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General Order 40
The Federal Radio Commission's (FRC) General Order 40, dated August 30, 1928, described the standards for a sweeping reorganization of radio broadcasting in the United States. This order grouped the AM radio band transmitting frequencies into three main categories, which became known as Clear Channel, Regional, and Local. It also included provisions for coordination with Canadian station assignments. The majority of the reassignments resulting from the plan's implementation went into effect on November 11, 1928. Background Radio transmissions in the United States were originally regulated by the Department of Commerce, as authorized by the Radio Act of 1912. The first formal regulations governing broadcasts intended for the general public were adopted effective December 1, 1921. This initially established just two transmitting wavelengths — 360 meters (833 kHz) for "entertainment" broadcasts, and 485 meters (619 kHz) for "market news and weather reports". The number of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Federal Radio Commission
The Federal Radio Commission (FRC) was a government agency that regulated United States radio communication from its creation in 1927 until 1934, when it was succeeded by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC). The FRC was established by the Radio Act of 1927, which replaced the Radio Act of 1912 after the earlier law was found to lack sufficient oversight provisions, especially for regulating broadcasting stations. In addition to increased regulatory powers, the FRC introduced the standard that, in order to receive a license, a radio station had to be shown to be "in the public interest, convenience, or necessity". Previous regulation Radio Act of 1912 Although radio communication (originally known as "wireless telegraphy") was developed in the late 1890s, it was largely unregulated in the United States until the passage of the Radio Act of 1912. This law set up procedures for the Department of Commerce to license radio transmitters, which initially consisted primarily o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
WHO (AM)
WHO (1040 kHz "Newsradio 1040") is a commercial AM radio station in Des Moines, Iowa, United States. The station is owned by iHeartMedia and carries a news/talk radio format. The radio studios are on Grand Avenue in Des Moines. WHO broadcasts with 50,000 watts, the maximum power permitted for commercial AM stations. It uses a non-directional antenna from a transmitter site on 148th Street South in Mitchellville, Iowa. WHO dates back to the early days of broadcasting and is a Class A clear-channel station. During daytime hours, its high power and Iowa's excellent soil conductivity gives it at least secondary coverage of most of Iowa, as well as parts of Illinois, Missouri, Nebraska, Kansas, Wisconsin, Minnesota and South Dakota. With a good radio, it can be heard at night across much of North America, but is strongest in the Central United States. WHO is also heard on the HD Radio digital subchannel of co-owned KDRB 100.3 FM and is Iowa's primary entry point station i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Clear-channel Station
A clear-channel station is an AM radio station in North America that has the highest protection from interference from other stations, particularly concerning night-time skywave propagation. The system exists to ensure the viability of cross-country or cross-continent radio service enforced through a series of treaties and statutory laws. Known as Class A stations since 1982, they are occasionally still referred to by their former classifications of Class I-A (the highest classification), Class I-B (the next highest class), or Class I-N (for stations in Alaska too far away to cause interference to the primary clear-channel stations in the lower 48 states). The term "clear-channel" is used most often in the context of North America and the Caribbean, where the concept originated. Since 1941, these stations have been required to maintain an effective radiated power of at least 10,000 watts to retain their status. Nearly all such stations in the United States, Canada and The Baham ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eastern Standard Time (North America)
The Eastern Time Zone (ET) is a time zone encompassing part or all of 23 states in the eastern part of the United States, parts of eastern Canada, the state of Quintana Roo in Mexico, Panama, Colombia, mainland Ecuador, Peru, and a small portion of westernmost Brazil in South America, along with certain Caribbean and Atlantic islands. Places that use: * Eastern Standard Time (EST), when observing standard time (autumn/winter), are five hours behind Coordinated Universal Time ( UTC−05:00). * Eastern Daylight Time (EDT), when observing daylight saving time (spring/summer), are four hours behind Coordinated Universal Time ( UTC−04:00). On the second Sunday in March, at 2:00 a.m. EST, clocks are advanced to 3:00 a.m. EDT leaving a one-hour "gap". On the first Sunday in November, at 2:00 a.m. EDT, clocks are moved back to 1:00 a.m. EST, thus "duplicating" one hour. Southern parts of the zone (Panama and the Caribbean) do not observe daylight saving time ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
North American Regional Broadcasting Agreement
The North American Regional Broadcasting Agreement (NARBA, es, Convenio Regional Norteamericano de Radiodifusión) refers to a series of international treaties that defined technical standards for AM band ( mediumwave) radio stations. These agreements also addressed how frequency assignments were distributed among the signatories, with a special emphasis on high-powered clear channel allocations. The initial NARBA bandplan, also known as the "Havana Treaty", was signed by the United States, Canada, Mexico, Cuba, the Dominican Republic, and Haiti on December 13, 1937, and took effect March 29, 1941. A series of modifications and adjustments followed, also under the NARBA name. NARBA's provisions were largely supplanted in 1983, with the adoption of the Regional Agreement for the Medium Frequency Broadcasting Service in Region 2 (Rio Agreement), which covered the entire Western hemisphere. However, current AM band assignments in North America largely reflect the standards first e ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
WKDN (AM)
