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General Commission Of German Trade Unions
The General Commission of German Trade Unions (german: Generalkommission der Gewerkschaften Deutschlands) was an umbrella body for German trade unions during the German Empire, from the end of the Anti-Socialist Laws in 1890 up to 1919. In 1919, a successor organisation was named the Allgemeiner Deutscher Gewerkschaftsbund, and then in 1949, the current Deutscher Gewerkschaftsbund was formed. History In January 1890, the Reichstag refused to extend the Anti-Socialist Laws which had prohibited socialist political parties and trade unions. Despite this, many of those trade unions which did exist, the Free Trade Unions (Germany), Free Trade Unions, had come to work closely with the Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD). Large celebrations marked May Day in 1890. In Hamburg, employers Lockout (industry), locked out workers who took the day off. In response, the various unions representing metal and engineering workers called for a union conference, to look at the implications of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
General German Trade Union Federation
The General German Trade Union Federation (german: Allgemeiner Deutscher Gewerkschaftsbund, ADGB) was a confederation of German trade unions in Germany founded during the Weimar Republic. It was founded in 1919 and was initially powerful enough to organize a general strike in 1920 against a right-wing coup d'état. After the 1929 Wall Street crash, the ensuing global financial crisis caused widespread unemployment. The ADGB suffered a dramatic loss of membership, both from unemployment and political squabbles. By the time the Nazis seized control of the government, the ADGB's leadership had distanced itself from the Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD) and was openly cooperating with Nazis in an attempt to keep the organization alive. Nonetheless, on May 2, 1933, the SA and SS stormed the offices of the ADGB and its member trade unions, seized their assets and arrested their leaders, crushing the organization. History The ADGB was founded on July 5, 1919 [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Karl Kautsky
Karl Johann Kautsky (; ; 16 October 1854 – 17 October 1938) was a Czech-Austrian philosopher, journalist, and Marxist theorist. Kautsky was one of the most authoritative promulgators of orthodox Marxism after the death of Friedrich Engels in 1895 until the outbreak of World War I in 1914. He was the most important socialist theorist during the years of the Second International. He founded the socialist journal ''Neue Zeit''. Following the war, Kautsky was an outspoken critic of the Bolshevik Revolution, engaging in polemics with Vladimir Lenin, Leon Trotsky and Joseph Stalin on the nature of the Soviet state. Life and career Early years Karl Kautsky was born in Prague of an artistic and middle class family of Slavic descent – his parents were Johann Kautsky (a Czech scenic designer) and Minna, née Jaich (an Austrian actress and writer). The family moved to Vienna when Kautsky was the age of seven. He studied history, philosophy and economics at the University of Vienna ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Central Union Of Sailors Of Germany
The Central Union of Sailors of Germany (german: Zentralverband seemännischer Arbeiter Deutschlands) was a trade union representing sailors and related workers in the German merchant navy. Albert Störmer, leader of the Hamburg sailors' union, called a conference of local sailors' unions in June 1897, which agreed to establish a national agitation committee. This launched the journal ''Der Seemann'' in November, and also held a national congress, which formed the Central Union of Sailors of Germany on 1 February 1898. The union affiliated to the General Commission of German Trade Unions and the International Transport Workers' Federation, and adopted ''Der Seemann'' as its journal. From 1900, the union was led by Paul Müller, who gradually moved the union to more centrist positions, achieving the introduction of health insurance for German sailors, while also arguing that black people should not be employed in the industry.{{cite web , title=Müller, Paul (1875-1925) , url=http ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Central Union Of Roofers
