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Gawain Towler
Gawain (), also known in many other forms and spellings, is a character in Arthurian legend, in which he is King Arthur's nephew and a Knight of the Round Table. The prototype of Gawain is mentioned under the name Gwalchmei in the earliest Welsh sources. He has subsequently appeared in many Arthurian stories in Welsh, Latin, French, English, Scottish, Dutch, German, Spanish, and Italian, notably as the protagonist of the famous Middle English poem ''Sir Gawain and the Green Knight''. Other tales featuring Gawain as the central character include ''De Ortu Waluuanii'', ''Diu Crône'', ''Ywain and Gawain'', ''Golagros and Gawane'', ''Sir Gawain and the Carle of Carlisle'', ''L'âtre périlleux'', ''La Mule sans frein'', ''La Vengeance Raguidel'', ''Le Chevalier à l'épée'', ''The Awntyrs off Arthure'', ''The Greene Knight'', and '' The Weddynge of Syr Gawen and Dame Ragnell''. In Arthurian chivalric romance literature, Gawain is usually depicted as King Arthur's closest compan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Matter Of Britain
The Matter of Britain is the body of medieval literature and legendary material associated with Great Britain and Brittany and the list of legendary kings of Britain, legendary kings and heroes associated with it, particularly King Arthur. It was one of the three great Western Literary cycle, story cycles recalled repeatedly in medieval literature, together with the Matter of France, which concerned the legends of Charlemagne, and the Matter of Rome, which included material derived from or inspired by classical mythology. History The three "Matters" were first described in the 12th century by French poet Jean Bodel, whose epic ' ("Song of the Saxons") contains the line: The name distinguishes and relates the Matter of Britain from the mythological themes taken from classical antiquity, the "Matter of Rome", and the tales of the Paladins of Charlemagne and their wars with the Moors and Saracens, which constituted the "Matter of France". King Arthur is the chief subject of th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Orkney
Orkney (; sco, Orkney; on, Orkneyjar; nrn, Orknøjar), also known as the Orkney Islands, is an archipelago in the Northern Isles of Scotland, situated off the north coast of the island of Great Britain. Orkney is 10 miles (16 km) north of the coast of Caithness and has about 70 islands, of which 20 are inhabited. The largest island, the Mainland, Orkney, Mainland, has an area of , making it the List of islands of Scotland, sixth-largest Scottish island and the List of islands of the British Isles, tenth-largest island in the British Isles. Orkney’s largest settlement, and also its administrative centre, is Kirkwall. Orkney is one of the 32 Subdivisions of Scotland, council areas of Scotland, as well as a Orkney (Scottish Parliament constituency), constituency of the Scottish Parliament, a Lieutenancy areas of Scotland, lieutenancy area, and an counties of Scotland, historic county. The local council is Orkney Islands Council, one of only three councils in Scotland with ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Greene Knight
''The Greene Knight'' is a late medieval rhyming romance, found in the Percy Folio Manuscript. The storyline effectively parallels the more famous ''Sir Gawain and the Green Knight'' in describing the dealings of Gawain, King Arthur's nephew, with the Greene Knight. The text was edited by Thomas Hahn for the Camelot Project. Key differences adduced by Hahn from the longer poem include rapid pacing, more explicit character motivations, and a rhyme scheme more suitable for popular recitation. Hahn concludes "In many ways, in fact, ''The Greene Knight'', as the later poem, seems almost a summary or guide in its determined spelling out of motives and events, its domestication of the challenging and mysterious, and its explanation of marvels and ambiguities." Hahn writes, "The language of ''The Greene Knight'' suggests that it was originally composed about 1500 in the South Midlands. It is marked for two fitts (perhaps indicating performance sessions), and falls into eighty-six tail-r ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Awntyrs Off Arthure
