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GPlates
GPlates is open-source application software offering a novel combination of interactive plate-tectonic reconstructions, geographic information system (GIS) functionality and raster data visualization. History The GPlates project was started by Professor Dietmar Müller in 2006. By the end of 2010, the GPlates 1.0.0 was released. The latest release is GPlates 2.3 in September 2021. A user manual and tutorials are available online. Functionality GPlates enables both the visualization and the manipulation of plate-tectonic reconstructions and associated data through geological time: * Load and save geological, geographic and tectonic feature data. * Assign feature data to tectonic plates. * Reconstruct feature data to past geological times. * Query and edit feature properties and geometries. * Modify reconstructions graphically. * Visualize vector and raster data on the globe or in one of the map projections. * Visualize sub-surface 3D scalar fields as isosurfaces or 2D cross-se ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
GPlates Volcanoes
GPlates is open-source application software offering a novel combination of interactive plate-tectonic reconstructions, geographic information system (GIS) functionality and raster data visualization. History The GPlates project was started by Professor Dietmar Müller in 2006. By the end of 2010, the GPlates 1.0.0 was released. The latest release is GPlates 2.3 in September 2021. A user manual and tutorials are available online. Functionality GPlates enables both the visualization and the manipulation of plate-tectonic reconstructions and associated data through geological time: * Load and save geological, geographic and tectonic feature data. * Assign feature data to tectonic plates. * Reconstruct feature data to past geological times. * Query and edit feature properties and geometries. * Modify reconstructions graphically. * Visualize vector and raster data on the globe or in one of the map projections. * Visualize sub-surface 3D scalar fields as isosurfaces or 2D cross-se ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dietmar Müller
Dietmar Müller is a professor of geophysics at the school of geosciences, the University of Sydney. Early life and education Müller received his undergraduate degree from the Christian-Albrechts University of Kiel in Germany, followed by a PhD in earth science from the Scripps Institution of Oceanography in San Diego, California in 1993. Career After joining the University of Sydney as a lecturer in geophysics in 1993, Müller established the University of Sydney Institute of Marine Science (now the Marine Studies Institute) and built the EarthByte research group. He has been mainly active in research in the area of plate tectonics using GPlates software that has been developed under his leadership at the EarthByte group. Research highlights Müller leads an international research effort that developed and continues to refine a Virtual Earth Laboratory to develop custom software, workflows and research data to produce interactive, open-access models and visualisati ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Geography Markup Language
The Geography Markup Language (GML) is the XML grammar defined by the Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) to express geographical features. GML serves as a modeling language for geographic systems as well as an open interchange format for geographic transactions on the Internet. Key to GML's utility is its ability to integrate all forms of geographic information, including not only conventional "vector" or discrete objects, but coverages (see also GMLJP2) and sensor data. GML model GML contains a rich set of primitives which are used to build application specific schemas or application languages. These primitives include: * Feature * Geometry * Coordinate reference system * Topology * Time * Dynamic feature * Coverage (including geographic images) * Unit of measure * Directions * Observations * Map presentation styling rules The original GML model was based on the World Wide Web Consortium's Resource Description Framework (RDF). Subsequently, the OGC introduced XML schemas in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Plate Tectonics
Plate tectonics (from the la, label=Late Latin, tectonicus, from the grc, τεκτονικός, lit=pertaining to building) is the generally accepted scientific theory that considers the Earth's lithosphere to comprise a number of large tectonic plates which have been slowly moving since about 3.4 billion years ago. The model builds on the concept of ''continental drift'', an idea developed during the first decades of the 20th century. Plate tectonics came to be generally accepted by geoscientists after seafloor spreading was validated in the mid to late 1960s. Earth's lithosphere, which is the rigid outermost shell of the planet (the crust and upper mantle), is broken into seven or eight major plates (depending on how they are defined) and many minor plates or "platelets". Where the plates meet, their relative motion determines the type of plate boundary: '' convergent'', '' divergent'', or ''transform''. Earthquakes, volcanic activity, mountain-building, and oceanic tr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Python (programming Language)
Python is a high-level, general-purpose programming language. Its design philosophy emphasizes code readability with the use of significant indentation. Python is dynamically-typed and garbage-collected. It supports multiple programming paradigms, including structured (particularly procedural), object-oriented and functional programming. It is often described as a "batteries included" language due to its comprehensive standard library. Guido van Rossum began working on Python in the late 1980s as a successor to the ABC programming language and first released it in 1991 as Python 0.9.0. Python 2.0 was released in 2000 and introduced new features such as list comprehensions, cycle-detecting garbage collection, reference counting, and Unicode support. Python 3.0, released in 2008, was a major revision that is not completely backward-compatible with earlier versions. Python 2 was discontinued with version 2.7.18 in 2020. Python consistently ranks as ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Map Projection
