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Fort De Caluire
Fort de Caluire was an old fortification situated in Caluire-et-Cuire. Now demolished, it was part of the first belt of forts protecting Lyon. History Built in 1831, it was connected to the Fort de Montessuy by a long chamber, from which it defended the approaches to the Croix-Rousse along the road from the Dombes. Placed on the slope of the Saône it defended the river, along with Fort de Loyasse, Fort Duchère and Fort Saint-Jean. It was square, with a bastion at each corner. In the 1860s a mushroom farm operated in the underground enclosure connecting the two forts, with the old bastions repurposed into underground grow-rooms.. T Today The fort was demolished in 1933 to make way for the construction of the current Henri Cochet stadium. A few clues remain as to its location such as the present street known as the montée (rise or climb) des Forts; the entrance to fort de Caluire was at the current intersection of montée des Forts and avenue Paul Doumer. File:W ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Caluire-et-Cuire
Caluire-et-Cuire (; frp, Caluéres-et-Cuéres) is a commune in the Metropolis of Lyon in Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region in eastern France. It is the fifth-largest suburb of the city of Lyon, and lies 4 km north-by-east of Lyon. Population Neighbourhoods * Le Bourg * Vassieux * Cuire-le-Bas (quarter) * Cuire-le-Haut (quarter) * Saint-Clair * Le Vernay * Montessuy * Bissardon See also * Parc Saint-Clair is a public greenspace in the quarter of Saint-Clair in the commune Caluire-et-Cuire near Lyon. The park has an area of , is bordered by the Rhône to the south and the to the north and east. It was designed by landscape architect Alain Provo ... References External links Town council website(in French) {{DEFAULTSORT:Caluireetcuire Communes of Lyon Metropolis Lyonnais ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fort Saint-Jean (Lyon)
The Fort Saint-Jean is located in the 1st arrondissement of Lyon and part of the first fort belt of Lyon, which includes Fort de Loyasse, and the now-demolished Fort Duchère and Fort de Caluire. History The fort was initially nothing but a bastion built as a component of the wall around the Croix-Rousse hill at the beginning of 16th century by François I, to protect the town from the Swiss. In 1636 the Halincourt gate was built to the Rhone. The fort was completed in the 18th century, but construction of the current building began in 1834. Fort Saint-Jean has an area of 17,000 m2 and dominates the Saône river from 40m above the river. In 1932, the French Defence Health service, Military Health Service had its regional pharmacy there. On 2 September 1944, when Lyon was occupied by the Germans, a group of volunteers gathered at the fort to prevent the occupiers from destroying the Bridges of Lyon, bridges over the Saône. In 1984 the fort was occupied by the Veterinary Servi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
19th-century Fortifications
The 19th (nineteenth) century began on 1 January 1801 ( MDCCCI), and ended on 31 December 1900 ( MCM). The 19th century was the ninth century of the 2nd millennium. The 19th century was characterized by vast social upheaval. Slavery was abolished in much of Europe and the Americas. The First Industrial Revolution, though it began in the late 18th century, expanding beyond its British homeland for the first time during this century, particularly remaking the economies and societies of the Low Countries, the Rhineland, Northern Italy, and the Northeastern United States. A few decades later, the Second Industrial Revolution led to ever more massive urbanization and much higher levels of productivity, profit, and prosperity, a pattern that continued into the 20th century. The Islamic gunpowder empires fell into decline and European imperialism brought much of South Asia, Southeast Asia, and almost all of Africa under colonial rule. It was also marked by the collapse of the large S ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fortifications In France
A fortification is a military construction or building designed for the defense of territories in warfare, and is also used to establish rule in a region during peacetime. The term is derived from Latin ''fortis'' ("strong") and ''facere'' ("to make"). From very early history to modern times, defensive walls have often been necessary for cities to survive in an ever-changing world of invasion and conquest. Some settlements in the Indus Valley civilization were the first small cities to be fortified. In ancient Greece, large stone walls had been built in Mycenaean Greece, such as the ancient site of Mycenae (famous for the huge stone blocks of its 'cyclopean' walls). A Greek '' phrourion'' was a fortified collection of buildings used as a military garrison, and is the equivalent of the Roman castellum or English fortress. These constructions mainly served the purpose of a watch tower, to guard certain roads, passes, and borders. Though smaller than a real fortress, they ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fortification Lines
A fortification is a military construction or building designed for the defense of territories in warfare, and is also used to establish rule in a region during peacetime. The term is derived from Latin ''fortis'' ("strong") and ''facere'' ("to make"). From very early history to modern times, defensive walls have often been necessary for cities to survive in an ever-changing world of invasion and conquest. Some settlements in the Indus Valley civilization were the first small cities to be fortified. In ancient Greece, large stone walls had been built in Mycenaean Greece, such as the ancient site of Mycenae (famous for the huge stone blocks of its 'cyclopean' walls). A Greek '' phrourion'' was a fortified collection of buildings used as a military garrison, and is the equivalent of the Roman castellum or English fortress. These constructions mainly served the purpose of a watch tower, to guard certain roads, passes, and borders. Though smaller than a real fortress, they act ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fortifications Of Lyon
The ceintures de Lyon ('Belts of Lyon') were a series of fortifications built between 1830 and 1890 around the city of Lyon, France, to protect the city from foreign invasion. The belts comprised two defensive barriers that included forts, lunettes, ramparts, batteries, and other defensive structures. Many of these structures proved to be ineffective in war due to advancement in weapon technology and the evolution of attack strategies at the time. Some of the fortifications of the ceintures de Lyon have been destroyed, though many remain today. History After the July Revolution in 1830 and the end of the Bourbon monarchy, the government feared a new war. Austria was seen as the major threat to France at the time, and so protecting the east and south-east borders became a priority. Construction of the first belt In 1830 the maréchal de camp, Hubert Rohault de Fleury, commenced a project designed by military engineer Baron Haxo. With a budget of francs (approximat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ceintures De Lyon
