The original Irish Republican Army fought a guerrilla war against British rule in Ireland in the Irish War of Independence between 1919 and 1921. Following the signing of the Anglo-Irish Treaty on 6 December 1921, the IRA in the 26 counties that were to become the Irish Free State split between supporters and opponents of the Treaty. The anti-Treatyites, sometimes referred to by Free State forces as "Irregulars", continued to use the name "Irish Republican Army" (IRA) or in Irish ''Óglaigh na hÉireann'', as did the organisation in Northern Ireland which originally supported the pro-Treaty side (if not the Treaty). ''Óglaigh na hÉireann'' was also adopted as the name of the pro-Treaty National Army, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
S-Plan
The S-Plan or Sabotage Campaign or England Campaign was a campaign of bombing and sabotage against the civil, economic and military infrastructure of the United Kingdom from 1939 to 1940, conducted by members of the Irish Republican Army (IRA). It was conceived by Seamus O'Donovan in 1938 at the request of then IRA Chief of Staff Seán Russell. Russell and Joseph McGarrity are thought to have formulated the strategy in 1936. Immediate context Following a power struggle within the IRA during the mid-1930s, Seán Russell was reinstated to the IRA in April 1938 and elected to the IRA Army Council ''in absentia''. At a subsequent IRA General Army Convention, Russell and his supporters secured enough support to get a controlling majority vote within the Army Council and for Russell himself to be named Chief of Staff, the head of the organisation.English, pg 60 It was at this time that Russell began the process of preparing for a campaign of attacks on British soil – a strategy he ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Irish Army
The Irish Army, known simply as the Army ( ga, an tArm), is the land component of the Defence Forces of Ireland.The Defence Forces are made up of the Permanent Defence Forces – the standing branches – and the Reserve Defence Forces. The Army is part of the PDF. Approximately 7,300 people served in the Irish Army on a permanent basis , and there were 1,600 active reservists, divided into two geographically organised brigades. By late September 2020, this had reduced to 6,878 permanent army personnel. As well as maintaining its primary roles of defending the State and internal security within the State, since 1958 the Army has had a continuous presence in peacekeeping missions around the world. The Army also participates in the European Union Battlegroups. The Air Corps and Naval Service support the Army in carrying out its roles. Roles of the Army The roles of the Army are: * To defend the Irish state against armed aggression. * To give aid to the civil power (ATCP). Th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Seán McCaughey
Seán McCaughey (Irish: Seán Mac Eóchaidh) (1915 – 11 May 1946) was an Irish Republican Army leader in the 1930s and 1940s and hunger striker. Background McCaughey was born in Aughnacloy, County Tyrone in 1915 and in 1921 his family moved to Ardoyne in Belfast. McCaughey was Adjutant-General of the IRA and Officer Commanding (O/C) of its Northern Command. McCaughey was held in high regard and was considered to be one of the best officers of the northern IRA. At the time of his arrest in Rathmines, Dublin on 2 September 1941 he was acting Chief of Staff. Trial and Imprisonment In September 1941 he was found guilty by a Dublin court of having detained and assaulted Stephen Hayes, IRA Chief of Staff who was accused of being a spy for the Irish Free State government. McCaughey was sentenced to death by firing squad. His sentence was commuted to a life sentence of penal servitude. Imprisoned in Portlaoise Prison (24 July 1941), McCaughey refused to wear prison clothes, was ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Special Criminal Court
The Special Criminal Court (SCC; ga, Cúirt Choiriúil Speisialta) is a juryless criminal court in Ireland which tries terrorism and serious organised crime cases. Legal basis Article 38 of the Constitution of Ireland empowers the Dáil to establish "special courts" with wide-ranging powers when the "ordinary courts are inadequate to secure the effective administration of justice". The ''Offences against the State Act 1939'' led to the establishment of the Special Criminal Court for the trial of certain offences. The scope of a "scheduled offence" is set out in the Offences Against the State (Scheduled Offences) Order 1972 as encompassing offences under:Joseph Kavanagh v. Ireland, United Nations Human Rights Committee Communication No. 819/1998U.N. Doc. CCPR/C/71/D/819/1998 (2001). * Malicious Damage Act 1861 * ''Explosive Substances Act 1883'' * ''Firearms Act 1925 to 1971'' * ''Offences against the State Act 1939'' A further class of offences was added by Statutory Inst ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Safe House
A safe house (also spelled safehouse) is, in a generic sense, a secret place for sanctuary or suitable to hide people from the law, hostile actors or actions, or from retribution, threats or perceived danger. It may also be a metaphor. Historical usage It may also refer to: * in the jargon of law enforcement and intelligence agencies, a secure location, suitable for hiding witnesses, agents or other persons perceived as being in danger * a place where people may go to avoid prosecution of their activities by authorities. Osama bin Laden's compound in Abbottabad has been described as a "safe house". * a place where spying undercover hitmen may conduct clandestine observations or meet other operatives surreptitiously * a location where a trusted adult or family or charity organization provides a haven for victims of domestic abuse (see also: men and/or women's shelter or refuge) * a home of a trusted person, family or organization where victims of war and/or persecution may tak ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Officer Commanding