In cartography, map projection is the term used to describe a broad set of transformations employed to represent the two-dimensional curved surface of a globe on a plane. In a map projection, coordinates, often expressed as latitude and longitude, of locations from the surface of the globe are transformed to coordinates on a plane. Projection is a necessary step in creating a two-dimensional map and is one of the essential elements of cartography. All projections of a sphere on a plane necessarily distort the surface in some way and to some extent. Depending on the purpose of the map, some distortions are acceptable and others are not; therefore, different map projections exist in order to preserve some properties of the sphere-like body at the expense of other properties. The study of map projections is primarily about the characterization of their distortions. There is no limit to the number of possible map projections. More generally, projections are considered in several fi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud
Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2) is a part of Amazon.com's cloud-computing platform, Amazon Web Services (AWS), that allows users to rent virtual computers on which to run their own computer applications. EC2 encourages scalable deployment of applications by providing a web service through which a user can boot an Amazon Machine Image (AMI) to configure a virtual machine, which Amazon calls an "instance", containing any software desired. A user can create, launch, and terminate server-instances as needed, paying by the second for active servershence the term "elastic". EC2 provides users with control over the geographical location of instances that allows for latency optimization and high levels of redundancy. In November 2010, Amazon switched its own retail website platform to EC2 and AWS. History Amazon announced a limited public beta test of EC2 on August 25, 2006, offering access on a first-come, first-served basis. Amazon added two new instance types (Large and Extra- ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
SourceForge
SourceForge is a web service that offers software consumers a centralized online location to control and manage open-source software projects and research business software. It provides source code repository hosting, bug tracking, mirroring of downloads for load balancing, a wiki for documentation, developer and user mailing lists, user-support forums, user-written reviews and ratings, a news bulletin, micro-blog for publishing project updates, and other features. SourceForge was one of the first to offer this service free of charge to open-source projects. Since 2012, the website has run on Apache Allura software. SourceForge offers free hosting and free access to tools for developers of free and open-source software. , the SourceForge repository claimed to host more than 502,000 projects and had more than 3.7 million registered users. Concept SourceForge is a web-based source code repository. It acts as a centralized location for free and open-source software pr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Maria Seton
Maria Seton (''nee'' Sdrolias) is an Australian geologist in the Faculty of Science EarthByte Group School of Geosciences at the University of Sydney. Seton's research is in the field of geophysics and geodynamics. Her main focus is the link between plate tectonic and mantle processes. Seton also works on kinematic controls on subduction and back-arc basin formation and the relationship between tectonics and palaeo-climate. Research Subduction and Back-arc-Basin Seton has recently updated the palaeo subduction and back-arc basin parameters. This important data was visualised in a new grid map available online. One of the main achievements of this work is the correlation made between the age of the subducting oceanic lithosphere and the intermediate dip of the slab. Related to the subduction survey, back-arc-basins were studied, and their occurrence was correlated to the age of subducting oceanic lithosphere. SW Pacific and Philippine Sea tectonics Seton had surveyed the S ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mike Gurnis
Michael Gurnis is the John E. and Hazel S. Smits Professor of Geophysics at the California Institute of Technology. Gurnis served as director of the Computational Infrastructure for Geodynamics (CIG), an NSF-funded institute operated by Caltech which supports and promotes Earth science by developing and maintaining open-source software for computational geophysics and related fields. Gurnis was awarded the 2013 Agustus Love Medal for fundamental contributions to geodynamics from the European Geosciences Union The European Geosciences Union (EGU) is a non-profit international union in the fields of Earth, planetary, and space sciences whose vision is to "realise a sustainable and just future for humanity and for the planet." The organisation has headq .... External links Michael Gurnis' Caltech Home PageMichael Gurnis' 2013 Augustus Love Medal citation California Institute of Technology faculty Living people Year of birth missing (living people) {{US-academic-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
GLEW
OpenGL (Open Graphics Library) is a cross-language, cross-platform application programming interface (API) for rendering 2D and 3D vector graphics. The API is typically used to interact with a graphics processing unit (GPU), to achieve hardware-accelerated rendering. Silicon Graphics, Inc. (SGI) began developing OpenGL in 1991 and released it on June 30, 1992; applications use it extensively in the fields of computer-aided design (CAD), virtual reality, scientific visualization, information visualization, flight simulation, and video games. Since 2006, OpenGL has been managed by the non-profit technology consortium Khronos Group. Design The OpenGL specification describes an abstract API for drawing 2D and 3D graphics. Although it is possible for the API to be implemented entirely in software, it is designed to be implemented mostly or entirely in hardware. The API is defined as a set of functions which may be called by the client program, alongside a set of named intege ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Proj
PROJ (formerly PROJ.4) is a library for performing conversions between cartographic projections. The library is based on the work of Gerald Evenden at the United States Geological Survey (USGS), but since 2019-11-26 is an Open Source Geospatial Foundation (OSGeo) project maintained by the PROJ Project Steering Committee (PSC). The library also ships with executables for performing these transformations from the command line. History The history of PROJ dates back to the late 1970s, and the first release of PROJ was developed by Gerald Evenden in the early 1980s as a Ratfor program. It was based on the General Cartographic Transformation Package or GCTP, which consisted of Fortran subroutines that could be used to project geographic data. The second release of PROJ from 1985 was rewritten in C to run on UNIX systems. The third release of PROJ from 1990, was expanded to support approximately 70 cartographic projections. Evenden further developed a fourth release in 1994, named P ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
