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German Federal Election, 1898
Federal elections were held in Germany on 16 June 1898.Dieter Nohlen Dieter Nohlen (born 6 November 1939) is a German academic and political scientist. He currently holds the position of Emeritus Professor of Political Science in the Faculty of Economic and Social Sciences of the University of Heidelberg. An expe ... & Philip Stöver (2010) ''Elections in Europe: A data handbook'', p762 Despite the Social Democratic Party (SPD) receiving the most votes, the Centre Party remained the largest party in the Reichstag after winning 102 of the 397 seats, whilst the SPD won just 56. Voter turnout was 68.1%.Nohlen & Stöver, p774 Results Alsace-Lorraine References {{German elections Federal elections in Germany Elections in the German Empire Germany 1898 elections in Germany June 1898 events ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Reichstag (German Empire)
The Reichstag () of the German Empire was Germany's lower house of parliament from 1871 to 1918. Within the governmental structure of the Reich, it represented the national and democratic element alongside the federalism of the Bundesrat and the monarchic and bureaucratic element of the executive, embodied in the Reich chancellor. Together with the Bundesrat, the Reichstag had legislative power and shared in decision-making on the Reich budget. It also had certain rights of control over the executive branch and could engage the public through its debates. The emperor had little political power, and over time the position of the Reichstag strengthened with respect to the Bundesrat. Reichstag members were elected for three year terms from 1871 to 1888 and following that for five years. It had one of the most progressive electoral laws of its time: with only a few restrictions, all men 25 and older were allowed to vote, secretly and equally. The Reichstag met throughout the First Wo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Centre Party (Germany)
The Centre Party (german: Zentrum), officially the German Centre Party (german: link=no, Deutsche Zentrumspartei) and also known in English as the Catholic Centre Party, is a Catholic political party in Germany, influential in the German Empire and Weimar Republic. It is the oldest German political party to be still in existence since its founding date. Formed in 1870, it successfully battled the '' Kulturkampf'' waged by Chancellor Otto von Bismarck against the Catholic Church. It soon won a quarter of the seats in the Reichstag (Imperial Parliament), and its middle position on most issues allowed it to play a decisive role in the formation of majorities. The party name ''Zentrum'' (Centre) originally came from the fact Catholic representatives would take up the middle section of seats in parliament between social democrats and conservatives. For most of the Weimar Republic, the Centre Party was the third-largest party in the Reichstag and a bulwark of the Republic, participati ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National-Social Association
The National-Social Association (german: Nationalsozialer Verein, NSV) was a political party in the German Empire, founded in 1896 by Friedrich Naumann. It sought to synthesise liberalism, nationalism and non- Marxist socialism with Protestant Christian values in order to cross the ideological front lines and draw workers away from Marxist class struggle. However, it never grew beyond a minor party of intellectuals which failed to gain mass support in elections. History In the second half of the 19th century, Germany underwent a rapid industrialization, which was connected with rising social problems. As a result of this, the Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD) was founded and soon outlawed under the first Chancellor of the German Empire Otto von Bismarck. After the party was legalized again in 1890 (the year Bismarck resigned), it enjoyed considerable success at elections. Since the SPD was Marxist, using Karl Marx's ''Das Kapital'' for their theoretical underpinnin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Christian Social Party (Germany)
The Christian Social Party (german: Christlich–soziale Partei, CSP) was a right-wing political party in the German Empire founded in 1878 by Adolf Stoecker as the Christian Social Workers' Party (german: Christlichsoziale Arbeiterpartei, CSPA). The party combined a strong Christian-right programme with progressive ideas on labour and tried to provide an alternative for disillusioned Social Democrat voters. Part of the Berlin movement, it increasingly focused on the Jewish question with a distinct antisemitic attitude. History In December 1877, Adolf Stoecker, domestic chaplain at the court of Emperor Wilhelm I and board member of the Evangelical Church of the Prussian Union, together with the economist Adolph Wagner had founded the Central Association for Social Reform (''Zentralverein für Sozialreform''), dealing with injustice and poverty after the Industrial Revolution. The organization was meant to counter the rise of the presumably revolutionary Social Democratic Part ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
German Agrarian League
The ''Bund der Landwirte'' (Agrarian League) (BDL) was a German advocacy group founded 18 February 1893 by farmers and agricultural interests in response to the farm crisis of the 1890s, and more specifically the result of the protests against the low-tariff policies of Chancellor Leo von Caprivi, including his free trade policies. According to James C Hunt, the Agrarian League was launched to protest the reduction in tariffs against imported grains; The old tariffs were designed to keep prices high for the farmers; this kept food prices high for urban consumers. The new tariffs were designed to lower the cost of food to consumers, and open up new business opportunities for German exporters. The League was organized nationally like a political party, with local chapters, centralized discipline, and a clear-cut platform. It fought against free trade, industrialization, and liberalism. Its most hated enemy was socialism, which it blamed on Jewish financial capitalism. The League helpe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
German-Hanoverian Party
