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George Hughes (engineer)
George Hughes (9 October 1865 – 27 October 1945) was an English locomotive engineer, and chief mechanical engineer (CME) of the Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway (L&YR) and the London, Midland and Scottish Railway (LMS). Biography George Hughes was born on 9 October 1865 and served a premium apprenticeship at the London and North Western Railway (LNWR) Crewe Works between 1882 and 1886. At the L&YR he started in the test room, and Bulleid notes the L&YR's John Aspinall was most pleased with his work there. He progressed through various positions at the L&YR culminating in achieving in becoming chief mechanical engineer in March 1904. He introduced the L&YR locomotive classification system around 1919. When the L&YR amalgamated into the LNWR in January 1922 he became the CME of the combined group and was appointed the CME of the LMS on its formation at the 1923 grouping. He retired in July 1925 after only two and a half years at the LMS. He was succeeded by Henry Fowle ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Benwick
Benwick is a village and civil parish in the Fenland district of Cambridgeshire, England. It is approximately from Peterborough and from Cambridge. The population of Benwick was recorded as 1137 in the United Kingdom Census 2011 with 452 households. The River Nene (Old Course) (part of the Middle Level Navigations) passes through the village, which is thus accessible by boat from the inland waterways network in England. History The settlement's name is derived from the Old English ''bean'' or ''beam'', and ''wic'', meaning "farm where beans are grown" or "farm by a tree-trunk." Benwick's High Street is built on a roddon; the silt banks of the old West Water river. The earliest records of village refer to a garrison built in Benwick by Geoffrey de Mandeville in 1143. In 1221, Benwick had 15 tenants and by 1251, 32. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
L&YR Class 5
The Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway Class5 were 2-4-2T steam locomotives designed by Chief Mechanical Engineer (CME) John Aspinall and introduced from 1889 for local passenger work. Later batches included progressive modifications such as extended coal bunkers and belpaire fireboxes. The final batch built from 1911 to 1914 under George Hughes incorporating superheated boilers and belpaire firebox gave increased tractive effort, others were also rebuilt to this standard. When Hughes introduced his classification system in 1919, the more powerful superheated locomotives were designated Class6. The final examples were withdrawn in 1961. Development Aspinall John Aspinall was from the Great Southern and Western Railway (GS&WR) of Ireland, and had succeeded Barton Wright in 1886 with the goal of continuing Wright's policy of standardisation on a minimum number of locomotive classes. Aspinall built more of slightly modified versions of Wright's 0-6-0 and 4-4-0 designs but w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Overhead Lines
An overhead line or overhead wire is an electrical cable that is used to transmit electrical energy to electric locomotives, trolleybuses or trams. It is known variously as: * Overhead catenary * Overhead contact system (OCS) * Overhead equipment (OHE) * Overhead line equipment (OLE or OHLE) * Overhead lines (OHL) * Overhead wiring (OHW) * Traction wire * Trolley wire This article follows the International Union of Railways in using the generic term ''overhead line''. An overhead line consists of one or more wires (or rails, particularly in tunnels) situated over rail tracks, raised to a high electrical potential by connection to feeder stations at regular intervals. The feeder stations are usually fed from a high-voltage electrical grid. Overview Electric trains that collect their current from overhead lines use a device such as a pantograph, bow collector or trolley pole. It presses against the underside of the lowest overhead wire, the contact wire. Current collectors are ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Third Rail
A third rail, also known as a live rail, electric rail or conductor rail, is a method of providing electric power to a railway locomotive or train, through a semi-continuous rigid conductor placed alongside or between the rails of a railway track. It is used typically in a mass transit or rapid transit system, which has alignments in its own corridors, fully or almost fully segregated from the outside environment. Third rail systems are usually supplied from direct current electricity. Modern tram systems, street-running, avoid the risk of electrocution by the exposed electric rail by implementing a segmented ground-level power supply, where each segment is electrified only while covered by a vehicle which is using its power. The third-rail system of electrification is not related to the third rail used in dual gauge railways. Description Third-rail systems are a means of providing electric traction power to trains using an additional rail (called a "conductor rail") fo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
LYR Electric Units
The Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway (LYR) built suburban electric stock for lines in Liverpool and Manchester. The line between Liverpool to Southport began using electric multiple units (EMUs) on 22 March 1904, using a third rail 625 V DC. Additional trains were later built for this route, and in 1913 incompatible stock for the route to Ormskirk. Lightweight units were built to run on the Liverpool Overhead Railway. The Southport units were replaced in the early 1940s; after regular through services onto the LOR were withdrawn the lightweight units were used on local Crossens services until 1945; the Ormskirk units were withdrawn in 1964. In 1913, an experimental 3.5 kV DC overhead line system operated between Bury and Holcombe Brook in the Manchester area, and 1.2 kV DC with a side-contact third rail between Manchester Victoria and Bury. Electric services started in 1916, the Bury to Holcombe Brook route being converted in 1918. The cars were replaced in 1959/60. Liverpool Li ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
L&YR Hughes 4-6-4T
The Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway Hughes 4-6-4T was a class of steam locomotives. They were a 4-6-4T tank engine version of the L&YR Class 8 ("Dreadnought" Class 4-6-0), hence they were known as "Dreadnought tanks". Construction All were actually built by the London, Midland and Scottish Railway in 1924 after the grouping, albeit at the Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway's Horwich Works. Numbering They had been allocated L&Y numbers 1684–1693, but these were never carried and there was no L&YR class number. The LMS gave them the numbers 11110–11119, and the power classification A number of different numbering and classification schemes were used for the locomotives owned by the London, Midland and Scottish Railway (LMS) and its constituent companies; this page explains the principal systems that were used. The followi ... 5P. Orders modified or cancelled Another 20 of this class were ordered but turned out as further examples of the L&YR Class 8. Orders for an add ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
LMS Fowler 2-6-4T
The London, Midland and Scottish Railway (LMS) Fowler 2-6-4T was a class of steam locomotive passenger tank engine designed by Henry Fowler. Construction 125 examples of the class were built. The last 30 numbered 2395 to 2424 were fitted with side-windows and doors to their cabs.Ian Allan abc British Railways Locomotives 1960 The LMS classified them 4P, BR 4MT. They were the basis for a family of subsequent LMS/BR Class 4 2-6-4T locomotives. The Irish Northern Counties Committee (NCC) Class W 2-6-0 moguls were also strongly influenced by this class, albeit the driving wheel diameter was three inches greater to match the NCC practice. The cylinder and piston valve design and the setting of the Walschaerts valve gear, allowing a maximum travel of in full gear, was believed by O. S. Nock to subsequently lead to the "outstanding success" of the class. Operational use Most of the class were used on longer-distance commuter trains from stations in London, Manchester and other la ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mixed-traffic Locomotive
A locomotive or engine is a rail transport vehicle that provides the motive power for a train. If a locomotive is capable of carrying a payload, it is usually rather referred to as a multiple unit, motor coach, railcar or power car; the use of these self-propelled vehicles is increasingly common for passenger trains, but rare for freight (see CargoSprinter). Traditionally, locomotives pulled trains from the front. However, push-pull operation has become common, where the train may have a locomotive (or locomotives) at the front, at the rear, or at each end. Most recently railroads have begun adopting DPU or distributed power. The front may have one or two locomotives followed by a mid-train locomotive that is controlled remotely from the lead unit. __TOC__ Etymology The word ''locomotive'' originates from the Latin 'from a place', ablative of 'place', and the Medieval Latin 'causing motion', and is a shortened form of the term ''locomotive engine'', which was first us ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Power Classification
A number of different numbering and classification schemes were used for the locomotives owned by the London, Midland and Scottish Railway (LMS) and its constituent companies; this page explains the principal systems that were used. The following abbreviations for the constituent companies are used on this page: * ''Principal Constituents'' Caledonian Railway (CR), Furness Railway (FR), Glasgow and South Western Railway (GSWR), Highland Railway (HR), Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway (LYR), London and North Western Railway (LNWR), Maryport and Carlisle Railway (MCR), Midland Railway (MR), North London Railway (NLR) and North Staffordshire Railway (NSR) * ''Minor Companies'' Cleator and Workington Junction Railway (C&WJR), Glasgow and Paisley Joint Railway (G&PJR), Knott End Railway (KER), Stratford-upon-Avon and Midland Junction Railway (S&MJR), and Wirral Railway (WR) * ''Later Additions'' Somerset and Dorset Joint Railway (S&DJR) - absorbed October 1936 For information a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
LMS Hughes Crab
The London Midland and Scottish Railway (LMS) Hughes Crab or Horwich Mogul is a class of mixed-traffic 2-6-0 steam locomotive built between 1926 and 1932. They are noted for their appearance with large steeply-angled cylinders to accommodate a restricted loading gauge A loading gauge is a diagram or physical structure that defines the maximum height and width dimensions in railway vehicles and their loads. Their purpose is to ensure that rail vehicles can pass safely through tunnels and under bridges, and ke .... Overview Designed by George Hughes (engineer), George Hughes, Chief Mechanical Engineer of the LMS, and built at the ex-Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway, L&YR works at Horwich railway works, Horwich and the ex-London and North Western Railway, LNWR works at Crewe. The inspiration came from a Caledonian Railway design at the grouping, however the cylinders were too large for the LMS's English section's loading gauge, resulting in Hughes having to adapt the co ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
L&YR 2-10-0 (Hughes)
The L&YR 2-10-0 was a prospective design for a class of 2-10-0 steam locomotives on the Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway. Initial designs were made by George Hughes between 1913 and 1914, but none of the class were built. If they had been, these would have been the UK's first 10-coupled locomotives in regular service. Background Locomotives with ten driving wheels were rare in British railway history. One specialist exception, the GER Decapod, had been built in 1902, but the main heavy mineral locomotive design was the 0-8-0, on both the L&YR and the LNWR. Train weights were increasing though and there was some demand for a more powerful locomotive, particularly for the steep gradients across the Pennines from the Lancashire Coalfield to the port of Goole. It was felt that a more powerful single locomotive would avoid the need for double-heading on coal trains. In August 1913, John Aspinall was on holiday in the spa and railway town of Bad Homburg, Germany. Impressed by the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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