Central Union of Roofers (german: Zentralverband der Dachdecker) was a trade union representing roofers in Germany. The union was founded in 1889. It was based in Frankfurt and published the ''Dachdecker-Zeitung'' newspaper. It was initially led by Wilhelm Rachwitz, then by Georg Diehl, until his death in 1917, when Theodor Thomas took over. The union affiliated to the General German Trade Union Confederation The General German Trade Union Federation (german: Allgemeiner Deutscher Gewerkschaftsbund, ADGB) was a confederation of German trade unions in Germany founded during the Weimar Republic. It was founded in 1919 and was initially powerful enough to ... in 1919, and also to the Building Workers' International. Membership of the union was only 10,843 in 1928, and in 1931, the union merged into the German Union of Building Trades. Presidents :1889: Wilhelm Rackwitz :1890s: Georg Diehl :1916: Theodor Thomas References {{Authority control Roofing trade unions Trade un ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Central Union Of Potters
The Central Union of Potters (german: Zentralverband der Töpfer) was a trade union representing pottery workers in Germany. A union of potters was founded in 1873, but dissolved in 1878 as a result of the Anti-Socialist Laws. From 1884, a series of congresses of potters were held, and the seventh congress, in 1892, established the new Central Union of Potters. This affiliated to the General Commission of German Trade Unions, and by 1904, it had 10,241 members. In 1907, the union, led by Adam Drunsel, founded the International Secretariat of Potters. While most German trade unions grew rapidly in the 1900s and 1910s, the potters did not. By 1913, its membership was 10,882. It was a founding affiliate of the General German Trade Union Federation in 1919. By 1922, the union's membership had crept up to 11,698, and at the end of the year, it merged with the German Construction Workers' Union The German Construction Workers' Union (german: Deutscher Bauarbeiter-Verband, DBV) w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Central Union Of Masons
The Central Union of Masons (german: Zentralverband der Maurer) was a trade union representing bricklayers in Germany. Regular conferences of masons were held in Germany in the 1880s. With the repeal of the Anti-Socialist Laws, it was possible to form legal trade unions, and at the 8th Congress of Masons, in Gotha, in May 1891, the Central Union of Masons was established. It adopted ''Der Grundstein'' as its journal. The union gradually built up international contacts in the late 19th-century. In 1903, it called a conference in Berlin, to formalise these relationships by establishing the International Federation of Building Workers. The union affiliated to the General Commission of German Trade Unions, and by 1904, it was the second largest in Germany, with 128,850 members. By 1910, this had risen slightly, to 169,645. At the start of 1911, it merged with the Central Union of Construction Workers, to form the German Construction Workers' Union. Presidents :1891: Adolf Damm ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Central Union Of Machinists And Stokers
The Central Union of Machinists and Stokers and Kindred Trades of Germany (german: Zentral-Verband der Maschinisten und Heizer sowie Berufsgenossen Deutschlands, ZMH) was a trade union representing machine operators and those in related areas of work, in Germany. The union was founded in Berlin in 1892, with the merger of various local unions, and affiliated to the General Commission of German Trade Unions. It represented machinists, stokers, and those in related areas of work, regardless of the industry in which they were employed. In 1919, the union was a founding constituent of the General German Trade Union Confederation, and by 1920, it had 100,287 members. In 1927, the union established the International Federation of Enginemen and Firemen. By 1928, the union's membership had declined to 48,568. In 1933, the union was banned by the Nazi government. Presidents :1906: Franz Scheffel :1918: Hermann Klebe Hermann Klebe (born 16 August 1878) was a German trade unionist. K ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Central Union Of Glassworkers
The Central Union of Glassworkers (german: Zentralverband der Glasarbeiter und -arbeiterinnen Deutschlands) was a trade union representing people involved in manufacturing glass and glass objects in Germany. The union was founded in 1890, as the Union of Glassworkers of Germany, and it affiliated to the General Commission of German Trade Unions. From 1897, it was led by Emil Girbig. In 1907, it became the "Central Union of Glassworkers", and from 1908, it hosted the headquarters of the International Federation of Glassworkers. In 1919, the union was a founding constituent of the General German Trade Union Confederation, and by 1920, it had 62,245 members. In 1926, it merged into the Factory Workers' Union of Germany The Factory Workers' Union of Germany (, VFD, commonly known as , FAV) was a trade union in Germany. History The union was founded in early July 1890, as a general union affiliated to the General Commission of German Trade Unions, gathering unsk .... References ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Central Union Of Construction Workers
