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Galantine (horse)
Galantine (1828 – 1847) was a British Thoroughbred racehorse and Horse breeding#Terminology, broodmare who won the eighteenth running of the British Classic Races, classic 1000 Guineas at Newmarket Racecourse in 1831. Running exclusively at Newmarket, the filly ran eleven times and won four races in a racing career which lasted from April 1830 until May 1831. After being beaten in both her races as a two-year-old, Galantine won a controversial race for the 1000 Guineas on her three-year-old debut, beating the odds-on favourite Oxygen (horse), Oxygen. Although she was considered a lucky and sub-standard classic winner, Galantine went on to win three match races at before the end of the season. She was retired from racing after two unsuccessful runs in 1832. Background Galantine was a bay mare bred by Sir Mark Wood, 1st Baronet the Member of Parliament for Gatton (UK Parliament constituency), Gatton and owned during her racing career by his son and successor Wood baronets#Wood ba ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Reveller
Reveller was a British Thoroughbred racehorse and sire. His most significant win came in the 1818 St Leger Stakes, but he remained in training until 1823, winning numerous races in the North of England. He had a long rivalry with another northern champion, Doctor Syntax. Background Reveller was a strongly-built bay horse bred by a Mr Shard. As a yearling he was sold to Henry Peirse of Bedale, who owned him throughout his racing career. He was sired by Comus, a horse who finished third in the Epsom Derby before becoming a successful stallion based near Wetherby in Yorkshire. Among his other progeny were the 2000 Guineas winner Grey Momus and the St Leger winning filly Matilda. He was also the male-line ancestor of the Triple Crown winner West Australian. Reveller's dam Rosette won seven races for Peirse, who owned and bred her. She was killed in 1816 when Reveller was a yearling after receiving a kick from Jack Spigot's dam, a blind mare. Racing career Reveller began his racing ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
July Stakes
The July Stakes is a Group 2 flat horse race in Great Britain open to two-year-old colts and geldings. It is run on the July Course at Newmarket over a distance of 6 furlongs (1,207 metres), and it is scheduled to take place each year in July. History The July Stakes is the oldest surviving event for two-year-olds in the British flat racing calendar. It was established in 1786, and it was originally open to horses of either gender. The conditions initially stipulated that those horses sired by Eclipse or Highflyer should carry an additional weight of three pounds. The present system of race grading was introduced in 1971, and for a period the July Stakes was classed at Group 3 level. The event was restricted to colts and geldings in 1977, and it was promoted to Group 2 status in 2003. The July Stakes is currently held on the opening day of Newmarket's three-day July Festival meeting. The equivalent race for fillies is the Duchess ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1831 United Kingdom General Election
The 1831 United Kingdom general election saw a landslide win by supporters of electoral reform, which was the major election issue. As a result, it was the last unreformed election, as the Parliament which resulted ensured the passage of the Reform Act 1832. Polling was held from 28 April to 1 June 1831. The Whigs won a majority of 136 over the Tories, which was as near to a landslide as the unreformed electoral system could deliver. As the Government obtained a dissolution of Parliament once the new electoral system had been enacted, the resulting Parliament was a short one and there was another election the following year. The election was the first since 1715 to see a victory by a party previously in minority. Political situation The ninth UK Parliament elected in 1830 lacked a stable Commons majority for the Tory government of the Duke of Wellington: the best estimate is that it there had 310 supporters, 225 opponents and 121 doubtful.D.R. Fisher, History of Parliament 18 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Guinea (British Coin)
The guinea (; commonly abbreviated gn., or gns. in plural) was a coin, minted in Great Britain between 1663 and 1814, that contained approximately one-quarter of an ounce of gold. The name came from the Guinea region in West Africa, from where much of the gold used to make the coins was sourced. It was the first English machine-struck gold coin, originally representing a value of 20 shillings in sterling specie, equal to one pound, but rises in the price of gold relative to silver caused the value of the guinea to increase, at times to as high as thirty shillings. From 1717 to 1816, its value was officially fixed at twenty-one shillings. In the Great Recoinage of 1816, the guinea was demonetised and the word "guinea" became a colloquial or specialised term. Although the coin itself no longer circulated, the term ''guinea'' survived as a unit of account in some fields. Notable usages included professional fees (medical, legal, etc.), which were often invoiced in guineas, and h ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pound (mass)
The pound or pound-mass is a unit of mass used in British imperial and United States customary systems of measurement. Various definitions have been used; the most common today is the international avoirdupois pound, which is legally defined as exactly , and which is divided into 16 avoirdupois ounces. The international standard symbol for the avoirdupois pound is lb; an alternative symbol is lbm (for most pound definitions), # ( chiefly in the U.S.), and or ″̶ (specifically for the apothecaries' pound). The unit is descended from the Roman (hence the abbreviation "lb"). The English word ''pound'' is cognate with, among others, German , Dutch , and Swedish . These units are historic and are no longer used (replaced by the metric system). Usage of the unqualified term ''pound'' reflects the historical conflation of mass and weight. This accounts for the modern distinguishing terms ''pound-mass'' and '' pound-force''. Etymology The word 'pound' and its cognates ultim ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Riddlesworth (horse)
