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Football In Occupied Poland (1939–1945)
On September 1, 1939, the armed forces of Nazi Germany invaded Poland from the west initiating World War II. Two weeks later, on September 17, Soviet Union joined Germany in their attack on the Second Polish Republic. By early October, Poland was defeated. The occupied Poland was the only country in Europe where the Nazis had introduced a total ban on regional sports clubs. Football was allowed to be practised only by the Germans in the annexed areas of Upper Silesia. Polish activists and players risked their lives by organizing clandestine football competitions in Kraków, Warsaw and Poznań. Following Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact, Poland was split between the two occupiers. Eastern regions were annexed by Soviet Union's republics of Ukraine and Belarus, while western part was either directly annexed into Germany, or became General Government – a separate region of the Greater German Reich. The region of Wilno was annexed by Lithuania. Because of the war, ongoing games of the 1939 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nazi Germany
Nazi Germany (lit. "National Socialist State"), ' (lit. "Nazi State") for short; also ' (lit. "National Socialist Germany") (officially known as the German Reich from 1933 until 1943, and the Greater German Reich from 1943 to 1945) was the German state between 1933 and 1945, when Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party controlled the country, transforming it into a dictatorship. Under Hitler's rule, Germany quickly became a totalitarian state where nearly all aspects of life were controlled by the government. The Third Reich, meaning "Third Realm" or "Third Empire", alluded to the Nazi claim that Nazi Germany was the successor to the earlier Holy Roman Empire (800–1806) and German Empire (1871–1918). The Third Reich, which Hitler and the Nazis referred to as the Thousand-Year Reich, ended in May 1945 after just 12 years when the Allies defeated Germany, ending World War II in Europe. On 30 January 1933, Hitler was appointed chancellor of Germany, the head of gove ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ruch Chorzów
Ruch Chorzów () is a Polish association football club based in Chorzów, Upper Silesia. It is one of the most successful football teams in Poland: fourteen-time national champions, and three-time winners of the Polish Cup. Currently the team plays in the Polish Second Division. Ruch plays at the Ruch Stadium with a capacity of 9,300 seats.Stadion Miejski (Chorzów) at ruchchorzow.com.pl Ruch Chorzów has also had a very successful female handball team (9 times national champions). History The club was founded on 20 April 1920 in Bismarkhuta (German ''Bismarckhütte'', historically ''Hajduki''), one of the many heavily industrialised municipalities in the eastern part of |
Kresy Tarnopol
WCKS Kresy Tarnopol is a defunct Polish multi-sports club, which was located in Tarnopol, then in southeastern Poland; currently Ternopil, Ukraine. They had a football department which participated in regional leagues of the local Polish Football Association branch. Kresy Eastern Borderlands ( pl, Kresy Wschodnie) or simply Borderlands ( pl, Kresy, ) was a term coined for the eastern part of the Second Polish Republic during the interwar period (1918–1939). Largely agricultural and extensively multi-ethnic, it ... as a region and therefore the club too ceased to exist in September 1939, after German and Soviet aggression against Poland. References Association football clubs established in 1907 Association football clubs disestablished in 1939 1907 establishments in Austria-Hungary 1939 disestablishments in Poland Defunct football clubs in Ukraine Defunct football clubs in former Polish territories Military association football clubs in Poland {{Ukraine-f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rewera Stanisławów
WCKS Rewera Stanisławów was a Polish football team, located in Stanisławów (now Ivano-Frankivsk), in the historic territory of Galicia. The club's hues were red and blue, same as the hues of one of the most popular Polish teams, Pogoń Lwów. Apart from football, Rewera, a member of the WCKS society, had other departments as well – volleyball, boxing, ice hockey, cycling, and track and field. All home games were held at a municipal stadium in Potocki Park, funded by the local savings bank. Among the activists of Rewera, was the father of Maryla Rodowicz, one of the most popular Polish singers. The club was founded in 1908, when the city of Stanisławów (Stanyslaviv) belonged to the Austrian province of the Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria. The name of the city comes from the nickname of Polish magnate Stanisław Potocki, whose son, Andrzej Potocki, founded the city of Stanisławów. "Rewera" is a variation of a Latin proverb "re vera", which means "in fact". The fo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Junak Drohobycz
Junak Drohobycz was a Polish Association football, football team, located in Drohobycz in the historic territory of the Kresy Wschodnie, Polish Eastern Borderlands, what is now Drohobych, Ukraine. The club was disbanded by the Soviet Union, Soviet occupying authorities in the autumn of 1939, following the Soviet invasion of Poland at the start of World War II. In early months of the war, members of Junak created the White Couriers, a boyscouting organization, which smuggled hundreds of persons from the area of Soviet-occupied Lwów (now Lviv) to Hungary, across the Soviet-Hungarian border in the Carpathians. History In 1922, a sports club Czarni was founded in Drohobych. In 1930 it changed name to Strzelec, and later, in 1931 – to Junak. For the first few years, the new team did not achieve anything significant in Polish football, lagging far behind top teams from Lwów. Crucial was the year 1937 – in March, Captain Mieczysław Młotek from Drohobycz's Polish Ar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kresy
Eastern Borderlands ( pl, Kresy Wschodnie) or simply Borderlands ( pl, Kresy, ) was a term coined for the eastern part of the Second Polish Republic during the interwar period (1918–1939). Largely agricultural and extensively multi-ethnic, it amounted to nearly half of the territory of pre-war Poland. Historically situated in the eastern Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, following the 18th-century foreign partitions it was annexed by Russia and partly by the Habsburg monarchy ( Galicia), and ceded to Poland in 1921 after the Peace of Riga. As a result of the post-World War II border changes, none of the lands remain in Poland today. The Polish plural term ''Kresy'' corresponds to the Russian ''okrainy'' (), meaning "the border regions". It is also largely co-terminous with the northern areas of the "Pale of Settlement", a scheme devised by Catherine the Great to limit Jews from settling in the homogenously Christian Orthodox core of the Russian Empire, such as Moscow and Sa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ukraina Lwów
