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French Ship Zodiaque (1756)
''Zodiaque'' was a 74-gun of the French Navy. Career Seven Years' War In 1757, ''Zodiaque'' was under d'Aché. on 5 June, she helped capture a British corvette. She took part in the Battle of Pondicherry on 10 September 1759. In 1760, she was under La Tullaye at Isle de France. Interwar In 1776, ''Zodiaque'' was under Du Chaffault, as flagship of his division in the Escadre d'évolution that year. War of American Independence In 1778, ''Zodiaque'' was in the First Division of the White squadron in the fleet under Orvilliers. She took part in the Battle of Ushant on 27 July 1778 under La Porte Vézins, with Cicé-Champion as first officer. The year after, she was attached to the Armada of 1779. In 1780, ''Zodiaque'' was under Roquefeuil-Montpeyroux. On 6 June, she and ''Néréide'' captured the 10-gun British privateer cutter ''Prince of Wales''. In 1781, ''Zodiaque'' was at Brest under Retz. In 1782, ''Zodiaque'' was first under Senneville, and later under L ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Flag Of French-Navy-Revolution
A flag is a piece of fabric (most often rectangular or quadrilateral) with a distinctive design and colours. It is used as a symbol, a signalling device, or for decoration. The term ''flag'' is also used to refer to the graphic design employed, and flags have evolved into a general tool for rudimentary signalling and identification, especially in environments where communication is challenging (such as the maritime environment, where semaphore is used). Many flags fall into groups of similar designs called flag families. The study of flags is known as "vexillology" from the Latin , meaning "flag" or "banner". National flags are patriotic symbols with widely varied interpretations that often include strong military associations because of their original and ongoing use for that purpose. Flags are also used in messaging, advertising, or for decorative purposes. Some military units are called "flags" after their use of flags. A ''flag'' (Arabic: ) is equivalent to a brigad ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battle Of Ushant (1778)
The Battle of Ushant (also called the First Battle of Ushant) took place on 27 July 1778, and was fought during the American Revolutionary War between French and British fleets west of Ushant, an island at the mouth of the English Channel off the north-westernmost point of France. "Ushant" is the Anglicised pronunciation of "Ouessant". The French commander was under orders to avoid battle if possible, in order to maintain a fleet in being. The commanders of the two squadrons of the British fleet were already personally and politically at odds with each other, and failed to make a concerted attack on the French. The battle, which was the first major naval engagement in the Anglo-French War of 1778, ended indecisively with no ships lost on either side and led to recriminations and political conflicts in both countries. Background The British had a fleet of thirty ships-of-the-line, four frigates, and two fire-ships commanded by Admiral Augustus Keppel, in , which sailed from ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ships Of The Line Of The French Navy
A ship is a large watercraft that travels the world's oceans and other sufficiently deep waterways, carrying cargo or passengers, or in support of specialized missions, such as defense, research, and fishing. Ships are generally distinguished from boats, based on size, shape, load capacity, and purpose. Ships have supported exploration, trade, warfare, migration, colonization, and science. After the 15th century, new crops that had come from and to the Americas via the European seafarers significantly contributed to world population growth. Ship transport is responsible for the largest portion of world commerce. The word ''ship'' has meant, depending on the era and the context, either just a large vessel or specifically a ship-rigged sailing ship with three or more masts, each of which is square-rigged. As of 2016, there were more than 49,000 merchant ships, totaling almost 1.8 billion dead weight tons. Of these 28% were oil tankers, 43% were bulk carriers, and 13% were co ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battle Of Cape Spartel
The Battle of Cape Spartel was an indecisive naval battle between a Franco-Spanish fleet under Admiral Luis de Córdova y Córdova and a British fleet under Admiral Richard Howe. These forces met on 20 October 1782 after Howe successfully resupplied Gibraltar, then under siege by Bourbon forces during the American Revolutionary War. Background When Spain entered the American War of Independence in 1779, one of its principal objectives was the capture of Gibraltar from Great Britain. Shortly after war was declared, forces of Spain and France began the Great Siege of Gibraltar, blockading land access to the peninsula and enacting a somewhat porous naval blockade. Britain successfully resupplied Gibraltar in both 1780 and 1781, and recognized the need to do so again in 1782. The matter was seen as a critical by British political and military leaders, because Spain was seeking cession of the territory in peace talks. The British Channel Fleet, which was under the command of Admi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jean-Georges Du Croiset De Retz
Gaspard de Ligondès was a French Navy officer. He served in the War of American Independence. Biography Retz was born to a family from Auvergne. He joined the Navy as a Garde-Marine in 1741. He was promoted to Lieutenant in 1756, to Commander in 1767, to Captain in 1772. In 1779, Retz captained the 64-gun ''Vengeur'', part of the division under De Grasse sent to D'Estaing as reinforcement. Retz was wounded at the Battle of Grenada on 6 July 1779, and took part in the Siege of Savannah in September and October 1779. He also fought in the Battle of Martinique on 17 April 1780, where ''Vengeur'', along with ''Destin'' and ''Saint Michel'', directly engaged the much stronger ''Sandwich'', under Rodney, HMS ''Cornwall'' and HMS ''Suffolk''. In 1781, Retz captained the 74-gun ''Zodiaque'' in Brest. In 1782, he transferred to ''Robuste''. The same year, he was promoted to Brigadier. Retz retired from the Navy with the rank of Chef d'Escadre ''Chef d'escadre'' (; ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
