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Fédération Nationale Des Jaunes De France
The Fédération nationale des Jaunes de France (English: ''National Federation of the Yellows of France'') was a French 'yellow' or company union founded by Pierre Biétry on 1 April 1902 and active until 1912. According to historian George L. Mosse, the union "received this name when workers who refused to strike used yellow paper to stop up the windows of their meeting place, which had been smashed by strikers" in 1901 at Montceau-les-Mines. See also * Yellow socialism Yellow socialism or yellow unionism, was an economic system proposed in 1902 by Pierre Biétry, as an alternative to the "Red socialism" advocated in Marxism. Biétry envisioned workers organizing unions which would operate in parallel with groups ... References Bibliography * * Trade unions in France Trade unions established in 1902 1902 establishments in France Company unions {{Europe-trade-union-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
English Language
English is a West Germanic language of the Indo-European language family, with its earliest forms spoken by the inhabitants of early medieval England. It is named after the Angles, one of the ancient Germanic peoples that migrated to the island of Great Britain. Existing on a dialect continuum with Scots, and then closest related to the Low Saxon and Frisian languages, English is genealogically West Germanic. However, its vocabulary is also distinctively influenced by dialects of France (about 29% of Modern English words) and Latin (also about 29%), plus some grammar and a small amount of core vocabulary influenced by Old Norse (a North Germanic language). Speakers of English are called Anglophones. The earliest forms of English, collectively known as Old English, evolved from a group of West Germanic (Ingvaeonic) dialects brought to Great Britain by Anglo-Saxon settlers in the 5th century and further mutated by Norse-speaking Viking settlers starting in the 8th and 9th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yellow Socialism
Yellow socialism or yellow unionism, was an economic system proposed in 1902 by Pierre Biétry, as an alternative to the "Red socialism" advocated in Marxism. Biétry envisioned workers organizing unions which would operate in parallel with groups of businesses (a structure similar to corporatism). Workers would get a greater share of company profits through negotiation between each union and the corresponding business group. Above this would be a strong authoritarian State. Yellow socialism was prominent until World War I, competing with Marxism for support among workers. "Yellow socialism" was also a Marxist term of abuse for all non-Marxist socialists. After World War I, the term "yellow socialism" fell into disuse. History Pierre Biétry had been a member of the Marxist French Workers' Party, but left it in 1900. Disappointed by the failure of "Red socialism" to improve the condition of the workers, he now advocated cooperation between organized labor and capitalist businesses ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Company Union
A company or "yellow" union is a worker organization which is dominated or unduly influenced by an employer, and is therefore not an independent trade union. Company unions are contrary to international labour law (see ILO Convention 98, Article 2). They were outlawed in the United States by the 1935 National Labor Relations Act §8(a)(2), due to their use as agents for interference with independent unions. However, company unions persist in many countries. Some labour organizations are accused by rival unions of behaving as "company unions" if they are seen as having too close or congenial a relationship with the employer or with business associations, and even when they may be formally recognized in their respective jurisdictions as ''bona fide'' trade unions, they are usually rejected as such by regional and national trade union centres. In a study of one such organisation, this form of company union was observed to rarely or never strike, exert relatively little energy in res ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pierre Biétry
Pierre Biétry (9 May 1872 – 3 December 1918) was a French syndicalist and politician who initially followed orthodox socialism before pioneering the " Yellow socialist" movement of the early 20th century. He was also the maternal grandfather of journalist and White House Press Secretary Pierre Salinger. Early life and socialist activity Born in Fêche-l'Église, he moved to Algeria as a 13-year-old and stayed four years in the colony before returning home.David M. Gordon, ''Liberalism and social reform'', p. 167 He then became a member of the French Workers' Party (POF) and was praised in its paper, ''Le Socialiste'', for his activity in Franche-Comté. He was also for a time associated with the followers of Jules Guesde. He was active in a series of strikes between 1898 and 1901 and even led a march of workers in Paris in 1899.George Mosse, ''Masses and man'', 1987, p. 127 Move right His break with socialism occurred around then, largely as a result of his opposition to th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
George L
