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George Friedrich Knapp
Georg Friedrich Knapp (; March 7, 1842 – February 20, 1926) was a German economist who in 1905 published ''The State Theory of Money'', which founded the chartalist school of monetary theory, which argues that money's value derives from its issuance by an institutional form of government rather than spontaneously through relations of exchange. Biography Knapp was born on March 7, 1842. His father was the acclaimed chemist Friedrich Ludwig Knapp. Knapp studied in Munich, Berlin and Göttingen, and in 1867 became director of the Statistical Bureau of Leipzig. In 1869 he was appointed assistant professor of economics and statistics in the University of Leipzig. In 1874 he was appointed a professor of political economy at the University of Strasbourg, where he remained until 1918. He was also rector at Strasbourg in 1891–1892 and 1907–1908. In 1886, he founded the periodical ''Abhandlungen aus dem staatswissenschaftlichen Seminar zu Strassburg''. Family Knapp was the fat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chartalism
In macroeconomics, chartalism is a heterodox theory of money that argues that money originated historically with states' attempts to direct economic activity rather than as a spontaneous solution to the problems with barter or as a means with which to tokenize debt, and that fiat currency has value in exchange because of sovereign power to levy taxes on economic activity payable in the currency they issue. Background George Friedrich Knapp, a German economist, invented the term "chartalism" in his ''State Theory of Money'', which was published in German in 1905 and translated into English in 1924. The name derives from the Latin ''charta'', in the sense of a token or ticket. Knapp argued that "money is a creature of law" rather than a commodity. Knapp contrasted his state theory of money with "metallism", as embodied at the time in the gold standard, where the value of a unit of currency depended on the quantity of precious metal it contained or could be exchanged for. He argued ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Friedrich Ludwig Knapp
Friedrich Ludwig Knapp (February 22, 1814, Michelstadt, Grand Duchy of Hesse – June 8, 1904, Braunschweig) was a German chemist. He was the father of economist Georg Friedrich Knapp and the grandfather of social reformer Elly Heuss-Knapp. Biography He trained as a pharmacist in Darmstadt, then studied chemistry under Justus von Liebig at the University of Giessen (whose sister Katharina Elisabeth Liebig he married in 1841). He worked at the mint in Paris as an assayer, and in 1841 became an associate professor of technology at Giessen. From 1847 to 1853 he was a full professor at the university, then relocated to Munich, where he became a technical director at the Nymphenburg Porcelain Manufactory. In 1863 he went to Brunswick (german: link=no, Braunschweig) to teach classes in chemistry at the polytechnic school.Knapp, Friedrich In: N ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