WKDN (950 kHz) is an American AM radio station licensed to Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, and serving the Philadelphia market. WKDN is owned and operated by Family Radio. History Early years WKDN began broadcasting as WPEN on April 19, 1929, originally as a 250-watt station on 1500 kHz. The frequency was previously shared by the Pennsylvania School of Wireless Telegraphy's WPSW, which went on the air in 1926, and Bethayres-based WALK, which launched in 1927; both stations were acquired by William Penn Broadcasting and merged to create WPEN. In its early years, it was known for Italian-language programming, and was co-owned with another major Italian-oriented station, WOV in New York City. Beginning in November 1929, Sunday Breakfast Rescue Mission broadcast their Sunday morning services from their 800-person homeless shelter and soup kitchen. The most notable speaker was Percy Crawford who spoke consistently to the crowd of homeless men. In the 1930s, WPEN moved to 920 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
KYW (AM)
KYW (1060 kHz) is a commercial AM radio station licensed to serve Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. It is one of the oldest continuously operating radio stations in the United States, originating in Chicago before moving to Philadelphia in 1934. KYW's unusual history includes its call sign of only three letters, beginning with a K, rare for a station in the Eastern United States. It broadcasts an all-news radio format and is branded as "KYW Newsradio". KYW serves as the flagship station of Audacy, Inc. KYW's studios are co-located within Audacy's corporate headquarters in Center City Philadelphia and its transmitter and two-tower directional antenna array are located in Lafayette Hill. KYW is a 50,000–watt Class A clear channel station. With a good radio receiver, its nighttime signal can be heard in much of the Eastern United States and Eastern Canada, however, it restricts its signal towards the Southwest United States to protect XECPAE-AM in Mexico City, which sha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
WGY (AM)
WGY (810 kHz "NewsRadio WGY") is a commercial AM radio station licensed to Schenectady, New York, and serving the Capital District including the Albany-Schenectady-Troy radio market. It is owned by iHeartMedia, and it airs a News/Talk radio format. Programming is simulcast on WGY-FM 103.1 MHz. WGY is one of the first stations in the United States and the oldest to operate continuously in New York State, having launched on February 20, 1922. WGY is a Class A clear channel station powered at 50,000 watts using a non-directional antenna. It transmits from a single tower located off Mariaville Road, near the New York State Thruway, in the Town of Rotterdam. The station's daytime AM signal provides at least grade B coverage from the outer northern suburbs of New York City to the fringes of the North Country, as well as parts of Connecticut, Massachusetts and Vermont. At night, WGY can be heard across much of the eastern half of North America with a good radio. WGY ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
KGO (AM)
KGO (810 kHz) is a commercial AM radio station licensed to San Francisco, California, and owned by Cumulus Media. KGO operates with 50,000 watts, the highest power permitted AM radio stations by the Federal Communications Commission, but uses a directional antenna to protect the other Class A station on 810 kHz, WGY in Schenectady, New York. Most nights, using a good radio, KGO can be heard throughout the Western United States east to the Rocky Mountains, and in Northern Mexico, Western Canada and Alaska. Cumulus's offices are based on Battery Street in the SoMa portion of San Francisco's Financial District. KGO's transmitter site is based in Fremont near the Dumbarton Bridge. Its towers are noticeable enough that pilots use them as a waypoint in communications with local airports. Two of KGO's three towers partially collapsed during the Loma Prieta earthquake on October 17, 1989. All three were replaced. Since October 2022, KGO has broadcast a sports talk format ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
General Electric
General Electric Company (GE) is an American multinational conglomerate founded in 1892, and incorporated in New York state and headquartered in Boston. The company operated in sectors including healthcare, aviation, power, renewable energy, digital industry, additive manufacturing and venture capital and finance, but has since divested from several areas, now primarily consisting of the first four segments. In 2020, GE ranked among the Fortune 500 as the 33rd largest firm in the United States by gross revenue. In 2011, GE ranked among the Fortune 20 as the 14th most profitable company, but later very severely underperformed the market (by about 75%) as its profitability collapsed. Two employees of GE – Irving Langmuir (1932) and Ivar Giaever (1973) – have been awarded the Nobel Prize. On November 9, 2021, the company announced it would divide itself into three investment-grade public companies. On July 18, 2022, GE unveiled the brand names of the companies it wi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
WWVA (AM)
WWVA (1170 kHz, NewsRadio 1170) is an American AM radio station that broadcasts with studios in Wheeling, West Virginia. Its towers are located in St. Clairsville, Ohio. It is West Virginia's only class A 50,000–watt clear-channel station, sharing the frequency's Class A status with KTSB in Tulsa, Oklahoma, and KJNP in North Pole, Alaska. WWVA can be heard in most of the eastern two-thirds of the United States at night, as well as most of Canada. The station is owned by iHeartMedia, Inc. and uses the on-air nickname "The Big One" (borrowed from sister stations WLW and WTAM). WWVA was one of the first stations in the U.S. to have an in-studio Citizens band radio to talk to listeners at night, in between songs and other on-air items, during the 1970s when it produced and ran an in-house nightly truckers' show hosted by the popular radio personality, Buddy Ray. Ray left the station in the early 1980s. In two instances has WWVA been threatened with relocation, neither b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
WOWO (AM)
WOWO (1190 AM) – branded News/Talk WOWO 1190 AM 107.5 FM – is a commercial talk radio station licensed to Fort Wayne, Indiana, serving primarily the Fort Wayne metropolitan area. Currently owned by Federated Media via licensee Pathfinder Communications, WOWO serves as the Fort Wayne affiliate for: Fox News Radio, ''The Glenn Beck Program''The Dan Bongino Show ''The Sean Hannity Show'', ''The Buck Sexton Show'', ''Coast to Coast AM'', and the Indianapolis Colts; and the flagship station for the Fort Wayne Komets. The WOWO studios are located at the transmitter site for sister station WKJG on Maples Road in Fort Wayne, while the station transmitter resides in Roanoke. Besides its main analog transmission, WOWO broadcasts over an in-band on-channel HD Radio signal; simulcasts over both low-power analog Fort Wayne translator W298BJ (107.5 FM) and the HD2 digital subchannel of WMEE; and streams online with availability on the iHeartRadio platform. WOWO is one of three primary ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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