The Central Union of Construction Workers (german: Zentralverband der Bauhilfsarbeiter) was a trade union representing building labourers in Germany. The first national congress of local unions of building labourers was held in May 1889, and it agreed to launch a national journal, ''Der Bauarbeiter''. With the repeal of the Anti-Socialist Laws, it was possible to form legal trade unions, and at the 3rd Congress of Construction Workers, in Halle, on 6 April 1891, the Central Union of Masons was established. It adopted ''Der Bauarbeiter'' as its journal. The union initially had 2,500 members. It affiliated to the General Commission of German Trade Unions, and by 1904, its membership had grown to 33,245. By 1910, this had risen further, to 65,572. At the start of 1911, it merged with the Central Union of Masons, to form the German Construction Workers' Union The German Construction Workers' Union (german: Deutscher Bauarbeiter-Verband, DBV) was a trade union representing bui ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Central Union Of Commercial Employees
The Central Union of Commercial Employees (german: Zentralverband der Handlungsgehilfen, ZdH) was a trade union representing white collar commercial workers in Germany. The union was founded on the 5 July 1897, and launched the journal ''Handlungsgehilfenblatt''. It affiliated to the General Commission of German Trade Unions. Initially, it had just 253 members, and by 1904 this had only risen to 1,386. In 1912, the union moved its headquarters to Berlin. On 1 January 1913, the Union of Warehouse Workers merged in. The union became divided between anti- and pro-World War I tendencies, with president Otto Urban trying to maintain a middle course. The end of the war led to a boom in membership, which by 1918 had reached 66,228. In 1919, it was a founding constituent of the General German Trade Union Federation, but in October, it merged with the Union of Office Employees of Germany, to form the Central Union of Employees. Presidents :1897: Gustav Segnitz :1902: Max Josephson : ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Central Union Of Carpenters And Kindred Trades Of Germany
The Central Union of Carpenters and Kindred Trades of Germany (german: Zentralverband der Zimmerer und verwandter Berufsgenossen Deutschlands) was a trade union representing carpenters in Germany. The union was established in 1883 in Berlin, as the Union of German Carpenters, with 2,232 members. Its headquarters moved to Hamburg in 1887, and with the end of the Anti-Socialist Laws in 1890, it was joined by the Free Alliance of German Carpenters. In 1893, August Bringmann, former secretary of the Free Alliance, became the first editor of the union's journal, ''Der Zimmerer''. The union adopted its final name in 1897. Its membership grew steadily, reaching 24,149 by 1900, 59,831 in 1913, and 87,024 in 1920. In 1903, it was the principal founder of the Carpenters' International, and provided the leadership throughout its existence. In 1919, it was a founding affiliate of the General German Trade Union Confederation The General German Trade Union Federation (german: Allgemeiner ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Central Union Of Butchers
The Central Union of Butchers and Kindred Trades of Germany (german: Zentralverband der Fleischer und Berufsgenossen Deutschlands) was a trade union representing butchers and abattoir workers in Germany. In 1898, Theodor Keslinke founded the Local Union of Butchers, in Berlin, with the aim of turning it into a national organisation. In March 1900, it launched a national journal, ''Der Fleischer'', and then on 1 June, it established the "Central Union of Meat Workers", a national union affiliated to the General Commission of German Trade Unions. Membership grew steadily, from 2,000 in 1902, to 16,643 in 1927. In 1913, the union held a conference which founded the International Federation of Meat Workers, and the union thereafter provided the federation's leadership. In 1919, the union was a founding affiliate of the General German Trade Union Confederation. On 24 September 1927, the union merged with the Central Union of Bakers and Confectioners, the Union of Brewery and Mill ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