George may refer to: People * George (given name) * George (surname) * George (singer), American-Canadian singer George Nozuka, known by the mononym George * George Washington, First President of the United States * George W. Bush, 43rd President of the United States * George H. W. Bush, 41st President of the United States * George V, King of Great Britain, Ireland, the British Dominions and Emperor of India from 1910-1936 * George VI, King of Great Britain, Ireland, the British Dominions and Emperor of India from 1936-1952 * Prince George of Wales * George Papagheorghe also known as Jorge / GEØRGE * George, stage name of Giorgio Moroder * George Harrison, an English musician and singer-songwriter Places South Africa * George, Western Cape ** George Airport United States * George, Iowa * George, Missouri * George, Washington * George County, Mississippi * George Air Force Base, a former U.S. Air Force base located in California Characters * George (Peppa Pig), a 2-year-old pig ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Montceau-les-Mines
Montceau-les-Mines () is a commune in the Saône-et-Loire department in the region of Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in eastern France. It is the second-largest commune of the metropolitan Communauté urbaine Creusot Montceau, which lies southwest of the city of Dijon. History Montceau-les-Mines is a former mining city. Coal was discovered in the area in the 16th Century. A hamlet called "Le Montceau" developed from this discovery. "Le Montceau" began to grow after the building of the Canal du Centre, built between 1783 and 1791. A business entity, "Compagnie des mines", started to extract coals in 1833. The commune was officially established June 24, 1856. as Montceau-les-Mines, a community of 1300 inhabitants, drawn from a territory formed from the villages of Blanzy, Saint-Vallier, Saint-Berain-sous-Sanvignes, and Sanvignes-les-Mines. A graveyard and a church were built by the principal coal company, a sign of paternalism of mining industry. Intense social movements took place a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Trade Unions In France
A list of trade unions in France: Unions *Five confederations recognized by the state as representative trade union: **''Confédération Française Démocratique du Travail'' (CFDT) **''Confédération Française des Travailleurs Chrétiens'' (CFTC) **''Confédération générale du travail'' (CGT) **'' Confédération Française de l'Encadrement - Confédération Générale des Cadres'' (CFE-CGC) **'' Confédération générale du travail - Force Ouvrière'' (FO) *Other large unions: ** ''Union nationale des syndicats autonomes'' (UNSA) ** '' Solidaire'' *Regional Unions: ** ''Confédération générale du travail - Martinique'' (CGTM) in Martinique ** ''Confédération générale du travail de Guadeloupe'' (CGTM) in Guadeloupe ** '' Corsican Workers' Trade Union'' (STC) in Corsica ** ''Syndicat des Travailleurs de Bretagne'' (STB) in Brittany ** ''Langile Abertzaleen Batzordeak'' (LAB) in Basque country ** ''Union syndicale des travailleurs kanaks et des exploités'' (USTKE ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Trade Unions Established In 1902
Trade involves the transfer of goods and services from one person or entity to another, often in exchange for money. Economists refer to a system or network that allows trade as a market. An early form of trade, barter, saw the direct exchange of goods and services for other goods and services, i.e. trading things without the use of money. Modern traders generally negotiate through a medium of exchange, such as money. As a result, buying can be separated from selling, or earning. The invention of money (and letter of credit, paper money, and non-physical money) greatly simplified and promoted trade. Trade between two traders is called bilateral trade, while trade involving more than two traders is called multilateral trade. In one modern view, trade exists due to specialization and the division of labour, a predominant form of economic activity in which individuals and groups concentrate on a small aspect of production, but use their output in trades for other products an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1902 Establishments In France
Nineteen or 19 may refer to: * 19 (number), the natural number following 18 and preceding 20 * one of the years 19 BC, AD 19, 1919, 2019 Films * ''19'' (film), a 2001 Japanese film * ''Nineteen'' (film), a 1987 science fiction film Music * 19 (band), a Japanese pop music duo Albums * ''19'' (Adele album), 2008 * ''19'', a 2003 album by Alsou * ''19'', a 2006 album by Evan Yo * ''19'', a 2018 album by MHD * ''19'', one half of the double album ''63/19'' by Kool A.D. * ''Number Nineteen'', a 1971 album by American jazz pianist Mal Waldron * ''XIX'' (EP), a 2019 EP by 1the9 Songs * "19" (song), a 1985 song by British musician Paul Hardcastle. * "Nineteen", a song by Bad4Good from the 1992 album '' Refugee'' * "Nineteen", a song by Karma to Burn from the 2001 album ''Almost Heathen''. * "Nineteen" (song), a 2007 song by American singer Billy Ray Cyrus. * "Nineteen", a song by Tegan and Sara from the 2007 album '' The Con''. * "XIX" (song), a 2014 song by Slipknot. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