''The Awntyrs off Arthure at the Terne Wathelyne'' (''The Adventures of Arthur at Tarn Wadling'') is an Arthurian romance of 702 lines written in Middle English alliterative verse. Despite its title, it centres on the deeds of Sir Gawain. The poem, thought to have been composed in Cumberland in the late 14th or early 15th century, survives in four different manuscripts from widely separated areas of England. Synopsis Although the ''Awntyrs off Arthure'' is in some respects typical of the romances featuring Gawain, it has peculiarities of structure and theme that set it apart. It begins, conventionally enough, with Arthur's court riding out to a hunt. At the lake Tarn Wadling, Gawain and Guinevere ("Gaynour") encounter a hideous and vividly-described ghost, who reveals that she is Guinevere's mother, condemned to suffer for the sins of adultery and pride that she committed while alive. In response to Gawain and Guinevere's questions, she advises them to live morally and to "have ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Le Chevalier à L'épée
''The Knight with the Sword'', in French ''Le Chevalier à l'épée'', is an Old French romance dating to the earlier 13th century. It survives in only one manuscript. It is the earliest extant romance to focus specifically on the Arthurian knight Sir Gawain and its plot is in some important respects similar to that of ''Sir Gawain and the Green Knight ''Sir Gawain and the Green Knight'' is a late 14th-century chivalric romance in Middle English. The author is unknown; the title was given centuries later. It is one of the best-known Arthurian stories, with its plot combining two types of f ...''. The poem presents a satirical or cynical take on ideas of chivalry. Summary Gauvain rides out from Arthur's court seeking adventure. He meets another knight, who invites him to stay before hurrying home to prepare to receive the guest. On the way he talks to four shepherds who explain that no guest ever returns from the castle. Well received, Gauvain meets his host's beautiful daug ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
La Vengeance Raguidel
''La Vengeance Raguidel'' is a 13th-century La vengeance Raguidel', ''Dictionnaire Étymologique de l'Ancien Français''. Heidelberg Academy of Sciences and Humanities poem written in Old French. It is widely, although not universally, attributed to Raoul de Houdenc. It consists of 6182 Friedwagner, 1909. The Hippeau edition, based on a single manuscript, has 6176 lines octosyllabic verses. The title comes from line 6173 of the Chantilly manuscript. Hippeau, 1862, page 214. The Chantilly manuscript is the only one that has the end of the poem (see under manuscripts above) Plot King Arthur, looking out of the window of his court at Caerleon, sees a boat with a dead knight on it. The body has a lance thrust through it, and has five rings in its hand. Gawain is the only one able to remove the lance, but is unable to remove the rings. While no-one is looking, another knight comes and takes the five rings. Kay, alerted by a valet, pursues him. Kay, however, is defeated by a mysteri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
La Mule Sans Frein
''La Mule sans frein'' (English: ''The Mule Without a Bridle'') or ''La Demoiselle à la mule'' (English: ''The Damsel with the Mule'') is a short romance dating from the late 12th century or early 13th century. It comprises 1,136 lines in octosyllabic couplets, written in Old French. Its author names himself as Païen de Maisières, but critics disagree as to whether this was his real name or a pseudonym. ''La Mule'' is an Arthurian romance relating the adventures, first of Sir Kay, then of Sir Gawain, in attempting to restore to its rightful owner a stolen bridle. It is notable for its early use of the "beheading game" theme, which later reappeared in the Middle English romance ''Sir Gawain and the Green Knight''. It is sometimes seen as a skit or burlesque on earlier romances, especially those of Chrétien de Troyes, but it has also been suggested that it might have been written by Chrétien himself. Synopsis A damsel arrives at the court of King Arthur on a mule that has ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
L'âtre Périlleux
''L'âtre périlleux'' (Old French ''L'atre perillous'',Ms. 2168 fr. of the BnFf. 1r at the top of the page. English The Perilous CemeteryN. Black, 1994.M.-L., Charue, 1998.) is an anonymous 13th century poem written in Old French in which Gawain is the hero.Ashe, Ilhe, Kalinke, Lacy, Thompson, 1996. The name comes from just one of the adventures Gawain takes part in. Forced to spend the night in a chapel in a cemetery, he encounters a woman who has been cursed and is forced to spend the night with a devil each night. He defeats the devil and liberates her.G. Paris, 1888. The story draws on influences from other Arthurian romances, such as those of Raoul de Houdenc and Chrétien de Troyes. Plot A knight (later named as Escanor) takes a woman from King Arthur's court and defies any knight to take her back. Kay initially pursues him but is defeated. Gawain is distracted when he goes after him when he sees three women crying. They are lamenting the death of 'Gawain', their story is ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sir Gawain And The Carle Of Carlisle
