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Ghazni Under The Ghaznavids
Ghazni is a city in southeastern Afghanistan, which served as the capital of the Ghaznavid Empire from 977 to 1163. Etymology The toponym Ghazni is known to have existed prior to the Islamic period. It is derived from the Iranian word ''Ganzak'' ("treasury"). Classical authors mention the name in various forms, including the Greek Gázaca (), and the Chinese Ho(k)-si(k)-na. History of the Ghaznavid city Background Although not a member of the Ghaznavid family, the foundation of the Ghazni as a Ghaznavid city can be attributed to the Turkic slave commander of the Samanid Empire, Alp-Tegin, who after his unsuccessful attempt to put the Samanid prince Nasr on the throne, was forced to flee from the court in Bukhara. In 963, Alp-Tegin accompanied by his personal guard of Turkic slave-soldiers and group of Iranian ''ghazis'' left for Ghazni, which was a small town in Zabulistan ruled by the local Lawik dynasty. He seized Ghazni from Abu Bakr Lawik, a kinsman of the Kabulshah, an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ghaznavids
The Ghaznavid dynasty ( fa, غزنویان ''Ġaznaviyān'') was a culturally Persianate, Sunni Muslim dynasty of Turkic ''mamluk'' origin, ruling, at its greatest extent, large parts of Persia, Khorasan, much of Transoxiana and the northwest Indian subcontinent from 977 to 1186. The dynasty was founded by Sabuktigin upon his succession to the rule of Ghazna after the death of his father-in-law, Alp Tigin, who was an ex-general of the Samanid Empire from Balkh, north of the Hindu Kush in Greater Khorasan. Sabuktigin's son, Mahmud of Ghazni, expanded the Ghaznavid Empire to the Amu Darya, the Indus River and the Indian Ocean in the east and to Rey and Hamadan in the west. Under the reign of Mas'ud I, the Ghaznavid dynasty began losing control over its western territories to the Seljuk dynasty after the Battle of Dandanaqan, resulting in a restriction of its holdings to modern-day Afghanistan and Pakistan (Punjab and Balochistan). In 1151, Sultan Bahram Shah lost Ghazni to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hindu Shahi
The Hindu Shahis (also known as Oddiyana, Odi Shahis, Uḍi Śāhis, or Brahman Shahis, 822–1026 CE) were a dynasty that held sway over the Kabul Valley, Gandhara and western Punjab region, Punjab during the early medieval period in the Indian subcontinent. Details regarding past rulers can only be assembled from disparate chronicles, coins and stone inscriptions. Scholarship Scholarship on Hindu Shahis remain scarce. Colonial scholars—James Prinsep, Alexander Cunningham, Henry Miers Elliot, Edward Thomas (antiquarian), Edward Thomas et al.—had published on the Hindu Shahis, primarily from a numismatic perspective. The first comprehensive volume on the subject appeared in 1972 by Yogendra Mishra, a professor in the Department of History of Patna University; he explored the Rajatarangini meticulously but lacked in numismatics and paleography. The next year, Deena Bandhu Pandey—Professor of Art History at Banaras Hindu University—published his doctoral dissertation but ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Palace Of Sultan Mas'ud III
The Palace of Sultan Mas'ud III is a Ghaznavid palace in Ghazni, Afghanistan. The palace was built in 1112 by Sultan Mas'ūd III (1099-1114/5), son of Ibrahim of Ghazna. Description There is a dado with a poem in Persian and Kufic script and one in Arabic. There is a marble arch bearing the name of the sultan. The site has a small cemetery that includes the domed ziyarat of Ibrahim of Ghazna Ibrahim of Ghazna (b. 1033 – d. 1099) was sultan of the Ghaznavid empire from April 1059 until his death in 1099. Having been imprisoned at the fortress of Barghund, he was one of the Ghaznavid princes that escaped the usurper Toghrul's massacr ... in the west side of the palace. File:MNAO-GhazniPalMasudIII-Lastra1.jpg, Carved relief from the Palace of Masud III File:MNAO-GhazniPalMasudIII-DecorazioneCotto3.jpg, Carved relief from the Palace of Masud III File:Architectural panel Afghanistan Ghaznavid dynasty reign of Mas ud III 1100-1150 CE Marble (2414429094).jpg, Ghaznavid panel, P ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ghazni Minarets