French Frigate Néréide (1779)
''Néréide'' was a , 32-gun, copper-hulled frigate of the French Navy. On 22 December 1797 captured her and she was taken into British service as HMS ''Nereide''. The French recaptured her at the Battle of Grand Port, only to lose her again when the British took Isle de France (now Mauritius), in 1810. After the Battle of Grand Port she was in such a poor condition that she was laid up and sold for breaking up in 1816. French service On 6 June 1780, along with (74 guns), ''Néréide'' captured a British privateer, the 10-gun cutter ''Prince of Wales'' off Madeira. ''Néréide'' was part of the fleet of Lamotte-Picquet that sailed from Brest and on 2 May 1781 captured 18 ships in a convoy from Sint Eustatius. In 1782, she served in the Caribbean under Vaudreuil. From 1788, ''Néréide'' served off Africa. She then underwent a refit in Rochefort in October 1794. On 20 December 1797, she was sailing off the Isles of Scilly under the command of Lieutenant de Vaisseau Chasséri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pierre De Roquefeuil-Montpeyroux
Pierre de Roquefeuil-Montpeyroux was a French Navy officer. He served during the War of American Independence. Biography Roquefeuil was born in 1735 to the House of Roquefeuil-Blanquefort. He grew up in Montpeyroux, Aveyron where his family owned the Château du Bousquet. On 19 September 1749, he joined the French Navy as a Garde-Marine. He was promoted to lieutenant on 1 May 1763. In 1773, he was made a Knight in the Order of Saint Louis. On 4 April 1777, he was promoted to captain and given command of the 32-gun frigate ''Oiseau''. He served Du Chaffault. In 1778, named flag captain on the 80-gun ship ''Saint-Esprit'', Roquefeuil participated to the battle of Ushant under Lamotte-Picquet. In 1779, he was given command of the frigate ''Renommée'', with which he captured two British ships. He then transferred to the 74-gun ''Zodiaque''. From 1781, he commanded the 74-gun ''Dauphin Royal''. He took part in the Battle of the Saintes on 12 April 1782, and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Armada Of 1779
The Armada of 1779 was a combined Franco-Spanish naval enterprise intended to divert British military assets, primarily of the Royal Navy, from other war theatres by invading the Kingdom of Great Britain during the American Revolutionary War. This action was a part of the wider Anglo-French War (1778–1783). The proposed plan was to seize the Isle of Wight and then capture the British naval base of Portsmouth. Ultimately, no fleet battles were fought in the Channel and the Franco-Spanish invasion never materialized. This threat to Great Britain prompted comparisons to the earlier Spanish Armada of 1588. Background After the indecisive Battle of Ushant in 1778 between the British Royal Navy and the French Marine Royale, the French were certain that they could have triumphed if their force had been larger. France had allied itself with the Americans in February 1778 and additionally signed a secret treaty with Spain on 12 April 1779, which brought Spain into the war against ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Louis-Toussaint Champion De Cicé
Louis-Toussaint Champion de Cicé (Rennes, 5 August 1732—Paris, 28 January 1792) was a French Navy officer. He served in the War of American Independence, earning membership in the Society of the Cincinnati. Biography Champion de Cicé was born to an aristocratic family. He was brother to , Bishop of Troyes and later Bishop of Auxerre, and to , who served as Minister of Justice and drafted the Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen. Champion de Cicé joined the Navy as a Garde-Marine on 12 January 1746. He was promoted to Lieutenant on 17 April 1757, and to Captain on 24 March 1772. He married Jeanne-Geneviève-Henriette de Fusée de Voisenon in 1767. In 1778, he served as first officer on the 74-gun ''Zodiaque'', part of the First Division of the White squadron in the fleet under Orvilliers. In 1780, he was given command of the 64-gun ''Solitaire'' in the squadron under Guichen. He took part in the Battle of Fort Royal on 29 avril 1781, and served un ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Louis Guillouet, Comte D'Orvilliers
Louis Guillouet, comte d'Orvilliers (26 March 1710 – 1792) was a French admiral. Life Louis Guillouet d'Orvilliers was born on 26 March 1710 in Moulins, Allier. His parents were Claude Guillouet d'Orvilliers (), seigneur d'Orvilliers, and Claude de Vict de Pongibaud (–1759). His older brother was Gilbert Guillouet d'Orvilliers, ( – 11 May 1764), governor of French Guiana from 1749 to 1763, D'Orvilliers spent most of his childhood in Cayenne, capital of the French colony French Guiana, where his father was governor. In 1723, aged fifteen, he joined the colony's infantry regiment and quickly rose to the rank of Lieutenant. In 1728, he transferred to the Navy and, by 1756, had become a captain, commanding one of the ships sent to Menorca under the direction of La Galissonière. He later took part in action near Santo Domingo and the Antilles and was rewarded with a promotion to rear admiral in 1764. Franco-American alliance In 1777, France began assisting the American coloni ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zodiac
The zodiac is a belt-shaped region of the sky that extends approximately 8° north or south (as measured in celestial latitude) of the ecliptic, the Sun path, apparent path of the Sun across the celestial sphere over the course of the year. The paths of the Moon and visible planets are within the belt of the zodiac. In Western astrology, and formerly astronomy, the zodiac is divided into astrological sign, twelve signs, each occupying 30° of celestial longitude and roughly corresponding to the following star constellations: Aries (astrology), Aries, Taurus (astrology), Taurus, Gemini (astrology), Gemini, Cancer (astrology), Cancer, Leo (astrology), Leo, Virgo (astrology), Virgo, Libra (astrology), Libra, Scorpio (astrology), Scorpio, Sagittarius (astrology), Sagittarius, Capricorn (astrology), Capricorn, Aquarius (astrology), Aquarius, and Pisces (astrology), Pisces. These astrological signs form a celestial coordinate system, or more specifically an ecliptic coordinate sys ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