Ukraina Lviv (full name: ''Sports Society Ukraina Lviv'') was a Galician and then Polish association football team of the ST Ukraina (Sports Society), located in the city of Lviv. At that time the ST Ukraina was a sports society of ethnic Ukrainians in Poland and Austria-Hungary, earlier. The football team existed in 1911–14, 1921–39 and 1942–44. The club was liquidated twice by the Soviet regime. History The club was founded in 1911 based on the Ukrainian Sports Club (USK, existed since 1904) on initiative of professor Ivan Bobersky who had previously been a teacher of physical education in a Ukrainian junior high school in Przemyśl. During first three years of existence, Ukraina played mostly with other ethnic Ukrainian sides from Galicia, and in 1914, with outbreak of World War I, the club ceased its activities. Ukraina returned in 1921 and in 1928 it became a member of the Polish Football Association. The team played in Lwow A-Class, which was equivalent of today's ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hasmonea Lwów
Hasmonea Lwów was a Polish-Jewish sports club based in the city of Lwów (now Lviv, Ukraine). Created in 1908 in Austria-Hungary, it was the first sports club exclusively for Jewish members. It was named after the Hasmonean royal dynasty. The full Polish name was Żydowski Klub Sportowy Hasmonea Lwów (''Jewish Sports Club Hasmonea Club''). In the interbellum the Hasmonea was one of four Lwów-based clubs playing in the Polish First League and arguably the most popular Jewish football club in Poland. In 1928 it was ranked 13th in the league and relegated. There was a conflict between the club and PZPN officially due to failing to pay its dues. In 1929 the club paid its owed dues and next year revived its football team which competed in regional competition of Lwow Voivodeship. In 1932 the original stadium of the club was deliberately burnt down. The most popular football player primarily associated with the club was Zygmunt Steuermann. Hasmonea was also famous for its excellent t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lechia Lwów
Lechia Lwów (full name: ''Lwowski Klub Sportowy "Lechia" Lwów'') was the first Polish professional association football club, founded in summer 1903 in Lwów by students of the 3rd and 4th gymnasiums as well as former members of the Sokół football department. During the Second Republic of Poland the club was one of four teams from Lwów that played in the Polish Football First league (season 1931 – 12th). The club became two times champion of Lwów District League (liga okręgowa) where it spent 17 seasons. After invasion of Poland by the Soviet forces in 1939 the club was dissolved and its place was formed FC Lokomotyv Lviv. The club's name comes from Lechia, the original name for Poland. The club's tradition as a Polish club was continued by people expelled from Lwów who moved to Gdańsk and created Lechia Gdańsk after war in 1945 such as Ryszard Koncewicz. General information * Full name: Lwowski Klub Sportowy (Lwów's Sports Club) "Lechia" Lwów * Founded: 190 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Czarni Lwów
Czarni Lwów was one of the first Polish professional sports clubs with the well developed football section as well as ice hockey among the several other sports. The football club was started in the late 19th century in Lwów as a school football section Sława Lwów. In 1903 the name was changed and the club became professional. History In 1911, together with KS Cracovia and two other teams, Czarni created the Polish Football Association, the predecessor of the modern PZPN national football association. The first football club in Poland, the Czarni (Black, name coined after their black shirts; because of their colours the team was commonly dubbed ''Powidlaki'' – an allusion to the ''plum marmalade'' colour of their logo) were the best known and most popular sports club in Lwów (together with Pogoń Lwów formed soon afterwards). The official name translates as the First Military-Civil Sport Club Blacks Lwów. Although the main interest of the fans lay in football, soon ot ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pogoń Lwów
LKS Pogoń Lwów is a former Polish professional sports club which was located in Lwów, Lwów Voivodeship (now Lviv in Ukraine), and existed from 1904 until the outbreak of World War II in 1939. It was the second oldest Polish football club behind other teams from Lwów – Czarni and Lechia. With numerous departments, among them football, ice hockey and track and field, Pogoń was a major force of Polish sports in the interbellum period; its football team was never relegated from the elite Polish Football League. The club ceased to exist in September 1939, following German and Soviet aggression on Poland. On 2 July 1939, Pogoń played last pre-war official home game, drawing 1–1 with AKS Chorzów. The last pre-war game of the Pogoń's football team took place in Warsaw on 20 August 1939. Lwów's side lost 1–2 to Polonia Warsaw, scorer of the last goal was the 20-year-old forward Piotr Dreher. A club under the same name wishing to continue its traditions was formed i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Romania
Romania ( ; ro, România ) is a country located at the crossroads of Central Europe, Central, Eastern Europe, Eastern, and Southeast Europe, Southeastern Europe. It borders Bulgaria to the south, Ukraine to the north, Hungary to the west, Serbia to the southwest, Moldova to the east, and the Black Sea to the southeast. It has a predominantly Temperate climate, temperate-continental climate, and an area of , with a population of around 19 million. Romania is the List of European countries by area, twelfth-largest country in Europe and the List of European Union member states by population, sixth-most populous member state of the European Union. Its capital and largest city is Bucharest, followed by Iași, Cluj-Napoca, Timișoara, Constanța, Craiova, Brașov, and Galați. The Danube, Europe's second-longest river, rises in Germany's Black Forest and flows in a southeasterly direction for , before emptying into Romania's Danube Delta. The Carpathian Mountains, which cross Roma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
