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Geoffrey De Mowbray (died 1300)
Sir Geoffrey de Mowbray (died 1300), Justiciar of Lothian, Baron of Dalmeny, Lord of Barnbougle and Inverkeithing was a 13th-14th century Scottish noble. Life Mowbray was appointed at the Scone parliament of 2 April 1286, together with the bishop of Brechin, the abbot of Jedburgh to seek out King Edward I of England in Gascony and ask for his advice and protection and liberty of Penrith. They were received by Edward I on 15 September 1286 in Saintes, Gascony. He was one of the sealers of Treaty of Birgham, intended to secure the independence of Scotland after the death of King Alexander III and the accession of his granddaughter Margaret in 1286. Geoffrey also ratified at the Scottish parliament at Dumferline, the treaty between France and Scotland on 23 February 1296. He was part of the inner circle of the Balliol administration, during the reign of King John of Scotland John Balliol ( – late 1314), known derisively as ''Toom Tabard'' (meaning "empty coat" – coat of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Justiciar Of Lothian
The Justiciar of Lothian (in Norman-Latin, ''Justiciarus Laudonie'') was an important legal office in the High Medieval Kingdom of Scotland. The Justiciars of Lothian were responsible for the administration of royal justice in the province of Lothian, a much larger area than the modern Lothian, covering Scotland south of the Forth and Clyde, outwith Galloway, which had its own Justiciar of Galloway and the lands north of the River Forth and River Clyde by the Justiciar of Scotia. The institution may date to the reign of King David I (died 1153), whose godson David Olifard was the first attested Justiciar. The Justiciars of Lothian, although not magnates of the stature of the typical Justiciar of Scotia, were significant landowners and not creatures of the kings. List of Justiciars of Lothian, (incomplete) * David Olifard (c.1165–c.1170) * Robert Avenel, Richard Comyn, Robert de Quincy, Geoffrey de Melville (c.1170xc.1178) * Walter Olifard the Elder (c.1178–c.1188) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Auld Alliance
The Auld Alliance ( Scots for "Old Alliance"; ; ) is an alliance made in 1295 between the kingdoms of Scotland and France against England. The Scots word ''auld'', meaning ''old'', has become a partly affectionate term for the long-lasting association between the two countries. Although the alliance was never formally revoked, it is considered by some to have ended with the signing of the Treaty of Edinburgh in 1560. The alliance played a significant role in the relations among Scotland, France and England. The alliance was renewed by all the French and Scottish monarchs of that period except Louis XI. By the late 14th century, the renewal occurred regardless of whether either kingdom was at war with England at the time.BONNER, ELIZABETH. “Scotland’s ‘Auld Alliance’ with France, 1295–1560.” ''History'', vol. 84, no. 273, Wiley, 1999, pp. 5–30, . The alliance began with the treaty signed by John Balliol and Philip IV of France in 1295 against Edward I of Engl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
13th-century Scottish People
The 13th century was the century which lasted from January 1, 1201 ( MCCI) through December 31, 1300 ( MCCC) in accordance with the Julian calendar. The Mongol Empire was founded by Genghis Khan, which stretched from Eastern Asia to Eastern Europe. The conquests of Hulagu Khan and other Mongol invasions changed the course of the Muslim world, most notably the Siege of Baghdad (1258), the destruction of the House of Wisdom and the weakening of the Mamluks and Rums which, according to historians, caused the decline of the Islamic Golden Age. Other Muslim powers such as the Mali Empire and Delhi Sultanate conquered large parts of West Africa and the Indian subcontinent, while Buddhism witnessed a decline through the conquest led by Bakhtiyar Khilji. The Southern Song dynasty would begin the century as a prosperous kingdom but would eventually be invaded and annexed into the Yuan dynasty of the Mongols. The Kamakura Shogunate of Japan would be invaded by the Mongols. Goryeo resiste ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dominican Order