The ceintures de Lyon ('Belts of Lyon') were a series of fortifications built between 1830 and 1890 around the city of Lyon, France, to protect the city from foreign invasion. The belts comprised two defensive barriers that included forts, lunettes, ramparts, batteries, and other defensive structures. Many of these structures proved to be ineffective in war due to advancement in weapon technology and the evolution of attack strategies at the time. Some of the fortifications of the ceintures de Lyon have been destroyed, though many remain today. History After the July Revolution in 1830 and the end of the Bourbon monarchy, the government feared a new war. Austria was seen as the major threat to France at the time, and so protecting the east and south-east borders became a priority. Construction of the first belt In 1830 the maréchal de camp, Hubert Rohault de Fleury, commenced a project designed by military engineer Baron Haxo. With a budget of francs (approxim ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bastion
A bastion or bulwark is a structure projecting outward from the curtain wall of a fortification, most commonly angular in shape and positioned at the corners of the fort. The fully developed bastion consists of two faces and two flanks, with fire from the flanks being able to protect the curtain wall and the adjacent bastions. Compared with the medieval fortified towers they replaced, bastion fortifications offered a greater degree of passive resistance and more scope for ranged defence in the age of gunpowder artillery. As military architecture, the bastion is one element in the style of fortification dominant from the mid 16th to mid 19th centuries. Evolution By the middle of the 15th century, artillery pieces had become powerful enough to make the traditional medieval round tower and curtain wall obsolete. This was exemplified by the campaigns of Charles VII of France who reduced the towns and castles held by the English during the latter stages of the Hundred Years War, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fort Duchère
The Fort Duchère or Fort Balmont is located in the 9th arrondissement of Lyon, 9th arrondissement of Lyon. Composed of five bastions built between 1844 and 1851, it is part of the first belt of fortifications in Lyon, which include: *Fort de Caluire (now demolished), *Fort de Loyasse and *Fort Saint-Jean (Lyon), Fort Saint-Jean. This fort was unusual for its star shape, evoking the style of fortifications of Vauban, Vauban fortification and construction. It was demolished in 1960 and replaced by a sports complex. History It was originally built to defend Lyon in case the enemy managed to infiltrate Limonest by the road from Paris, more particularly by royal roads of Burgundy and Bourbonnais. In 1944, 39 French Resistance fighters were shot by the Vichy French at the fort after they were sentenced to death at a court-martial. Decommissioned in 1957, the fort was used in the 1960s as a recruitment center for the army, then welcomed returning soldiers home from Algerian War. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hubert Rohault De Fleury (soldier)
General Baron Hubert Rohault de Fleury (2 April 1779 – 21 September 1866) was a French soldier who played a major role in the fortifications of Lyon. Origins The Rohault family originated in Abbeville. Jean-Baptiste Louis Rohault, a cloth and silk merchant, established himself in Paris on the rue Saint-Honoré in the middle of the 18th century. He married into the nobility. His son, Hubert Jean-Baptiste Rohault de Fleury, born in 1750, was an advocate of the Parliament of Paris and keeper of the records of the Company of the Indies. Hubert Jean-Baptiste had two sons. Charles Hubert Rohault de Fleury was born on 2 July 1777, and went on to become a prominent architect. Hubert Rohault de Fleury was born in Paris in 1779. He attended the college of Juilly. At the age of 16, he entered the École Polytechnique and graduated in 1798. He entered the School of Engineering at Metz and left the school in 1800 as a lieutenant. Military career During the Napoleonic Wars, Hubert Rohault ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fort De Loyasse
Fort de Loyasse is a fort built between 1836 and 1840. It is currently in the 9th arrondissement of Lyon and is part of the first belt of forts protecting Lyon. The fort is a sister fort to Fort de Caluire and Fort de la Duchère, Fort Duchère (both since demolished) and Fort Saint-Jean (Lyon), Fort Saint-Jean. History Built in 1836-1840 as a result of the July Revolution and resulting fears of an invasion of France by Austria, the fort of Loyasse was intended to protect the city from invaders from the east. This fort and the Fort de Vaise are located on the site of the former walled area of the Py. The invention in 1858 of Rifling, rifled bores replaced Smoothbore, Smooth-bore rifles, and extended the reach of projectiles to 2,500m. Then Picric acid, melinite replaced gunpowder in 1885, which increased the blast of explosions, and forts of the Loyasse generation become obsolete. The fort was used in World War I to house prisoners of war; during the World War II, Second W ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Saône
The Saône ( , ; frp, Sona; lat, Arar) is a river in eastern France. It is a right tributary of the Rhône, rising at Vioménil in the Vosges department and joining the Rhône in Lyon, at the southern end of the Presqu'île. The name derives from that of the Gallic river goddess Souconna, which has also been connected with a local Celtic tribe, the Sequanes. Monastic copyists progressively transformed ''Souconna'' to ''Saoconna'', which ultimately gave rise to . The other recorded ancient names for the river were and . Geography The Saône rises at Vioménil at the foot of the cliff of the Faucilles in the Vosges at an elevation of , and flows into the Rhône at Lyon at an elevation of . Its length is . Its largest tributary is the Doubs; upstream of receiving the Doubs at Verdun-sur-le-Doubs in Saône-et-Loire, the Saône is called the "Petite Saône" (lesser Saône), which reflects the large contribution of the Doubs to the Saône. In fact the Doubs' mean annual fl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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