|
Good Behavior Game
The Good Behavior Game (GBG) is a classroom management strategy used to increase self-regulation, group regulation and stimulate prosocial behavior among students while reducing problematic behavior. Major research at Johns Hopkinhas studied three cohorts of thousands of student, some of whom have been followed from first grade into their 20s. In multiple scientific studies, the Good Behavior Game dramatically reduces problematic behavior within days and weeks. The first study of GBG was published in 1969, using a 4th grade classroom. The study was the first application of applied behavior analysis to a whole classroom. In the original study, the classroom was divided into two teams. The students were to engage in the math or reading activities as teams. Paying attention, engaging in the lessons or activity, was the "good behavior". If students engaged in actions the interfered with the lesson (e.g., getting out their seat, interrupting), that was a penalty point against the team†... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Premack's Principle
The Premack principle, or the relativity theory of reinforcement, states that more probable behaviors will reinforce less probable behaviors. Origin and description The Premack principle was derived from a study of Cebus monkeys by David Premack. It was found that parameters can be understood in which the monkey operates. However, it has explanatory and predictive power when applied to humans, and it has been used by therapists practicing applied behavior analysis. Premack principle suggests that if a person wants to perform a given activity, the person will perform a less desirable activity to get at the more desirable activity; that is, activities may themselves be reinforcers. An individual will be more motivated to perform a particular activity if they know that they will partake in a more desirable activity as a consequence. Stated objectively, if high-probability behaviors (more desirable behaviors) are made contingent upon lower-probability behaviors (less desirable behavio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Montrose Wolf
Montrose Madison Wolf (May 29, 1935 – March 19, 2004) was an American psychologist. He developed the technique of " time-out" as a learning tool to shape behavior in children in the 1960s. He was a leader in creating the discipline of problem-solving, real-world psychological research known as applied behavior analysis. He created the Teaching Family Model as an intervention program for dealing with juvenile delinquents. He helped replicate this model almost 800 times. In the field of applied behavior analysis he introduced and named the concept of social validity. Donald Baer, Sidney W. Bijou, Todd Risley, James Sherman, and Wolf established the ''Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis'', in 1968 as a peer-reviewed journal publishing research about experimental analysis of behavior The experimental analysis of behavior is school of thought in psychology founded on B. F. Skinner's philosophy of radical behaviorism and defines the basic principles used in applied behavior analys ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Institute On Drug Abuse
The National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) is a United States federal government research institute whose mission is to "advance science on the causes and consequences of drug use and addiction and to apply that knowledge to improve individual and public health." The institute has conducted an in-depth study of addiction according to its biological, behavioral and social components. It has also supported many treatments such as nicotine patches and gums, and performed research into AIDS and other drug-related diseases. Its monopoly on the supply of research-grade marijuana has proved controversial. History NIDA's roots can be traced back to 1935, when a research facility (named the Addiction Research Center in 1948) was established in Lexington, Kentucky as part of a USPHS hospital. The Drug Abuse Warning Network (DAWN) and National Household Survey on Drug Abuse (NHSDA) were created in 1972. In 1974 NIDA was established as part of the Alcohol, Drug Abuse, and Mental Health A ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |