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Friedrich August Cross
The Friedrich-August Cross was a German decoration of the First World War. It was set up on 24 September 1914 by Frederick Augustus II, Grand Duke of Oldenburg, with two classes, for (to quote its citation) "all persons of military or civilian status, who have shown outstanding service during the war itself". Insignia The Friedrich-August-Kreuz is a black iron cross pattée with a laurel wreath between the arms. The obverse of the cross bears a circular central medallion with the initials ''FA''. The crown of Oldenburg appears on the upper arm of the cross, with the lower arm bearing the date ''1914''. The reverse is plain. Recipients First Class * Prince Adalbert of Prussia (1884–1948) * Conrad Albrecht * Joachim von Amsberg (general) * Hermann Bauer * Paul Behncke * Theobald von Bethmann-Hollweg * Johannes Blaskowitz * Werner von Blomberg * Friedrich Boedicker * Walter Böning * Walter Braemer * Karl-Heinrich Brenner * Eduard von Capelle * Prince Eitel Friedrich ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Frederick Augustus II, Grand Duke Of Oldenburg
Frederick Augustus II (16 November 1852 in Oldenburg – 24 February 1931 in Rastede) was the last ruling Grand Duke of Oldenburg. He married Princess Elisabeth Anna of Prussia, daughter of Princess Maria Anna of Anhalt-Dessau and Prince Frederick Charles of Prussia. After her death, he married Elisabeth Alexandrine of Mecklenburg-Schwerin. Reign Frederick Augustus' reign began on 13 June 1900, when his father died. His reign came to an end on 11 November 1918, shortly before the German monarchy was abolished on 28 November 1918. Frederick was forced to abdicate his throne at the end of World War I, when the former Grand Duchy of the German Empire joined the post-war German Republic. He and his family took up residence at Rastede Castle, where he took up farming and local industrial interests. A year after his abdication, he asked the Oldenburg Diet for a yearly allowance of 150,000 marks, stating that his financial condition was "extremely precarious". In 1931, Frederick d ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Karl-Heinrich Brenner
__NOTOC__ Karl Jakob Heinrich Brenner - also Karl-Heinrich Brenner - (1 May 1895 – 14 February 1954) was a decorated German general of the Waffen-SS who held the rank of SS-Gruppenführer and Generalleutnant of Polizei during the Nazi era. He was a recipient of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross of Nazi Germany. Awards * Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross on 27 December 1944 as SS-Gruppenführer and Generalleutnant of the Police. * Clasp to the Iron Cross 2nd Class (4 August 1941) & 1st Class (17 August 1941)Thomas & Wegmann 1993, p. 47. * Wound Badge, Wound Badge 1939 in Gold (27 September 1941) * Infantry Assault Badge in Silver (16 May 1944)Thomas & Wegmann 1993, p. 48. * War Merit Cross 2nd Class with Swords (24 July 1940) & 1st Class with Swords (1 September 1942) See also *Register of SS-Leaders in general’s rank#List SS-Gruppenführer, List SS-Gruppenführer References Citations Bibliography * * {{DEFAULTSORT:Brenner, Karl 1895 births 1954 deaths M ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Henning Von Holtzendorff
Henning Rudolf Adolf Karl von Holtzendorff (9 January 1853 – 7 June 1919) was a German admiral during World War I, who became famous for his December 1916 memo about unrestricted submarine warfare against the United Kingdom. He was a recipient of Order of the Black Eagle and the Pour le Mérite with oak leaves and was one of just six Grand Admirals of the Imperial German Navy. Biography Holtzendorff was born into a noble family in Berlin on 9 January 1853. He joined the navy in 1869, served in the Franco-Prussian War and afterwards as a staff officer in the West Africa Squadron. Promoted to captain in 1897; he was present during the Boxer Rebellion as commander of a cruiser in the East Asia Squadron. He served as chief of staff at the Baltic Sea Naval Station and was director of the Imperial Shipyard at Danzig, before becoming a Vice Admiral in 1904. Two years later he was appointed commander of the I Battle Squadron. By 1909 he commanded the High Seas Fleet, becoming a full A ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Franz Von Hipper
Franz Ritter von Hipper (13 September 1863 – 25 May 1932) was an admiral in the German Imperial Navy (''Kaiserliche Marine''). Franz von Hipper joined the German Navy in 1881 as an officer cadet. He commanded several torpedo boat units and served as watch officer aboard several warships, as well as Kaiser Wilhelm II's yacht . Hipper commanded several cruisers in the reconnaissance forces before being appointed commander of the I Scouting Group in October 1913. He is most famous for commanding the German battlecruisers of the I Scouting Group during World War I, particularly at the Battle of Jutland on 31 May – 1 June 1916. During the war, Hipper led the German battlecruisers on several raids of the English coast, for which he was vilified in the English press as a "baby killer". His squadron clashed with the British battlecruiser squadron at the Battle of Dogger Bank in January 1915, where the armored cruiser was lost. At the Battle of Jutland, Hipper's flagship ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paul Von Hindenburg
Paul Ludwig Hans Anton von Beneckendorff und von Hindenburg (; abbreviated ; 2 October 1847 – 2 August 1934) was a German field marshal and statesman who led the Imperial German Army during World War I and later became President of Germany from 1925 until his death in 1934. During his presidency, he played a key role in the Nazi seizure of power in January 1933 when, under pressure from advisers, he appointed Adolf Hitler as Chancellor of Germany. Hindenburg was born to a family of minor Prussian nobility in Posen. Upon completing his education as a cadet, he enlisted in the Third Regiment of Foot Guards as a second lieutenant. He then saw combat during the Austro-Prussian and Franco-Prussian wars. In 1873, he was admitted to the prestigious '' Kriegsakademie'' in Berlin, where he studied for three years before being appointed to the Army's General Staff Corps. Later in 1885, he was promoted to the rank of major and became a member of the Great General Staff. Following a f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wilhelm Heye
August Wilhelm Heye (31 January 1869, Fulda – 11 March 1947, Braunlage) was a German officer who rose to the rank of Generaloberst and became head of the Army Command within the Ministry of the Reichswehr in the Weimar Republic. One of his sons was admiral Hellmuth Heye. Biography The son of a Prussian officer, Heye joined the Army in 1888 and subsequently became a member of the German General Staff. During the First World War, he served on both the East and Western fronts, eventually becoming the last chief of the operations department at the Oberste Heeresleitung (Supreme Army Command). After the end of the war, he assisted Hans von Seeckt in organising the new Reichswehr, serving as the second Chief of the Truppenamt and later commander of the Wehrkreis I (Military District I). In 1926, he replaced Seeckt as Chief of Army Command and held that position until retiring in 1930. Decorations and awards * Iron Cross of 1914, 1st and 2nd class * Knight's Cross of the Royal Hou ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Heino Von Heimburg
Heino von Heimburg (24 October 1889 – October 1945) was a German U-boat commander in the Kaiserliche Marine during World War I and served also as ''Vizeadmiral'' (vice admiral) in the Kriegsmarine during World War II. World War I On 10 June 1915, Heimburg, in command of sank the off Porto di Piave Vecchia in the northern Adriatic. On 6 July 1915, Heimburg, in command of with a crew of 14, torpedoed and sank the while operating under the Austrian flag off Venice. On 16 July, Heimburg sailed for the Dardanelles. This was at a time when the range of submarines was very limited. To reach Bodrum, ''UB-14'' had to be towed a considerable part of the distance by an Austrian destroyer. Even so, her engine broke down off Crete and her compass became defective. Despite these problems, she arrived at Bodrum on 24 July. On arrival, she recharged the batteries of , which had arrived four days earlier with engine problems. A maintenance team then had to travel from Constantinople to ca ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hermann Von Hanneken (soldier)
Hermann Konstantin Albert Julius von Hanneken (5 January 1890 – 22 July 1981) was a German General of the Infantry who was supreme commander of the German forces in Denmark from 29 September 1942 to January 1945. Early career On 19 July 1908 after training in cadet school von Hanneken joined the Königin Augusta Garde Grenadier Regiment No. 4 as a ''Fähnrich''. A little over a year later, on 19 August 1909, he was promoted to ''Leutnant''. On 1 October 1913 until the start of the great war, he was apart of the Oldenburg Infantry Regiment No. 91. World War I Soon after the start of the Great War von Hanneken became the Adjutant of the III. Battalion of the 79th Reserve-Infantry-Regiment until 3 January 1915. von Hanneken was then transferred to the 260th Reserve-Infantry-Regiment as the Regiments-Adjutant, being promoted on 24 July 1915 to ''Oberleutnant''. From 10 July 1916 he served as leader of the regiments Machine Gun-Company. After 16 November 1916 he was made a tempor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Leo Geyr Von Schweppenburg
Leo Dietrich Franz Reichsfreiherr Geyr von Schweppenburg (2 March 1886 – 27 January 1974), was a German general during World War II, noted for his pioneering stance and expertise in the field of armoured warfare. He commanded the 5th Panzer Army (formalised as Panzer Group West) during the Invasion of Normandy, and later served as Inspector General of Armoured Troops. After the war he was involved in the development of the newly built German Army (Bundeswehr). Early life and career Freiherr von Geyr was born 1886 in Potsdam into the Prussian military aristocracy and descended from a family that produced two Prussian Field Marshals. He joined the German Army in 1904. In World War I he fought on several fronts and rose to the rank of captain. After the war, he remained in the army, becoming an Oberst in 1932, and a Generalmajor in 1935. From 1933 to 1937, he was a military attaché to the United Kingdom, Belgium and the Netherlands, residing in London. Promoted to Generalleutn ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hermann Geyer
__NOTOC__ Hermann Geyer (7 July 1882 – 10 April 1946) was a German general during World War II who commanded the IX Army Corps. He was a recipient of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross of Nazi Germany. Geyer retired in 1943 and committed suicide in 1946. World War I On January 1, 1918, the German Army published a pamphlet written by Captain Hermann Geyer entitled ''The Attack in Position Warfare''. The pamphlet described infantry infiltration tactics, the role of following supporting forces and the role of aviation. These tactics were used in the German 1918 Spring Offensive or ''Kaiserschlacht'' (Kaiser's Battle). Awards and decorations * Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross on 25 June 1940 as ''General der Infanterie General of the Infantry is a military rank of a General officer in the infantry and refers to: * General of the Infantry (Austria) * General of the Infantry (Bulgaria) * General of the Infantry (Germany) ('), a rank of a general in the German Imper ...'' and com ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kurt Fricke
Kurt Fricke (8 November 1889 – 2 May 1945) was an Admiral with the Kriegsmarine (navy) of Nazi Germany during World War II and a recipient of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross. Biography Fricke entered the ''Kaiserliche Marine'' as a cadet on 1 April 1910. He served on during his cadetship and graduated from Marineschule Mürwik. After graduating he was posted to the battlecruiser . On 27 September 1913 Fricke was promoted to lieutenant. During World War I, Fricke served at the Battle of Dogger Bank. Fricke was promoted to ''Oberleutnant zur See'' in 1916 and transferred to torpedo boats. He served on and . On 7 March 1918 he became an aide-de-camp to the commander of the torpedo boats, in which position he ended the war. After the war he served in the administration of the German navy as adjudant to the commander in chief of the navy. From 1922 to 1924 he served on the I Flottille, in which he commanded destroyers ''T139'' and ''T148''. In September 1924, Fricke became ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alexander Von Falkenhausen
Alexander Ernst Alfred Hermann Freiherr von Falkenhausen (29 October 187831 July 1966) was a German general and military advisor to Chiang Kai-shek. He was an important figure during the Sino-German cooperation to reform the Chinese Army. In 1938, Germany ended its support for China under pressure from Japan, and Falkenhausen was forced to return home. Back in Europe, he later became the head of the military government of Belgium from 1940 to 1944 during its German occupation. Early life and military career Alexander von Falkenhausen was born at Blumenthal, near Neisse (now Nysa, Poland) in the Prussian province of Silesia, one of seven children of Baron Alexander von Falkenhausen (1844–1909) and his wife, Elisabeth. He attended a Gymnasium in Breslau (now Wrocław, Poland) and then the cadet school at Wahlstatt (now Legnickie Pole). In his youth, Falkenhausen showed an interest in Eastern Asia and its societies. He travelled and studied in Japan, northern China, Korea an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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