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Foxwhelp
The Foxwhelp is a very old cider apple cultivar, originating in the west Midlands of England. History This is one of the oldest surviving varieties of cider apple; it is first mentioned in John Evelyn's ''Advertisements Concerning Cider'' in his work ''Pomona'' of 1664, in which it is commented that "cider for strength ..is best made of the ''Fox-whelp'' of the ''Forest of Dean'', but which comes not to be drunk until two or three years old".Hogg, R. British Pomology 1851, p.89 It is usually said to have originated in Gloucestershire or Herefordshire. By the early eighteenth century, it had become one of the most prized cultivars for cider: a letter written by a Hugh Stafford in 1727 states "I have been told by a person of credit that a hogshead of cider from this fruit has been sold in London for £8 or eight guineas, and that often a hogshead of French wine has been given in exchange for the same quantity of Fox-whelp. It is said to contain a richer and more cordial juice tha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Apple Cultivars
Over 7,500 cultivars of the culinary or eating apple (''Malus domestica'') are known. Some are extremely important economically as commercial products, though the vast majority are not suitable for mass production. In the following list, use for "eating" means that the fruit is consumed raw, rather than cooked. Cultivars used primarily for making cider are indicated. Those varieties marked have gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit. This list does not include the species and varieties of apples collectively known as crab apples, which are grown primarily for ornamental purposes, though they may be used to make jelly or compote. These are described under ''Malus''. Table of apples Cider apples Cider apples are a variety of apples that may be far too sour or bitter for fresh eating, but are used for making cider. Varieties in ''italics'' are used for both cider and eating purposes. shp = sharp, swt = sweet, bswt = bittersweet, bshp = bitte ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cider Apple
Cider apples are a group of apple cultivars grown for their use in the production of cider (referred to as "hard cider" in the United States). Cider apples are distinguished from "cookers" and "eaters", or dessert apples, by their bitterness or dryness of flavour, qualities which make the fruit unpalatable but can be useful in cidermaking. Some apples are considered to occupy more than one category. In the United Kingdom the Long Ashton Research Station categorised cider apples in 1903 into four main types according to the proportion of tannins and malic acid in the fruit. For cider production it is important that the fruit contains high sugar levels which encourage Fermentation (food), fermentation and raise the final Ethanol, alcohol levels. Cider apples therefore often have higher sugar levels than Table apple, dessert and cooking apples. It is also considered important for cider apples to contribute tannins, which add depth to the finished cider's flavour. Classification o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cider Apples
Cider ( ) is an alcoholic beverage made from the fermented juice of apples. Cider is widely available in the United Kingdom (particularly in the West Country) and the Republic of Ireland. The UK has the world's highest per capita consumption, as well as the largest cider-producing companies. Ciders from the South West of England are generally higher in alcoholic content. Cider is also popular in many Commonwealth countries, such as India, Canada, Australia, and New Zealand. As well as the UK and its former colonies, cider is popular in Portugal (mainly in Minho and Madeira), France (particularly Normandy and Brittany), Friuli, and northern Spain (specifically Asturias). Central Europe also has its own types of cider with Rhineland-Palatinate and Hesse producing a particularly tart version known as Apfelwein. In the U.S., varieties of fermented cider are often called ''hard cider'' to distinguish alcoholic cider from non-alcoholic apple cider or "sweet cider", also made from ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Apple Scab
Apple scab is a common disease of plants in the rose family ( Rosaceae) that is caused by the ascomycete fungus ''Venturia inaequalis''. While this disease affects several plant genera, including ''Sorbus, Cotoneaster,'' and '' Pyrus'', it is most commonly associated with the infection of ''Malus'' trees, including species of flowering crabapple, as well as cultivated apple. The first symptoms of this disease are found in the foliage, blossoms, and developing fruits of affected trees, which develop dark, irregularly-shaped lesions upon infection. Although apple scab rarely kills its host, infection typically leads to fruit deformation and premature leaf and fruit drop, which enhance the susceptibility of the host plant to abiotic stress and secondary infection.Jha, G., Thakur, K., & Thakur, P. (2009). The ''Venturia'' Apple Pathosystem: Pathogenicity Mechanisms and Plant Defense Responses. ''Journal of Biomedicine and Biotechnology'', 2009. doi:10.1155/2009/680160 The reduction o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Canon Pyon
Canon Pyon is a village and civil parish on the A4110 road in Herefordshire, England. The population of the parish at the 2011 Census was 542. The civil parish includes the settlement of Westhope with its tin tabernacle dedicated to St. Francis. The name derives from the nearby Pyon Hill. 'Pyon', is unusual and not used anywhere else in Britain with the exception of the nearby village of King's Pyon. Amenities include a village shop, The Nag's Head public house, a village hall, Canon Pyon CE Primary School, and the 13th-century church of St Lawrence which is a Grade I listed building. Canon Pyon, with King's Pyon, has a magazine: ''The Pyonear''. The Hermitage is a country house near the village, built c1840-1850 and used as the summer retreat of the Bishop of Hereford The Bishop of Hereford is the ordinary of the Church of England Diocese of Hereford in the Province of Canterbury. The episcopal see is centred in the Hereford, City of Hereford where the bishop's seat (' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Much Cowarne