The officer commanding (OC), also known as the officer in command or officer in charge (OiC), is the commander of a sub-unit or minor unit (smaller than battalion size), principally used in the United Kingdom and Commonwealth. In other countries, the term commanding officer is applied to commanders of minor as well as major units. Normally an officer commanding is a company, squadron or battery commander (typically a major, although formerly a captain in infantry and cavalry units). However, the commanders of independent units of smaller than company size, detachments and administrative organisations, such as schools or wings, may also be designated officers commanding. The term "officer commanding" is not applied to every officer who is given command of a minor unit. For example, a platoon commander whose platoon is part of a company would not be an officer commanding. The officer commanding with power over that platoon would be the company OC. "Officer commanding" is an appoint ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Quartermaster
Quartermaster is a military term, the meaning of which depends on the country and service. In land armies, a quartermaster is generally a relatively senior soldier who supervises stores or barracks and distributes supplies and provisions. In many navies, a quartermaster is an officer with particular responsibility for steering and signals. The seaman is a non-commissioned officer (petty officer) rank; in some others, it is not a rank but a role related to navigation. The term appears to derive from the title of a German royal official, the . This term meant "master of quarters" (where "quarters" refers to lodging or accommodation). Alternatively, it could have been derived from "master of the quarterdeck" where the helmsman and captain controlled the ship. The term's first use in English was as a naval term, which entered English in the 15th century via the equivalent French and Dutch naval titles and , respectively. The term began to refer to army officers in English aroun ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
County Wexford
County Wexford ( ga, Contae Loch Garman) is a county in Ireland. It is in the province of Leinster and is part of the Southern Region. Named after the town of Wexford, it was based on the historic Gaelic territory of Hy Kinsella (''Uí Ceinnsealaigh''), whose capital was Ferns. Wexford County Council is the local authority for the county. The population of the county was 149,722 at the 2016 census. History The county is rich in evidence of early human habitation.Stout, Geraldine. "Essay 1: Wexford in Prehistory 5000 B.C. to 300 AD" in ''Wexford: History and Society'', pp 1 - 39. ''Portal tombs'' (sometimes called dolmens) exist at Ballybrittas (on Bree Hill) and at Newbawn — and date from the Neolithic period or earlier. Remains from the Bronze Age period are far more widespread. Early Irish tribes formed the Kingdom of Uí Cheinnsealaig, an area that was slightly larger than the current County Wexford. County Wexford was one of the earliest areas of Ireland to be C ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Garda Síochána
(; meaning "the Guardian(s) of the Peace"), more commonly referred to as the Gardaí (; "Guardians") or "the Guards", is the national police service of Ireland. The service is headed by the Garda Commissioner who is appointed by the Irish Government. Its headquarters are in Dublin's Phoenix Park. Since the formation of the in 1923, it has been a predominantly unarmed force, and more than three-quarters of the force do not routinely carry firearms. As of 31 December 2019, the police service had 14,708 sworn members (including 458 sworn Reserve members) and 2,944 civilian staff. Operationally, the is organised into four geographical regions: the East, North/West, South and Dublin Metropolitan regions. The force is the main law enforcement agency in the state, acting at local and national levels. Its roles include crime detection and prevention, drug enforcement, road traffic enforcement and accident investigation, diplomatic and witness protection responsibilities. It also pro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lansdowne Road
Lansdowne Road Stadium ( ga, Bóthar Lansdún, ) was a stadium in Dublin owned by the Irish Rugby Football Union (IRFU) that was primarily used for rugby union and association football matches. The stadium was demolished in 2007 to make way for the Aviva Stadium on the same site, which opened in 2010. The stadium took its name from the adjacent street, Lansdowne Road. Location The stadium was situated in the neighbourhood of Ballsbridge in the city's Dublin 4 area. The stadium had convenient public transport links as the Lansdowne Road station of the Dublin Area Rapid Transit rail system is adjacent to the site and passed directly underneath the West Stand. The stadium was named after the nearby road, which in turn was named after William Petty-FitzMaurice, 1st Marquess of Lansdowne. The Marquis was also the Earl of Shelburne, and nearby Shelbourne Road is also named after him. Uses The stadium had a total capacity of 49,250, with 25,000 seats. However, competitive interna ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stephen Hayes (Irish Republican)
Stephen Hayes (26 December 1902 – 28 December 1974) was a member and leader of the Irish Republican Army from April 1939 to June 1941. Early life Hayes was born in Enniscorthy, County Wexford."Stephen Hayes dies at 71", ''Irish Independent'', 30 December 1974. During the Irish War of Independence, he was commandant of the Wexford Brigade of Fianna Éireann. He took the Anti-Treaty side during the Irish Civil War, during which he was interned. During the 1936 legislative period of the 8th Dáil Hayes was one of two candidates representing the Irish republican political party Cumann Poblachta na hÉireann. In the Wexford by-election and polled a 2.85 percent share of the vote. Hayes was active in Gaelic Athletic Association circles in Wexford. In 1925, he helped Wexford win the Leinster Senior Football title. He also served as secretary to the county board for ten years, from the 1920s to 1930s. IRA activities Hayes joined the IRA and was on the IRA Army Council in Jan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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