Riddlesworth (1828–1843) was a British Thoroughbred racehorse. He raced in April and May 1831, in a career that lasted less than seven weeks. He won four of his five starts, including the Riddlesworth Stakes, 2000 Guineas Stakes and Newmarket Stakes. On his final start he finished second in the Derby. Riddlesworth was owned by George Child Villiers, 5th Earl of Jersey, and trained by James Edwards. As a stallion he stood in Germany and the United States, but didn't leave many notable foals. Background Riddlesworth was a chestnut colt, with a white blaze, bred by George Child Villiers, 5th Earl of Jersey, and foaled in 1828. He was sired by Emilius, who had won the Riddlesworth Stakes and Derby Stakes in 1823. After retiring from racing Emilius became a successful stallion and was champion sire of Great Britain and Ireland in 1830 and 1831. Amongst his other offspring were Derby winners Priam and Plenipotentiary, St. Leger winner Mango, Oaks winner Oxygen and 1000 Guineas ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2000 Guineas
The 2000 Guineas Stakes is a Group 1 flat race in Great Britain open to three-year-old thoroughbred colts and fillies. It is run on the Rowley Mile at Newmarket over a distance of 1 mile (1,609 metres) and scheduled to take place each year at the start of May. It is one of Britain's five Classic races, and at present it is the first to be run in the year. It also serves as the opening leg of the Triple Crown, followed by the Derby and the St Leger, although the feat of winning all three has been rarely attempted in recent decades. History The 2000 Guineas Stakes was first run on 18 April 1809, and it preceded the introduction of a version for fillies only, the 1000 Guineas Stakes, by five years. Both races were established by the Jockey Club under the direction of Sir Charles Bunbury, who had earlier co-founded the Derby at Epsom. The races were named according to their original prize funds ( ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Newmarket Stakes
The Newmarket Stakes is a Listed flat horse race in Great Britain open to three-year-old colts and geldings. It is run over a distance of 1 mile and 2 furlongs (2,012 metres) on the Rowley Mile at Newmarket in late April or early May. History The original version of the Newmarket Stakes was established in the early 19th century. It was usually held on the final day of the venue's First Spring meeting in late April or early May. It was run on the Ditch Mile course over distances slightly under a mile. It ended after a period of small fields and walkovers in the 1880s. A new version of the race was introduced in 1889. From this point it took place at Newmarket's Second Spring meeting in mid-May. It was contested over 1¼ miles, and it became a major trial for The Derby. It continued until the early 1960s. The present version of the race was first run in 1978. It was initially called the Heathorn Stakes. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Colt (horse)
A colt is a male horse, usually below the age of four years. Description The term "colt" only describes young male horses and is not to be confused with foal, which is a horse of either sex less than one year of age. Similarly, a yearling is a horse of either sex between the ages of one and two. A young female horse is called a filly, and a mare once she is an adult animal. In horse racing, particularly for Thoroughbreds in the United Kingdom, a colt is defined as an uncastrated male from the age of two up to and including the age of four. The term is derived from Proto-Germanic *''kultaz'' ("lump, bundle, offspring") and is etymologically related to "child." An adult male horse, if left intact, is called either a "stallion" if used for breeding, or a horse (sometimes full horse); if castrated, it is called a gelding. In some cases, particularly informal nomenclature, a gelding under four years is still called a colt. A rig or ridgling is a male equine with a retained testicle ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stone (unit)
The stone or stone weight (abbreviation: st.) is an English and imperial unit of mass equal to 14 pounds (6.35 kg). The stone continues in customary use in the United Kingdom for body weight. England and other Germanic-speaking countries of northern Europe formerly used various standardised "stones" for trade, with their values ranging from about 5 to 40 local pounds (roughly 3 to 15 kg) depending on the location and objects weighed. With the advent of metrication, Europe's various "stones" were superseded by or adapted to the kilogram from the mid-19th century on. Antiquity The name "stone" derives from the use of stones for weights, a practice that dates back into antiquity. The Biblical law against the carrying of "diverse weights, a large and a small" is more literally translated as "you shall not carry a stone and a stone (), a large and a small". There was no standardised "stone" in the ancient Jewish world, but in Roman times stone weights were c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Patrick Conolly
Patrick Conolly (1806 - 1842) was an Irish jockey, who won each of the British Classics at least once in his career. His career was cut short by early death through illness, not long after his second Derby victory. Early life Conolly is reputed to have been born in Co. Kildare, possibly in Naas in 1806, although no baptismal record has been found. Racing would run in the family. His brother-in-law, Arthur Pavis, was a jockey, and his nephew, John Conolly (1858-1896), would also become a successful jockey in Ireland. Around 1817, Conolly became apprentice to William Cleary, trainer to Michael Prendergast MP. He made his debut riding a horse called Jemmy Gay at The Curragh in 1819. Career In 1821, Prendergast brought him to England. While in England, and through his links to Prendergast, he also received the patronage of Lord Exeter, Lord Chesterfield and Lord Verulam among others. Prendergast’s own horses were trained by Henry Neale. Conolly’s career took off when h ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fractional Odds
Odds provide a measure of the likelihood of a particular outcome. They are calculated as the ratio of the number of events that produce that outcome to the number that do not. Odds are commonly used in gambling and statistics. Odds also have a simple relation with probability: the odds of an outcome are the ratio of the probability that the outcome occurs to the probability that the outcome does not occur. In mathematical terms, where p is the probability of the outcome: :\text = \frac where 1-p is the probability that the outcome does not occur. Odds can be demonstrated by examining rolling a six-sided die. The odds of rolling a 6 is 1:5. This is because there is 1 event (rolling a 6) that produces the specified outcome of "rolling a 6", and 5 events that do not (rolling a 1,2,3,4 or 5). The odds of rolling either a 5 or 6 is 2:4. This is because there are 2 events (rolling a 5 or 6) that produce the specified outcome of "rolling either a 5 or 6", and 4 events that do n ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
