|
Francesco De Martino
Francesco de Martino (31 May 1907 – 18 November 2002) was an Italian jurist, politician, lifetime senator (1991–2002) and former Vice President of the Council of Ministers. He was considered by many to be the conscience of the Italian Socialist Party. Biography De Martino was born on May 31, 1907 in Naples, Italy. He graduated from the law school Federico II in Naples, and, under the guidance of Enrico De Nicola, embarked on the study of law and economics and became a distinguished scholar of Roman law. Emeritus Professor of law at the law school Federico II in Naples, he published several tomes, among which, the History of the Roman Constitution (in six tomes, which was compared for his monumental significance to the "Staatsrecht" by Theodor Mommsen) and the Economic History of Ancient Rome; his publications were translated in English, Spanish, German, French and Chinese. He first joined the Action Party (an anti-fascist political party) in 1943, and then joined the recon ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Senators For Life In Italy
Senators for life in Italy ( it, senatori a vita) are members of the Italian Senate who are either appointed, limited in number up to five, by the Italian President "for outstanding patriotic merits in the social, scientific, artistic or literary field" or are former presidents and thus senators for life '' ex officio''. Every president of the Italian Republic has made at least one appointment of a senator for life, with the exception of Oscar Luigi Scalfaro (since in his term there were more than five). President Giorgio Napolitano appointed Professor Mario Monti on 9 November 2011 and conductor Claudio Abbado, researcher Elena Cattaneo, architect Renzo Piano and Nobel-laureate physicist Carlo Rubbia on 30 August 2013. The president who appointed the highest number of senators for life was Luigi Einaudi, who made eight appointments during his term. Senators for life are the only senators who can decide not to be part of any political group. Limitations The Italian Constitutio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Guido De Martino
Guido De Martino (born Somma Vesuviana, 22 August 1943) is a former Italian politician of the Italian Socialist Party. He is also the son of the late socialist politician Francesco De Martino and was kidnapped for 40 days in 1977 by the Camorra. Biography De Martino was born in Somma Vesuviana, Naples Italy on 22 August 1943 to the family of Francesco De Martino. He would get a degree in philosophy, before going on to become a professor of history and philosophy. While serving as secretary of the Italian Socialist Party (PSI) in Naples, De Martino was kidnapped in Naples on 5 April 1977. He had been taken by the Neapolitan Mafia, the Camorra, who held him for six weeks. He was only freed after a one billion lire ransom, that was raised by the party, was paid to the perpetrators. It would later be revealed that some of the funds the party had provided were attained through kidnappings done by the Red Brigades. This scandal has been compared to the Moro kidnapping, by those wh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Carlo Azeglio Ciampi
Carlo Azeglio Ciampi (; 9 December 1920 – 16 September 2016) was an Italian politician and banker who was the prime minister of Italy from 1993 to 1994 and the president of Italy from 1999 to 2006. Biography Education Ciampi was born in Livorno (Province of Livorno).Page at Senate website . He received a B.A. in and in 1941 from the |
Senator For Life
A senator for life is a member of the senate or equivalent upper chamber of a legislature who has life tenure. , six Italian senators out of 206, two out of the 41 Burundian senators, one Congolese senator out of 109, and all members of the British House of Lords (apart from the 26 Lords Spiritual who are expected to retire at the age of 70) have lifetime tenure (although Lords can choose to resign or retire or can be expelled in cases of misconduct). Several South American countries once granted lifetime membership to former presidents but have since abolished the practice. Burundi In Burundi, former presidents of the Republic serve in the Senate for life. At present there are two of these: Sylvestre Ntibantunganya and Domitien Ndayizeye. Democratic Republic of the Congo The 2006 constitution of the Democratic Republic of the Congo grants lifetime membership in the Senate to former presidents of the Republic. As of 2019, Joseph Kabila is the only senator for life afte ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bettino Craxi
Benedetto "Bettino" Craxi ( , , ; 24 February 1934 – 19 January 2000) was an Italian politician, leader of the Italian Socialist Party (PSI) from 1976 to 1993, and the 45th prime minister of Italy from 1983 to 1987. He was the first PSI member to become prime minister and the third from a socialist party to hold the office. He led the third-longest government in the Italian Republic and he is considered one of the most powerful and prominent politicians of the First Italian Republic. Craxi was involved in investigations conducted by ''Mani Pulite'' judges in Milan, eventually being convicted for political corruption and illicit financing of the PSI. He always rejected the charges of corruption while admitting to the illegal funding that permitted costly political activity, the PSI being less financially powerful than the two larger parties, Christian Democracy (DC) and the Italian Communist Party (PCI). Craxi's government and party were also supported by future Prime Minister ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Camorra
The Camorra (; ) is an Italian Mafia-typeMafia and Mafia-type organizations in Italy , by Umberto Santino, in: Albanese, Das & Verma, ''Organized Crime. World Perspectives'', pp. 82–100 and originating in the region of . It is one of the oldest and largest criminal ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sandro Pertini
