|
Genoese Fortress, Sudak
The Genoese fortress (; ; ) or Sudak fortress is a fortress in Sudak, Crimea, built by the Republic of Genoa, Genoese in 13th–14th centuries. The total area of the fortress is 27.9 Hectare, ha. History First fortifications near Sudak were built by the Romans in 3rd–4th centuries. Bosporan Kingdom, Bosporans had their own fortifications in Sougdaia (Sudak) as well. In 13th century, the Genoese started settling in Sougdaia. In late 13th to early 14th century, stone fortifications were built around the city center. In the first half of 14th century, the Mongols Mongol invasion of Europe, invaded the city, and as the result, the original Genoese fortifications were ruined. After the death of Khan Berdi Beg, the Republic of Genoa retook Sougdaia (then named Soldaia), and a new fortress was built around the city. This period of the fortress's history is most well-researched thanks to inscriptions left on the walls by the Genoese. In 1475, Sudak came under the control of the Ottoman ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sudak
Sudak ( Ukrainian and Russian: ; ; ; sometimes spelled Sudac or Sudagh) is a city, multiple former Eastern Orthodox bishopric and double Latin Catholic titular see. It is of regional significance in Crimea, a territory recognized by most countries as part of Ukraine but annexed by Russia as the Republic of Crimea. Sudak serves as the administrative center of Sudak Municipality, one of the regions Crimea is divided into. It is situated to the west of Feodosia (the nearest railway station) and to the east of Simferopol, the republic's capital. Population: A city of antiquity, today it is a popular resort, best known for its Genoese fortress, the best preserved on the northern shore of the Black Sea. History Foundation and early Middle Ages The date and circumstances of the city's foundation are uncertain. The first written reference to the city dates to the 7th century (in the ''Ravenna Cosmography''), but later local tradition places its foundation in 212 CE, and arch ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Reserve "Sophia Of Kyiv"
The National Reserve "Sophia of Kyiv" () is a historic preserve that contains a complex of museums in Kyiv and Sudak and responsible for maintenance and preservation of some of its most precious historic sites. List of landmarks in the complex Kyiv * Complex of Saint Sophia Cathedral, Kyiv, Saint Sophia Cathedral, prime landmark * Golden Gate, Kyiv, Golden Gates, part of Sophia of Kyiv since 1983 * St. Cyril's Monastery, Kyiv, St. Cyril's Monastery, created in 1929, was transferred to Sophia of Kyiv in 1965 * St Andrew's Church, Kyiv, St Andrew's Church, part of All-Ukrainian Historic Site 1935, it was transferred to Sophia of Kyiv in 1939 and 1968 Crimea * Genoese fortress, Sudak, Sudak fortress, created in 1371–1460, became a part of Sophia of Kyiv in 1958 History In 1934, by the order of the authorities of the Soviet Ukraine, the creation of the cultural reserve at the site of the Saint Sophia's Cathedral, Kyiv, Saint Sophia Cathedral likely saved one of the holiest sites ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Buildings And Structures In Crimea
A building or edifice is an enclosed structure with a roof, walls and windows, usually standing permanently in one place, such as a house or factory. Buildings come in a variety of sizes, shapes, and functions, and have been adapted throughout history for numerous factors, from building materials available, to weather conditions, land prices, ground conditions, specific uses, prestige, and aesthetic reasons. To better understand the concept, see ''Nonbuilding structure'' for contrast. Buildings serve several societal needs – occupancy, primarily as shelter from weather, security, living space, privacy, to store belongings, and to comfortably live and work. A building as a shelter represents a physical separation of the human habitat (a place of comfort and safety) from the ''outside'' (a place that may be harsh and harmful at times). buildings have been objects or canvasses of much artistic expression. In recent years, interest in sustainable planning and building practi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Castles In Ukraine
This is a list of castles in Ukraine. A * Akkerman Fortress in Bilhorod-Dnistrovskyi, Odesa Oblast B * Bar Castle in Bar, Vinnytsia Oblast * Bavoriv Castle in Bavoriv, Ternopil Oblast * Berdychiv Castle in Berdychiv, Zhytomyr Oblast * Berezhany Castle in Berezhany, Ternopil Oblast * Bilche-Zolote Castle in Bilche-Zolote, Ternopil Oblast * Borky Castle in Velyki Birky, Ternopil Oblast * Borshchiv Castle in Borshchiv, Ternopil Oblast * Brody Castle in Brody, Lviv Oblast * The ruined Bronka Castle in Bronka, Zakarpattia Oblast * Buchach Castle in Buchach, Ternopil Oblast * Budaniv Castle in Budaniv, Ternopil Oblast C * The ruined Chervonohorod Castle in Nyrkiv, Ternopil Oblast * Chembalo fortress in Balaklava, Sevastopol * Cherkasy Castle * The ruined Chernelytsia Castle in Chernelytsia, Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast * The ruined fortress around Chernihiv Val in Chernihiv * Chernykhivtsi Castle in Chernykhivtsi, Ternopil Oblast * Chervonyi Castle in Kopych ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Forts In Russia