Ghazni Minarets are two elaborately decorated minaret towers located in Ghazni city, central Afghanistan. They were built in middle of the twelfth century and are the only surviving elements of the mosque of Bahram Shah.C.E. Bosworth, ''The Later Ghaznavids'', (Columbia University Press, 1977), 115. The two minarets are 600 meters (1968 feet) apart and lie in an open plain, north-east of Ghazni city. The minarets had a height of 44 meters in the 19th century, before the top half of both minarets crumbled in an earthquake in 1902. Now the minarets are about 20 meters high. Both minarets of Ghazni are 20 metres (66 feet) tall and built of fired mud brick. The surface of the towers are decorated beautifully with intricate geometric patterns and Qurunic verses on elaborate terracotta tiles. In the 1960s, both towers were fitted with sheet metal roofs in a limited preservation effort. The ruins of the Palace of Sultan Mas'ud III are located near Mas'ud III's minaret. History The 12t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mas'ud III Of Ghazni
Mas'ūd III of Ghazna (b. 1061 – d. 1115), was a sultan of the Ghaznavid Empire and son of Ibrahim of Ghazna. Life Mas'ūd was born in 1061 in Ghazni. Reign Mas'ud was sultan for 16 years. In 1112, Mas'ūd III built the Palace of Sultan Mas'ud III in Ghazni, Afghanistan. Mas'ūd also built one of the Minarets of Ghazni. Signs of weakness in the state became apparent when he died in 1115, with internal strife between his sons ending with the ascension of Sultan Bahram Shah as a Seljuk vassal. Bahram Shah defeated his brother Arslan for the throne at the Battle of Ghazni in 1117. After the battle, he had his brother Arslan imprisoned in Lahore. Architecture Minaret of Mas'ud III in Ghazni File:Mas'ud III b. Ibrahim minaret, Ghazni, built between 1099 and 1115 CE.jpg, Mas'ud III b. Ibrahim Ghazni minaret, Ghazni, built between 1099 and 1115 CE File:Detail of the Intricate Brickwork on the Mas'ud III Tower.jpg, Detail of the intricate brickwork on the Mas'ud III Tower Pala ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ala Al-Din Husayn
Ala al-Din Husayn (Persian: علاء الدین حسین) was king of the Ghurid dynasty from 1149 to 1161. He was one of the greatest Ghurid kings, and it was during his reign that the Ghurid dynasty rose to prominence. Early life When Ala al-Din's brother, Sayf al-Din Suri, ascended the throne, he divided the Ghurid kingdom among his brothers; Fakhr al-Din Masud received land near the Hari River; Baha al-Din Sam I received Ghur; Shihab al-Din Muhammad Kharnak received Madin; Shuja al-Din Ali received Jarmas; Ala al-Din Husayn received Wajiristan; and Qutb al-Din Muhammad received Warshad Warsh, where he built the famous city of Firuzkuh. However, Sayf later quarreled with his brother Qutb, who took refuge in Ghazna, and was poisoned by the Ghaznavid sultan Bahram-Shah of Ghazna. In order to avenge his brother, Sayf marched towards Ghazna in 1148, and scored a victory at the Battle of Ghazni while Bahram fled to Kurram. Building an army, Bahram marched back to Ghazna. Sayf fle ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ghurid Dynasty
The Ghurid dynasty (also spelled Ghorids; fa, دودمان غوریان, translit=Dudmân-e Ğurīyân; self-designation: , ''Šansabānī'') was a Persianate dynasty and a clan of presumably eastern Iranian Tajik origin, which ruled from the 10th-century to 1215. The Ghurids were centered in the Ghor of present-day central Afghanistan, where they initially started out as local chiefs. They gradually converted to Sunni Islam from Buddhism after the conquest of Ghor by the Ghaznavid ruler Mahmud of Ghazni in 1011. The dynasty ultimately overthrew the Ghaznavid Empire when Muhammad of Ghor conquered the last Ghaznavid principality of Lahore in 1186 from Khusrau Malik. The Ghurids initially ruled as vassals of the Ghaznavids and later of the Seljuks. However, during the early twelfth century the long-standing rivalry between the Seljuks and Ghaznavids created a power vacuum in Khurasan which the Ghurids took advantage of and began their territorial expansion. Ala al-Din Hu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Farrukh-Zad Of Ghazna