''Sir Gawain and the Carle of Carlisle'' is a Middle English tail-rhyme romance of 660 lines, composed in about 1400. A similar story is told in a 17th-century minstrel piece found in the Percy Folio and known as ''The Carle of Carlisle''. These are two of a number of early English poems that feature the Arthurian hero Sir Gawain, the nephew of King Arthur, in his English role as a knight of the Round Table renowned for his valour and, particularly, for his courtesy. This is taken to comic lengths when, during a hunting expedition, Sir Gawain arrives with his hunting companions Sir Kay and Bishop Baldwin, at a castle owned by the Carle of Carlisle. A carle - a variant of the Old Norse word for "free man", from which also the first name Carl is derived - was a rough, uncouth man in medieval England and to have him as the lord of a castle helps to create a sense of an entry into an Otherworld, as does the way Sir Gawain and his companions arrive. They have been pursuing a deer all a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Golagros And Gawane
''The Knightly Tale of Gologras and Gawain'' (also commonly spelt ''Golagros and Gawane'') is a Middle Scots Arthurian romance written in alliterative verse of 1362 lines, known solely from a printed edition of 1508 in the possession of the National Library of Scotland. No manuscript copy of this lively and exciting tale has survived.. Though the story is set during Arthur and his band's journey of pilgrimage to the Holy Land, most of the reaction action takes place in France, with Sir Gawain, King Arthur's nephew as its main hero. The tale actually contains two episodes borrowed from the First Continuation to Chrétien de Troyes's ''Perceval, the Story of the Grail''., gives summary of the parallel episodes from the ''First Perceval Continuation'' In the first episode, which ostensibly occurs in France somewhere west of the Rhone River, Sir Gawain succeeds in obtaining provisions merely by graciously asking, rather than by confiscating the supplies by brute force as Sir Kay tr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ywain And Gawain
''Ywain and Gawain'' is an early-14th century Middle English Arthurian verse romance based quite closely upon the late-12th-century Old French romance ''Yvain, the Knight of the Lion, The Knight of the Lion'' by Chrétien de Troyes. Plot Ywain, one of King Arthur's Knights of the Round Table, while at Arthur's court hears from Sir Colgrevance about an encounter he had with a knight, who defeated him in a fight. Ywain sets out, kills the knight and marries the knight's widow Alundyne with the aid of her serving-lady Lunet (or Lunette), moving into the castle of Alundyne's late husband. However, when Arthur and his men visit them, Gawain encourages Ywain to go off adventuring, leaving his wife behind. During their adventures the two are separated, then find themselves fighting each other but recognise each other and are reunited. Ywain returns to his wife Alundyne and with Lunet's help they are reconciled. Manuscripts The story of ''Ywain and Gawain'' is found in a single manuscript ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Diu Crône
''Diu Crône'' ( en, The Crown) is a Middle High German poem of about 30,000 lines treating of King Arthur and the Matter of Britain, dating from around the 1220s and attributed to the epic poet Heinrich von dem Türlin. Little is known of the author though it has been suggested that he was from the town of Sankt Veit an der Glan, then the residence of the Sponheim dukes of Carinthia. ''Diu'' ''Crône'' also tells of the Knights of the Round Table's quest for the Grail but differs from the better-known "Percival" and "Galahad" versions of the narrative in that it is here Gawain who achieves the sacred object; it is the only work in the Arthurian corpus in which he does so. The 'crown' of the title is, in fact, the poem itself: Heinrich likens his work to a gem-set diadem - the 'gems' being the various Arthurian tales or episodes that he has 'set' in the gold of his verse; his avowed object in this endeavor being the delectation of ladies everywhere - the which accords well with ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