Alessandro "Sandro" Pertini (; 25 September 1896 – 24 February 1990) was an Italian socialist politician who served as the president of Italy from 1978 to 1985. Early life Born in Stella (Province of Savona) as the son of a wealthy landowner, Alberto, he studied at a Salesian college in Varazze, and completed his schooling at the "''Chiabrera''" lyceum (high school) in Savona. His philosophy teacher was Adelchi Baratono, a reformist socialist who contributed to his approach to socialism and probably introduced him to the inner circles of the Ligurian labour movements. Pertini obtained a law degree from the University of Genoa. Aged 19 when Italy entered World War I on the side of the Triple Entente, Pertini opposed the war, but nonetheless enlisted in the army where he served as a lieutenant and was decorated for bravery. After the armistice in 1918, he joined the Unitary Socialist Party, PSU, then he settled in Florence where he also graduated in political science with a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Colombo Cabinet
The Colombo Cabinet was the 26th cabinet of the Italian Republic. It held office from 6 August 1970 to 18 February 1972, for a total of 561 days (1 year, 6 months and 12 days). Colombo resigned on 15 January 1972, following the withdrawal of support from the PRI, which was contrary to the government's economic policy. Party breakdown * Christian Democracy (DC): prime minister, 15 ministers, 33 undersecretaries * Italian Socialist Party (PSI): deputy prime minister, 5 ministers, 14 undersecretaries * Italian Democratic Socialist Party (PSDI): 4 ministers, 9 undersecretaries * Italian Republican Party The Italian Republican Party ( it, Partito Repubblicano Italiano, PRI) is a liberal and social-liberal political party in Italy. Founded in 1895, the PRI is the oldest political party still active in Italy. The PRI has old roots and a long histo ... (PRI): 1 minister, 2 undersecretaries Composition References {{DEFAULTSORT:Colombo I Cabinet ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rumor III Cabinet
The Rumor III Cabinet was the 25th cabinet of the Italian Republic. Party breakdown * Christian Democracy (DC): prime minister, 16 ministers, 33 undersecretaries * Italian Socialist Party (PSI): deputy prime minister, 5 ministers, 13 undersecretaries * Italian Democratic Socialist Party (PSDI): 3 ministers, 8 undersecretaries * Italian Republican Party The Italian Republican Party ( it, Partito Repubblicano Italiano, PRI) is a liberal and social-liberal political party in Italy. Founded in 1895, the PRI is the oldest political party still active in Italy. The PRI has old roots and a long histo ... (PRI): 1 minister, 2 undersecretaries Composition References {{DEFAULTSORT:Rumor III Cabinet Italian governments 1970 establishments in Italy 1970 disestablishments in Italy Cabinets established in 1970 Cabinets disestablished in 1970 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rumor I Cabinet
The Rumor I Cabinet was the 23rd cabinet of the Italian Republic. The government fell in July 1969 following the splitting of the Unitary Socialist Party from the PSI. Party breakdown * Christian Democracy (DC): prime minister, 16 ministers, 32 undersecretaries * Italian Socialist Party (PSI): deputy prime minister, 8 ministers, 22 undersecretaries * Italian Republican Party The Italian Republican Party ( it, Partito Repubblicano Italiano, PRI) is a liberal and social-liberal political party in Italy. Founded in 1895, the PRI is the oldest political party still active in Italy. The PRI has old roots and a long histo ... (PRI): 1 minister, 2 undersecretaries Composition References {{DEFAULTSORT:Rumor I Cabinet Italian governments 1968 establishments in Italy 1969 disestablishments in Italy Cabinets established in 1968 Cabinets disestablished in 1969 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mondoperaio
''Mondoperaio'' is an Italian cultural-political journal that is based in Rome, Italy. The magazine has a socialist stance. History and Overview The magazine began on 4 December 1948 as ''Mondo Operaio'', on the initiative of the former Italian minister of foreign affairs and Socialist leader Pietro Nenni. Constant presence among the political-cultural journals following World War II, the review intends to intervene mainly on issues of foreign policy. Become organ of the Italian Socialist Party and fortnightly in 1953, to adopt the same year a monthly edition, the journal was enriched with new themes that would find a place at the Socialist Congress in Turin (1955) focused on the dialogue with Catholics. In the first issue of 1956 Francesco De Martino became the co-editor (Pietro Nenni would be the editor-in-chief until 1958) and, with the editorial ''Prospettive della politica socialista'', De Martino sets new tasks of the magazine, and until 1959 the magazine would focus on ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Theodor Mommsen
Christian Matthias Theodor Mommsen (; 30 November 1817 – 1 November 1903) was a German classical scholar, historian, jurist, journalist, politician and archaeologist. He is widely regarded as one of the greatest classicists of the 19th century. His work regarding Roman history is still of fundamental importance for contemporary research. He received the 1902 Nobel Prize in Literature for being "the greatest living master of the art of historical writing, with special reference to his monumental work, '' A History of Rome''", after having been nominated by 18 members of the Prussian Academy of Sciences. He was also a prominent German politician, as a member of the Prussian and German parliaments. His works on Roman law and on the law of obligations had a significant impact on the German civil code. Life Mommsen was born to German parents in Garding in the Duchy of Schleswig in 1817, then ruled by the king of Denmark, and grew up in Bad Oldesloe in Holstein, where his fat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