The Order of Preachers ( la, Ordo Praedicatorum) abbreviated OP, also known as the Dominicans, is a Catholic mendicant order of Pontifical Right for men founded in Toulouse, France, by the Spanish priest, saint and mystic Dominic of Caleruega. It was approved by Pope Honorius III via the papal bull ''Religiosam vitam'' on 22 December 1216. Members of the order, who are referred to as ''Dominicans'', generally carry the letters ''OP'' after their names, standing for ''Ordinis Praedicatorum'', meaning ''of the Order of Preachers''. Membership in the order includes friars, nuns, active sisters, and lay or secular Dominicans (formerly known as tertiaries). More recently there has been a growing number of associates of the religious sisters who are unrelated to the tertiaries. Founded to preach the Gospel and to oppose heresy, the teaching activity of the order and its scholastic organisation placed the Preachers in the forefront of the intellectual life of the Middle Ag ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Philip Mowbray
Sir Philip Mowbray or Philip de Mowbray (died 1318) was a Scottish noble who opposed Robert the Bruce in the Wars of Scottish Independence. He later changed his allegiance to Scotland and was killed in 1318 fighting in Ireland. Life He was the son of Sir Geoffrey de Mowbray and a daughter of John I Comyn, Lord of Badenoch and Alice de Ros. Philip married Eva de Umfraville, Lady Redcastle, daughter and heiress of Ingram de Umfraville. In 1307, he was at the head of an English force of 1,000 men going from Bothwell Castle to Kyle when they were ambushed by Bruce's ally Sir James Douglas. While his forces retreated to Bothwell, Mowbray, who had lost his sword, fled a long way to Inverkip Castle. According to John Barbour's ''The Brus'': He subsequently was made Governor of Stirling Castle which was held by English forces. It came under prolonged siege from Edward Bruce, the King's younger brother, and in 1314 they made a deal that the castle would return to Scottish control u ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Roger De Mowbray (died 1320)
Sir Roger de Mowbray of Barnbougle and Dalmeny (d. 1320), was 13th-14th century Scottish noble. He was tried for treason against King Robert I of Scotland having died of wounds suffered during his capture. Life Roger was the son of Geoffrey de Mowbray Geoffrey de Montbray (Montbrai, Mowbray) (died 1093), bishop of Coutances ( la, Constantiensis), also known as Geoffrey of Coutances, was a Norman nobleman, trusted adviser of William the Conqueror and a great :wikt:secular, secular prelate, warr ... and a daughter of John Comyn, Lord of Badenoch and Alice de Ros. He held the office of Standard Bearer of Scotland and signed the Declaration of Arbroath in 1320 and then was arrested later in 1320 for treason for plotting to overthrow King Robert I. He died of wounds suffered during his arrest. Roger's corpse was brought to Parliament in a litter and was found guilty and sentenced to be drawn, hanged and beheaded. King Robert I gave clemency and his body was allowed to be buri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
John I Comyn, Lord Of Badenoch
John Comyn (Cumyn) (c. 1215 – c. 1275) was Lord of Badenoch in Scotland. He was Justiciar of Galloway in 1258. He held lands in Nithsdale (Dalswinton, a Comyn stronghold, and Duncow) and Tynedale. Life The Comyn family were in effective power in Scotland from 1249 to 1255, when Alexander III of Scotland was a minor; John was one of those with court influence. The Comyns were ousted by Alan Durward, but returned to power in 1257-8, before provoking a strong English reaction. He fought for Henry III of England at the Battle of Lewes (1265), with John Baliol the elder and Robert Bruce the elder, and was captured. In 1267 he was given licence to crenellate Tarset Castle in Tynedale (by present-day Lanehead, near Hexham), by Henry III; Tarset had previously been held by Walter Comyn. He started the construction of Blair Castle with a tower built in 1269. The place was soon taken back by David, Earl of Atholl. John was the son of a Richard Comyn and was the grandson ( ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Guy De Beauchamp, 10th Earl Of Warwick
Guy de Beauchamp, 10th Earl of Warwick (c. 127212 August 1315) was an English magnate, and one of the principal opponents of King Edward II and his favourite, Piers Gaveston. Guy was the son of William de Beauchamp, the first Beauchamp earl of Warwick, and succeeded his father in 1298. He distinguished himself at the Battle of Falkirk and subsequently, as a capable servant of the crown under King Edward I. After the succession of Edward II in 1307, however, he soon fell out with the new king and the king's favourite, Piers Gaveston. Warwick was one of the main architects behind the Ordinances of 1311, that limited the powers of the king and banished Gaveston into exile. When Gaveston returned to England in 1312—contrary to the rulings of the Ordinances—he was taken into custody by Aymer de Valence, 2nd Earl of Pembroke. Warwick abducted Gaveston and, together with Thomas, 2nd Earl of Lancaster, had him executed. The act garnered sympathy and support for the king, but Warw ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