A fortification (also called a fort, fortress, fastness, or stronghold) is a military construction designed for the defense of territories in warfare, and is used to establish rule in a region during peacetime. The term is derived from Latin ("strong") and ("to make"). From very early history to modern times, defensive walls have often been necessary for cities to survive in an ever-changing world of invasion and conquest. Some settlements in the Indus Valley Civilization were the first small cities to be fortified. In ancient Greece, large cyclopean stone walls fitted without mortar had been built in Mycenaean Greece, such as the ancient site of Mycenae. A Greek '' phrourion'' was a fortified collection of buildings used as a military garrison, and is the equivalent of the Roman castellum or fortress. These constructions mainly served the purpose of a watch tower, to guard certain roads, passes, and borders. Though smaller than a real fortress, they acted as a border gu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Genoese Towers In Corsica
The Genoese towers in Corsica (, , singular : , also ; ) are a series of coastal defences constructed by the Republic of Genoa between 1530 and 1620 to stem the attacks by Barbary pirates. Corsica had been controlled by the Genoese since 1284 when they established their supremacy over the Pisans in the naval Battle of Meloria. Toward the end of the 15th century the Ottoman Turks expanded their control of the Mediterranean westwards and became a dominant maritime power in the region. In 1480 they sacked Otranto in southern Italy and in 1516 they took control of Algiers. In the first decades of the 16th century Turkish corsairs in galleys and fustas often rowed by Christian slaves began attacking villages around the Corsican coastline. Many hundreds of villagers were captured and taken away to be sold as slaves. The Genoese Republic responded by building a series of towers around the coastline. Most were built to a similar circular design with a roof terrace protected by machicol ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Genoese Colonies
The Genoese colonies were a series of economic and trade posts in the Mediterranean Sea, Mediterranean and Black Seas. Some of them had been established directly under the patronage of the republican authorities to support the economy of the local merchants (especially after privileges obtained during the Crusades), while others originated as feudal possessions of Genoese nobles, or had been founded by powerful private institutions, such as the Bank of Saint George. History Background During the Early Middle Ages, Genoa was a small, poor fishing village of 4,000 inhabitants. By slowly building its merchant fleet, it rose as the leading commercial carrier of the Western Mediterranean, starting to become independent from the Holy Roman Empire around the 11th century. A meeting of all the city's trade associations (''compagnie'') and the noble lords of the surrounding valleys and coasts eventually signaled the birth of Genoese government. The then-born city-state was known as ''Co ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Moat
A moat is a deep, broad ditch dug around a castle, fortification, building, or town, historically to provide it with a preliminary line of defence. Moats can be dry or filled with water. In some places, moats evolved into more extensive water defences, including natural or artificial lakes, dams and sluices. In older fortifications, such as hillforts, they are usually referred to simply as ditches, although the function is similar. In later periods, moats or water defences may be largely ornamental. They could also act as a sewer. Historical use Ancient Some of the earliest evidence of moats has been uncovered around ancient Egyptian fortresses. One example is at Buhen, a settlement excavated in Nubia. Other evidence of ancient moats is found in the ruins of Babylon, and in reliefs from ancient Egypt, Assyria, and other cultures in the region. Evidence of early moats around settlements has been discovered in many archaeological sites throughout Southeast Asia, including ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of World Heritage Sites In Ukraine
The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) designates World Heritage Sites of outstanding universal value to cultural or natural heritage which have been nominated by countries that are signatories to the UNESCO World Heritage Convention, established in 1972. Cultural heritage consists of monuments (such as architectural works, monumental sculptures, or inscriptions), groups of buildings, and sites (including archaeological sites). Natural heritage is defined as natural features (consisting of physical and biological formations), geological and physiographical formations (including habitats of threatened species of animals and plants), and natural sites which are important from the point of view of science, conservation or natural beauty. Ukraine officially adopted the UNESCO Convention and became an independent member on 12 October 1988, while still officially being a Union Republic of the Soviet Union (prior to its dissolution in 1991). , t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Seven Wonders Of Ukraine
The Seven Wonders of Ukraine ( ) are seven historical and cultural monuments of Ukraine, which were chosen in the ''Seven Wonders of Ukraine'' contest held in July, 2007. This was the first public contest of that kind which was followed by the Seven Natural Wonders of Ukraine, the Seven Wonderful Routes of Ukraine, and the Seven Wonderful Castles of Ukraine. All nominated sites are publicly owned protected areas of at least regional level, available for tourism. The voting for all contests consisted of two parts: experts in Ukraine voted for their seven best sites, and internet users voted for their seven favorite sites on the official website. History The initiative was started by (one of the) deputy chairman of Verkhovna Rada Mykola Tomenko under the motto "Piznai Ukrainu!" (Discover Ukraine). The initiative was a continuation of numerous preceding public actions that took place in various regions of Ukraine such as "Kupala's games at the native land of Gogol" (Poltava Ob ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
