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Generalized Keyboard
Generalized keyboards are musical Keyboard (music), keyboards, a type of isomorphic keyboard, with regular, tile-like arrangements usually with rectangular or hexagonal keys, and were developed for performing music in different Tuning (music), tunings. They were introduced by Robert Holford Macdowell Bosanquet, Robert Bosanquet in the 1870s, and since the 1960s Erv Wilson has developed new methods of using and expanding them, proposing keyboard layouts (and some notations) including any scale made of a single generator within an "octave" (or more generally, ''period'') of any size. The generalized keyboard is one kind of symmetrical arrangement that represents pitches according to their relationship to each other - rather than their positions in specific scales such as in the familiar piano and organ keyboard - as well as in sequence of pitch, unlike arrangements such as German concertina, duet systems for concertinas and the array system keyboard. Bosanquet used Circle of fifths, c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Keyboard (music)
A musical keyboard is the set of adjacent depressible levers or keys on a musical instrument. Keyboards typically contain keys for playing the twelve notes of the Western musical scale, with a combination of larger, longer keys and smaller, shorter keys that repeats at the interval of an octave. Pressing a key on the keyboard makes the instrument produce sounds—either by mechanically striking a string or tine (Piano, acoustic and electric piano, clavichord), plucking a string (harpsichord), causing air to flow through a pipe organ, striking a bell (carillon), or, on electric and electronic keyboards, completing a circuit (Hammond organ, digital piano, synthesizer). Since the most commonly encountered keyboard instrument is the piano, the keyboard layout is often referred to as the ''piano keyboard''. Description The twelve notes of the Western musical scale are laid out with the lowest note on the left. The longer keys (for the seven "natural" notes of the C major Musical sca ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
George Secor
George Secor (November 8, 1943 – March 2, 2020) was an American musician, composer and music-theorist from Chicago. He was the discoverer of miracle temperament and eponym of the secor. As an inventor, Secor and Hermann Pedtke's ''Motorola Scalatron'' (1974) is an example of a Bosanquet generalized keyboard featuring a multicolored arrangement of 240 tunable oval keys, about which Secor said: "There is not much point in using this alternative keyboard for systems below 31 tones in the octave."Vail, Mark (2000). ''9780879306038'', p.101. Backbeat Books. . However, "even if it were completely impractical musically, it would make a wonderful prop for a futuristic movie." Though its synthesizer capacities may not reach performance level, according to Easley Blackwood, "It has rock-steady tuning capabilities; you can always count on it to be right." George demonstrating the micro-tonal keyboard instrument can be seen in thidemonstration video George was also an accomplished musician ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Joseph A
Joseph is a common male given name, derived from the Hebrew Yosef (יוֹסֵף). "Joseph" is used, along with "Josef", mostly in English, French and partially German languages. This spelling is also found as a variant in the languages of the modern-day Nordic countries. In Portuguese and Spanish, the name is "José". In Arabic, including in the Quran, the name is spelled '' Yūsuf''. In Persian, the name is "Yousef". The name has enjoyed significant popularity in its many forms in numerous countries, and ''Joseph'' was one of the two names, along with ''Robert'', to have remained in the top 10 boys' names list in the US from 1925 to 1972. It is especially common in contemporary Israel, as either "Yossi" or "Yossef", and in Italy, where the name "Giuseppe" was the most common male name in the 20th century. In the first century CE, Joseph was the second most popular male name for Palestine Jews. In the Book of Genesis Joseph is Jacob's eleventh son and Rachel's first son, a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stichting Huygens-Fokker
The Huygens-Fokker Foundation () is a "centre for microtonal music" founded on February 15, 1960, housed in the Muziekgebouw aan 't IJ (Amsterdam, Netherlands), and named for Christiaan Huygens and Adriaan Fokker (inventor of 31 equal temperament and creator of the Fokker organ). The Foundation's library possesses a large archive of correspondence, scores, books, and other publications. The Foundation presents frequent concerts (originally in Teylers Museum) presenting contemporary, early, popular, and improvised microtonal music. They maintain contact with other organizations dedicated to microtonality including Tonalsoft, the Harry Partch, Harry Partch Institute, the Logos Foundation, and individuals such as Kyle Gann. They published the journal ''Thirty-One'' and presented MicroFest Amsterdam 2011. They house the 31-tone Fokker organ with new MIDI-connections in the BAM Hall. The current director is Sander Germanus. See also *Carrillo-piano *Euler-organ *Acoustical Society of th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chromatic Button Accordion