The German-Hanoverian Party (german: Deutsch-Hannoversche Partei, DHP), also known as the Guelph Party (german: Welfenpartei), was a conservative, federalist political party in the German Empire and the Weimar Republic. History The party was founded in 1867 in protest of the annexation of the Kingdom of Hanover by the Kingdom of Prussia in the aftermath of the Austro-Prussian War.Vincent E McHale (1983) ''Political parties of Europe'', Greenwood Press, p420 They wanted the revival of the Kingdom of Hanover and the restoration of the sequestrated assets of the former ruling House of Welf. The party therefore was also called the ''Welfen'', and drew its strongest support from the rural areas around Hannover. In the Reichstag DHP deputies usually acted as allies of the anti-Prussian Centre Party parliamentary group under Ludwig Windthorst, who although a Catholic and leader of the Centre Party was a former Hanoverian Justice Minister who was loyal to the House of Welf. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
German People's Party (1868)
The German People's Party (german: Deutsche Volkspartei, DtVP) was a German liberal party created in 1868 by the wing of the German Progress Party which during the conflict about whether the unification of Germany should be led by the Kingdom of Prussia or Austria-Hungary supported Austria. The party was most popular in Southern Germany. Initially, the South German democrats supported the Greater German solution of the German Question. After the establishment of the German Empire in 1871 under Prussia, the solution which excluded Austria, it advocated federalist structures and defended the South German states' rights against increasing strengthening of the central government in Berlin. Insistently, the party demanded democratic reforms, in particular strengthening of the position of the parliament, which had no say in the formation of the government and no influence on government policies as the government was appointed and dismissed by the emperor alone. In contrast to the N ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alsace-Lorraine Party
The Alsace-Lorraine Party (german: Elsäss-Lothringen Partei; also known as Elsässer) was a political party in the German Empire. History The party first contested national elections in 1874,Vincent E McHale (1983) ''Political parties of Europe'', Greenwood Press, p417 winning 15 seats.McHale, p434 It went on to win 15 seats in every election until 1890 Events January–March * January 1 ** The Kingdom of Italy establishes Eritrea as its colony, in the Horn of Africa. ** In Michigan, the wooden steamer ''Mackinaw'' burns in a fire on the Black River. * January 2 ** The steamship ..., when it was reduced to 10 seats. As more Alsatians emigrated to France, the party's support declined, and it never won more than 10 seats following the 1890 elections. When Alsace-Lorraine was returned to France after World War I, the party disappeared. Ideology The party represented the autonomist views of the French-speaking population of Alsace-Lorraine. It protested against ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bavarian Peasants' League
The Bavarian Peasants' League (german: Bayerischer Bauernbund, or BB) was an agrarian political party in Bavaria, Germany, from 1893 to 1933. It has also been known in English as the Bavarian Farmers' League. The BB represented the farming interests in the Landtag of Bavaria The Landtag of Bavaria, officially known in English as the Bavarian State Parliament, is the unicameral legislature of the German state of Bavaria. The parliament meets in the Maximilianeum in Munich. Elections to the Landtag are held every f ... and in the German Reichstag. Further reading * Political parties established in 1870 Political parties disestablished in 1933 Agrarian parties in Germany Liberal parties in Germany Politics of Bavaria Defunct regional parties in Germany 1870 establishments in Bavaria 1933 disestablishments in Germany Bavarian nationalism {{Germany-org-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Free-minded Union
The Free-minded Union (german: Freisinnige Vereinigung; FVg) or Radical Union was a liberal party in the German Empire that existed from 1893 to 1910. Emergence Inside its predecessor, the German Free-minded Party, there had always been tensions between the leftist and the moderate wing. Another contentious point was the personalist style of leader Eugen Richter. When Chancellor Leo von Caprivi presented an army bill in parliament on 6 May 1893, seven Free-minded representatives, among them Georg von Siemens, decided to accept the motion. Consequently, Richter urged successfully the expulsion of the deviants. Other moderate party members, including Ludwig Bamberger and Theodor Barth, left voluntarily and formed the Free-minded Union. The left liberal wing of the Free-mindeds, loyal to Richter, assembled in the Free-minded People's Party The new party focused on political and economically liberal positions. In the federal election of 1893, it won 13 seats. The union was initiall ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
German Social Reform Party
The German Social Reform Party (german: Deutschsoziale Reformpartei or DSRP) was a German Empire antisemitic political party active from 1894 to 1900. It was a merger between the German Reform Party (DRP) and the German Social Party (DSP). Formation In the early 1890s political antisemitism in Germany was represented by both the DRP (led by Otto Böckel and Oswald Zimmermann) and DSP of Max Liebermann von Sonnenberg, with the latter being closer to mainstream conservative politics than the more radical DRP. Both parties had minor representation in the Reichstag, where they co-operated. When a merger was suggested the main impetus within the DRP came from Zimmermann, with Böckel in favour of maintaining separate existences. Robert Melson, ''Revolution and Genocide: On the Origins of the Armenian Genocide and the Holocaust'', University of Chicago Press, 1996, p. 118 Ultimately however the merger was concluded in 1894 and Böckel, who had lost his Reichstag seat the previous yea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Free Conservative Party
The Free Conservative Party (german: Freikonservative Partei, FKP) was a liberal-conservative political party in Prussia and the German Empire which emerged from the Prussian Conservative Party in the Prussian Landtag in 1866. In the federal elections to the Reichstag parliament from 1871, it ran as the German Reich Party (german: Deutsche Reichspartei, DRP). DRP was classified as centrist or centre-right by political standards at the time, and it also put forward the slogan " conservative progress". The Free Conservative Association achieved party status in 1867, comprising German nobles and East Elbian Junkers (land owners) like Duke Victor of Ratibor and Karl Rudolf Friedenthal, industrialists and government officials like Johann Viktor Bredt, Hermann von Hatzfeldt, Hermann von Dechend, Prince Karl Max von Lichnowsky or General Hans Hartwig von Beseler and scholars like Hans Delbrück and Otto Hoetzsch. It was distinguished from the German Conservative Party established ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