Much Cowarne is a village and civil parish in the English county of Herefordshire, located off the A417 about 16 miles from Hereford and 10 miles from its post town of Bromyard. Geography The village is located in countryside away from main roads, with views to the Malvern Hills and Wye Valley. Composer Edward Elgar considered the landscape around the village as a source of inspiration, frequently cycling in the area to visit the church or friends at Cowarne Court. The civil parish includes the hamlet of Hope's Rough. History The ''Domesday Book'' form of the name, ''Cuure'', suggests a meaning ''cow house'', perhaps implying a significant dairying centre. Little Cowarne, to the north west, appears in Domesday as ''Colgre'' which seems a quite different name, perhaps ''charcoal wood''. The two manors became linked, probably wrongly, in a 12th-century exchequer manuscript, and have shared a name ever since. It has recently been suggested that Much Cowarne, like its neighbours B ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sport (botany)
In botany, a sport or bud sport, traditionally called ''lusus'', is a part of a plant that shows morphological differences from the rest of the plant. Sports may differ by foliage shape or color, flowers, fruit, or branch structure. The cause is generally thought to be a chance genetic mutation. Sports with desirable characteristics are often propagated vegetatively to form new cultivars that retain the characteristics of the new morphology. Such selections are often prone to "reversion", meaning that part or all of the plant reverts to its original form. An example of a bud sport is the nectarine, at least some of which developed as a bud sport from peaches. Other common fruits resulting from a sport mutation are the red Anjou pear, the Ruby Red grapefruit, and the ' Pink Lemonade' lemon, which is a sport of the "Eureka" lemon. See also * Mosaic (genetics) Mosaicism or genetic mosaicism is a condition in multicellular organisms in which a single organism possesses more tha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gravity (alcoholic Beverage)
Gravity, in the context of fermenting alcoholic beverages, refers to the specific gravity (abbreviated SG), or relative density compared to water, of the wort or must at various stages in the fermentation. The concept is used in the brewing and wine-making industries. Specific gravity is measured by a hydrometer, refractometer, pycnometer or oscillating U-tube electronic meter. The density of a wort is largely dependent on the sugar content of the wort. During alcohol fermentation, yeast converts sugars into carbon dioxide and alcohol. By monitoring the decline in SG over time the brewer obtains information about the health and progress of the fermentation and determines that it is complete when gravity stops declining. If the fermentation is finished, the specific gravity is called the final gravity (abbreviated FG). For example, for a typical strength beer, original gravity (abbreviated OG) could be 1.050 and FG could be 1.010. Several different scales have been used for m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Malic Acid
Malic acid is an organic compound with the molecular formula . It is a dicarboxylic acid that is made by all living organisms, contributes to the sour taste of fruits, and is used as a food additive. Malic acid has two stereoisomeric forms (L- and D-enantiomers), though only the L-isomer exists naturally. The salts and esters of malic acid are known as malates. The malate anion is an intermediate in the citric acid cycle. Etymology The word 'malic' is derived from Latin ' mālum', meaning 'apple'. The related Latin word , meaning 'apple tree', is used as the name of the genus ''Malus'', which includes all apples and crabapples; and the origin of other taxonomic classifications such as Maloideae, Malinae, and Maleae. Biochemistry L-Malic acid is the naturally occurring form, whereas a mixture of L- and D-malic acid is produced synthetically. File:L-Äpfelsäure.svg, L-Malic acid File:D-Äpfelsäure.svg, D-Malic acid Malate plays an important role in biochemistry. In the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tibberton, Gloucestershire
Tibberton is located from Gloucester and 5 miles from Newent Newent (; originally called "Noent") is a market town and civil parish about 10½ miles (17 km) north-west of Gloucester, England. Its population was 5,073 at the 2001 census, rising to 5,207 in 2011, The population was 6,777 at the 2021 Census. .... The current population of Tibberton is approximately 650, reducing to 565 at the 2011 census. Tibberton is a parish of in an area with 248 households. The local primary school is Tibberton Community Primary School with roughly 95 pupils and is currently rated "good" by Ofsted, as of September 2012. Governance An electoral ward in the same name exists. This ward starts on the outskirts of Gloucester and stretches to Newent. The total population of the ward at the 2011 census was 1,664. References Villages in Gloucestershire Forest of Dean {{Gloucestershire-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Malus Domestica
An apple is an edible fruit produced by an apple tree (''Malus domestica''). Apple trees are cultivated worldwide and are the most widely grown species in the genus ''Malus''. The tree originated in Central Asia, where its wild ancestor, ''Malus sieversii'', is still found today. Apples have been grown for thousands of years in Asia and Europe and were brought to North America by European colonists. Apples have religious and mythological significance in many cultures, including Norse, Greek, and European Christian tradition. Apples grown from seed tend to be very different from those of their parents, and the resultant fruit frequently lacks desired characteristics. Generally, apple cultivars are propagated by clonal grafting onto rootstocks. Apple trees grown without rootstocks tend to be larger and much slower to fruit after planting. Rootstocks are used to control the speed of growth and the size of the resulting tree, allowing for easier harvesting. There are more ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Long Ashton Research Station
Long Ashton Research Station (LARS) was an agricultural and horticultural government-funded research centre located in the village of Long Ashton near Bristol, UK. It was created in 1903 to study and improve the West Country cider industry and became part of the University of Bristol in 1912. Later, it expanded into fruit research (particularly apples, pears, plums, strawberries and blackcurrants) and in the 1980s was redirected to work on arable crops and aspects of botany. It closed in 2003. The Research Station is commonly known for developing Ribena a still popular vitamin C-rich drink that was widely distributed in the UK during the Second World War, and the Long Ashton Nutrient Solution (LANS). History of LARS Research on cider making began privately in 1893 at Robert Neville-Grenville's farm near Glastonbury. This led to the formation of the National Fruit and Cider Institute in 1903 in fields south of the main road through Long Ashton. Frederick Lloyd was appointed Dir ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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