John Balliol
John Balliol ( – late 1314), known derisively as ''Toom Tabard'' (meaning "empty coat" – coat of arms), was King of Scots from 1292 to 1296. Little is known of his early life. After the death of Margaret, Maid of Norway, Scotland entered an interregnum during which several competitors for the Crown of Scotland put forward claims. Balliol was chosen from among them as the new King of Scotland by a group of selected noblemen headed by King Edward I of England. Edward used his influence over the process to subjugate Scotland and undermined Balliol's personal reign by treating Scotland as a vassal of England. Edward's influence in Scottish affairs tainted Balliol's reign, and the Scottish nobility deposed him and appointed a Council of Twelve to rule instead. This council signed a treaty with France known as the Auld Alliance. In retaliation, Edward invaded Scotland, starting the Wars of Scottish Independence. After a Scottish defeat in 1296, Balliol abdicated and was impriso ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Margaret, Maid Of Norway
Margaret (, ; March or April 1283 – September 1290), known as the Maid of Norway, was the queen-designate of Scotland from 1286 until her death. As she was never inaugurated, her status as monarch is uncertain and has been debated by historians. Margaret was the daughter of King Eric II of Norway and Margaret of Scotland. By the end of the reign of her maternal grandfather, King Alexander III of Scotland, she was his only surviving descendant and recognized heir presumptive. Alexander III died in 1286, his posthumous child was stillborn, and Margaret inherited the crown. Owing to her young age, she remained in Norway rather than going to Scotland. Her father and the Scottish leaders negotiated her marriage to Edward of Caernarfon, son of King Edward I of England. She was finally sent to Great Britain in September 1290, but died in Orkney, sparking off the succession dispute between thirteen competitors for the crown of Scotland. Infancy Margaret, Maid of Norway, was the onl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dalmeny
Dalmeny ( gd, Dùn Mheinidh, IPA: t̪uːnˈvenɪʝ is a village and civil parish in Scotland. It is located on the south side of the Firth of Forth, southeast of South Queensferry and west of Edinburgh city centre. It lies within the traditional boundaries of West Lothian, and falls under the local governance of the City of Edinburgh Council. Name history "Dal" is a common prefix in south-east Scotland and north-west England and comes from the Cumbric word meaning meadow. Dal-managh, the likely root, would mean "monk's meadow". The 13th century form of the name, ''Dunmanyn'' (later ''Dunmanie'' and then ''Damenie'', hence the modern form), indicates that the first element is Britonnic ''din'' a fort or Gaelic ''dun'', a hill. There is no evidence of a fort and the topography is such that Dalmeny sits on a low hill. A derivation from ''dun managh'', "monk's hill", may relate to a long-standing chapel to St Adamnan on the site. The name may rather be from ''din meyni'', " ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alexander III Of Scotland
Alexander III (Medieval ; Modern Gaelic: ; 4 September 1241 – 19 March 1286) was King of Scots from 1249 until his death. He concluded the Treaty of Perth, by which Scotland acquired sovereignty over the Western Isles and the Isle of Man. His heir, Margaret, Maid of Norway, died before she could be crowned. Life Alexander was born at Roxburgh, the only son of Alexander II by his second wife Marie de Coucy. Alexander's father died on 6 July 1249 and he became king at the age of seven, inaugurated at Scone on 13 July 1249. The years of his minority featured an embittered struggle for the control of affairs between two rival parties, the one led by Walter Comyn, Earl of Menteith, the other by Alan Durward, Justiciar of Scotia. The former dominated the early years of Alexander's reign. At the marriage of Alexander to Margaret of England in 1251, Henry III of England seized the opportunity to demand from his son-in-law homage for the Scottish kingdom, but Alexander did not com ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