A chromatic button accordion is a type of button accordion where the melody-side keyboard consists of rows of buttons arranged chromatically. The bass-side keyboard is usually the Stradella system or one of the various free-bass systems. Included among chromatic button accordions are the Russian bayan and Schrammel accordion. There can be 3 to 5 rows of vertical treble buttons. In a 5 row chromatic, two additional rows repeat the first 2 rows to facilitate options in fingering. Comparing the layout to the piano accordion,Dan Lindgren, Piano Accordion vs. Chromatic Button AccordioOnline PDF/ref> the advantages of a chromatic button accordion are the greater range and better fingering options.The uniform layout allows for uniform fingering and making of chords; meanwhile, the chromatic button layout also allows for alternative fingerings. As the buttons are closer, it is also easier to reach notes that are far apart, such as two octaves apart. On the other hand, some finge ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pitch Space
In music theory, pitch spaces model relationships between pitches. These models typically use distance to model the degree of relatedness, with closely related pitches placed near one another, and less closely related pitches placed farther apart. Depending on the complexity of the relationships under consideration, the models may be multidimensional. Models of pitch space are often graphs, groups, lattices, or geometrical figures such as helixes. Pitch spaces distinguish octave-related pitches. When octave-related pitches are not distinguished, we have instead pitch class spaces, which represent relationships between pitch classes. (Some of these models are discussed in the entry on modulatory space, though readers should be advised that the term "modulatory space" is not a standard music-theoretical term.) Chordal spaces model relationships between chords. Linear and helical pitch space The simplest pitch space model is the real line. A fundamental frequency ''f'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Linear Temperament
Regular temperament is any tempered system of musical tuning such that each frequency ratio is obtainable as a product of powers of a finite number of generators, or generating frequency ratios. For instance, in 12-TET, the system of music most commonly used in the Western world, the generator is a tempered fifth (700 cents), which is the basis behind the circle of fifths. When only two generators are needed, with one of them the octave, this is called "linear temperament". The best-known example of a linear temperaments is meantone temperament, where the generating intervals are usually given in terms of a slightly flattened fifth and the octave. Other linear temperaments include the schismatic temperament of Hermann von Helmholtz and miracle temperament. Mathematical description If the generators are all of the prime numbers up to a given prime ''p'', we have what is called ''p''-limit just intonation. Sometimes some irrational number close to one of these primes is substi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Isomorphic Keyboard
An isomorphic keyboard is a musical input device consisting of a two-dimensional grid of note-controlling elements (such as buttons or keys) on which any given sequence and/or combination of musical intervals has the "same shape" on the keyboard wherever it occurs – within a key, across keys, across octaves, and across tunings. Examples Helmholtz's 1863 book ''On the Sensations of Tone'' gave several possible layouts. Practical isomorphic keyboards were developed by Bosanquet (1875), Janko (1882), Wicki (1896), Fokker (1951), Erv Wilson (1975–present), William Wesley (2001), and Antonio Fernández (2009). Accordions have been built since the 19th century using various isomorphic keyboards, typically with dimensions of semitones and tones. The keyboards of Bosanquet and Erv Wilson are also known as generalized keyboards. The keyboard of Antonio Fernández is also known as Transclado. The Ragzpole is a recently developed cylindrical MIDI controller having dimensions in fi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Harold Fortuin
Harold Fortuin (born 1964 in Mount Clemens, Michigan) is an American composer, pianist, and designer of hardware and software for electronic music. He has written both traditional instrumental and vocal music as well as electronic and computer music, and has a number of performances and recordings to his credit. His work has often been in the realm of microtonal music. Aside from the standard 12-tone equal temperament An equal temperament is a musical temperament or tuning system, which approximates just intervals by dividing an octave (or other interval) into equal steps. This means the ratio of the frequencies of any adjacent pair of notes is the same, ..., he has composed in equal temperaments of 19, 22, and 31 notes to the octave. He has also published research in the area of software and hardware design and development.Harold Fortuin: �A Modern, Compact Implementation of the Parameterized Factory Design Pattern��, in Journal of Object Technology, vol. 9, no. 1, Jan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alain Daniélou
Alain Daniélou (4 October 1907 – 27 January 1994) was a French historian, Indologist, intellectual, musicologist, translator, writer, and notable Western convert to and expert on the Shaivite sect of Hinduism. In 1991 he was awarded the Sangeet Natak Akademi Fellowship, the highest honour conferred by Sangeet Natak Akademi, India's National Academy for Music, Dance and Drama. Early life and education His mother, Madeleine Clamorgan, was from an old family of the Norman nobility; a fervent Roman Catholic, she founded schools and a religious order, the Order of Sainte-Marie, for women teachers in civilian costume under the patronage of St. François-Xavier. His father, Charles Daniélou, was an anti-clerical Breton politician who held numerous national ministerial posts in the Third Republic. One of his brothers was the Roman Catholic prelate and Académie Française member, Jean Daniélou. He received his education at the Institution Notre-Dame de Sainte-Croix, Neui ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