Farrukh-Zad (Full name: ''Jamal ad-Dawlah Abu Shuja Farrukh-Zad''), was sultan of the Ghaznavid Empire from (1053 – 4 April 1059). His reign was considered one of benevolence, prosperity and tranquility for the Ghaznavid empire. It was free of the chaotic turbulence and greed from palace ghulams until the end of his reign. He was a very devout Muslim and fasted during Rajab, Sha'ban and Ramadan. Biography Having been at the fortress of Barghund, Farrukh-Zad was one of the Ghaznavid princes that escaped the usurper Toghrul's massacre in 1052. Farrukh employed Abd al-Razzaq Maymandi, a former vizier of Maudud and Abd Rashid, but later had him dismissed and imprisoned. He also freed Abul-Fazl Bayhaqi from his imprisonment and it was during Farrukh's reign that Bayhaqi wrote his ''Mujalladat'' ( Tarikh-e Beyhaqi). Following the chaos of Toghrul's usurpation, Chagri Beg sent a Seljuq army to take Ghazni, but the ghulam general Khirghiz intercepted and defeated it. Meanwhile in 10 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Toghrul Of Ghazna
Toghrul of Ghazna (full name: ''Qiwam ad-Dawlah Abu Said Toghrul''), was a Turkic slave general and usurper of the Ghaznavid throne. He was originally a ''ghulam'' in the service of the Ghaznavid Empire. Following his usurpation of the Ghaznavid throne from Abd al-Rashid and massacre of eleven Ghaznavid royal princes, he was known as ''the accursed'', ''the inauspicious'', ''the arrogant'' and ''the contemptible''. Life Toghrul started his service as a ghulam of Sultan Mahmud and by the reign of Abd al-Rashid had risen to commander in chief of the army. He was appointed as military governor of Lahore. In 1042–43, Toghrul invaded Sistan with 2,000 troops and captured a Saffarid family member Abu n-Nasr. Abu n-Nasr was taken back to Ghazna and later exchanged for a son of the Ghaznavid vizier, Ahmed Hasan Maimandi. However, Toghrul continued onward, occupying Karkuya and massacring both Muslim and Zoroastrian populations indiscriminately. Toghrul led an army against Alp Arsla ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ghilman
Ghilman (singular ar, غُلاَم ',Other standardized transliterations: '' / ''. . plural ')Other standardized transliterations: '' / ''. . were slave-soldiers and/or mercenaries in the armies throughout the Islamic world, such as the Safavid, Afsharid and Qajar empires. Islamic states from the early 9th century to the early 19th century consistently deployed slaves as soldiers, a phenomenon that was very rare outside of the Islamic world. The Quran mentions ''ghilman'' () as serving boys who are one of the delights of ''Jannah'' or paradise/heaven of Islam, in vers 52:24 (Vers56:17is also thought to refer to ghilman.) Etymology The words ''ghilman'' () and its singular variant ''ghulam'' () are of Arabic origin, meaning ' or '. It derives from the Arabic root ''ḡ-l-m'' (). History The ''ghilman'' were slave-soldiers taken as prisoners of war from conquered regions or frontier zones, especially from among the Turkic people of Central Asia and the Caucasian peoples ( Tu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mirek Firdousi Gazna
Mirek may refer to: * Mirək, a village in Azerbaijan * Mirek Mazur, Canadian cycling coach of Polish origin * Mirek Topolánek, Czech politician * Mirek Switalski, Mexican sports shooter * Mirek Smíšek, New Zealander artist of Czech origin * Joanna Mirek, Polish volleyball player * Debbie Mirek, American writer, co-author of ''The Star Trek Encyclopedia ''The Star Trek Encyclopedia: A Reference Guide to the Future'' is a 1994 encyclopedia of in-universe information from the '' Star Trek'' television series and films. It was written by Michael Okuda and Denise Okuda, who were production staff o ...'' See also * {{disambig, geo, given name, surname ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mahmud Coin Minted In Ghazni
Mahmud is a transliteration of the male Arabic given name (), common in most parts of the Islamic world. It comes from the Arabic triconsonantal root Ḥ-M-D, meaning ''praise'', along with ''Muhammad''. Siam Mahmud *Mahmood (singer) (born 1992), full name Alessandro Mahmoud, Italian singer of Italian and Egyptian origin *Mahmoud (horse) (foaled 1933), French-bred, British-trained Thoroughbred racehorse and sire *Mehmood (actor), Indian actor, singer, director and producer Given name Mahmood *Mahmood Ali (1928–2008), Pakistani radio, television and stage artist *Mahmood Hussain (cricketer) (1932–1991), Pakistani Test cricketer * Mahmood Hussain (councillor), former Lord Mayor of Birmingham, England *Mahmood Mamdani (born 1946), Ugandan academic, author and political commentator *Mahmood Monshipouri (born 1952), Iranian-born American scholar, educator, and author *Mahmood Shaam (born 1940), Pakistani Urdu language journalist, poet writer and analyst *Mahmood (singer) (born 19 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
