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Fomitopsis
''Fomitopsis'' is a genus of more than 40 species of bracket fungi in the family Fomitopsidaceae. Taxonomy The genus was circumscription (taxonomy), circumscribed by Finnish mycologist Petter Karsten in 1881 with ''Fomitopsis pinicola'' as the type species. Molecular phylogenetics, Molecular analysis indicates that ''Fomitopsis'' belongs to the antrodia clade, which contains about 70 percent of brown-rot fungi. Other genera that join ''Fomitopsis'' in the core antrodia group include ''Amyloporia'', ''Antrodia'', ''Daedalea'', ''Melanoporia'', ''Piptoporus'', and ''Rhodonia''. Studies have indicated that ''Fomitopsis'' and ''Piptoporus'' were phylogenetically heterogenous, and the type species, type of that genus, ''Piptoporus betulinus'', is in the ''Fomitopsis'' core group. This fungus, well known for its use by Ötzi the Iceman, was transferred to ''Fomitopsis'' in 2016. The whole genome sequence of ''Fomitopsis palustris'' was reported in 2017. The generic name combines the n ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fomitopsis Pinicola
''Fomitopsis pinicola'', is a stem decay fungus common on softwood and hardwood trees. Its conk (fruit body) is known as the red-belted conk. The species is common throughout temperate Europe and Asia. It is a decay fungus that serves as a small-scale disturbance agent in coastal rainforest ecosystems. It influences stand structure and succession in temperate rainforests. It performs essential nutrient cycling functions in forests. It has been reported that mushrooms have significant antioxidant activity. Description The cap is hoof-shaped or triangular, and sometimes shelflike. It is hard and tough, and up to 30 cm or more across and 15 cm thick. Its surface is more or less smooth, at first orange-yellow with a white margin, later dark reddish to brown and then frequently with an orange margin. The pore surface is pale yellow to leather-brown, 3–4 pores per mm. It grows as thick shelves on live and dead coniferous or (less commonly) deciduous trees. The spores are pale y ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Piptoporus Betulinus
''Fomitopsis betulina'' (previously ''Piptoporus betulinus''), commonly known as the birch polypore, birch bracket, or razor strop, is a common bracket fungus and, as the name suggests, grows almost exclusively on birch trees. The brackets burst out from the bark of the tree, and these fruit bodies can last for more than a year. Taxonomy The fungus was originally described by Jean Bulliard in 1788 as ''Boletus betulinus''. It was transferred to the genus '' Piptoporus'' by Petter Karsten in 1881. Molecular phylogenetic studies suggested that the species was more closely related to ''Fomitopsis'' than to ''Piptoporus'', and the fungus was reclassified to ''Fomitopsis'' in 2016. The specific epithet ''betulina'' refers to the genus of the host plant (''Betula''). Common names for the fungus include birch bracket, birch polypore, and razorstrop fungus. Description The fruit bodies (basidiocarps) are pale, with a smooth greyish-brown top surface, while the creamy white undersid ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fomitopsis Palustris
''Fomitopsis palustris'' is a species of polypore fungus in the family Fomitopsidaceae. It causes brown rot, a disease of wood that results from the enzymatic breakdown of the wood component cellulose, but not lignin. Several enzymes involved in the wood-decay process have been biochemically characterized. The whole genome sequence of ''F. palustris'' was reported in 2017. Wood decay enzymes ''Fomitopsis palustris'' is known to possess three different cellulase enzymes. An endoglucanase, named EG-II, has been purified and characterized from this species in 2008; it is believed to assist in the wood rot process by loosening the polysaccharide network in cell walls by disentangling hemicelluloses associated with cellulose Cellulose is an organic compound with the formula , a polysaccharide consisting of a linear chain of several hundred to many thousands of β(1→4) linked D-glucose units. Cellulose is an important structural component of the primary cell wall .... Re ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fomitopsidaceae
The Fomitopsidaceae are a family of fungi in the order Polyporales. Most species are parasitic on woody plants, and tend to cause brown rots. The name comes from ''Fomitopsis'' (meaning "looking like Fomes") + ''-aceae'' (a suffix used to form taxonomic family names). Genera In a proposed family-level classification of the Polyporales based on molecular phylogenetics Molecular phylogenetics () is the branch of phylogeny that analyzes genetic, hereditary molecular differences, predominantly in DNA sequences, to gain information on an organism's evolutionary relationships. From these analyses, it is possible to ..., Alfredo Justo and colleagues accept 14 genera in the Fomitopsidaceae: '' Anthoporia'', ''Antrodia'', ''Buglossoporus'', '' Cartilosoma'', ''Daedalea'', ''Fomitopsis'', ''Fragifomes'', '' Melanoporia'', ''Neolentiporus'', ''Niveoporofomes'', '' Rhodofomes'', ''Rhodofomitopsis'', ''Rubellofomes'', and ''Ungulidaedalea''. References External links * Fomitops ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bracket Fungi
Polypores are a group of fungi that form large fruiting bodies with pores or tubes on the underside (see Delimitation for exceptions). They are a morphological group of basidiomycetes-like gilled mushrooms and hydnoid fungi, and not all polypores are closely related to each other. Polypores are also called bracket fungi or shelf fungi, and they characteristically produce woody, shelf- or bracket-shaped or occasionally circular fruiting bodies that are called conks. Most polypores inhabit tree trunks or branches consuming the wood, but some soil-inhabiting species form mycorrhiza with trees. Polypores and the related corticioid fungi are the most important agents of wood decay, playing a very significant role in nutrient cycling and aiding carbon dioxide absorption by forest ecosystems. Over one thousand polypore species have been described to science, but a large part of the diversity is still unknown even in relatively well-studied temperate areas. Polypores are much more div ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Daedalea
''Daedalea'' is a genus of fungi in the family Fomitopsidaceae. The genus was circumscribed in 1801 by mycologist Christian Hendrik Persoon, based on the type '' D. quercina'' and four other species. The generic name is derived from the Ancient Greek Ancient Greek includes the forms of the Greek language used in ancient Greece and the ancient world from around 1500 BC to 300 BC. It is often roughly divided into the following periods: Mycenaean Greek (), Dark Ages (), the Archaic peri ... ("curiously wrought"). Species References External links * Fomitopsidaceae Polyporales genera Taxa named by Christiaan Hendrik Persoon Fungi described in 1801 {{Polyporales-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phylogenetic
In biology, phylogenetics (; from Greek φυλή/ φῦλον [] "tribe, clan, race", and wikt:γενετικός, γενετικός [] "origin, source, birth") is the study of the evolutionary history and relationships among or within groups of organisms. These relationships are determined by Computational phylogenetics, phylogenetic inference methods that focus on observed heritable traits, such as DNA sequences, protein amino acid sequences, or morphology. The result of such an analysis is a phylogenetic tree—a diagram containing a hypothesis of relationships that reflects the evolutionary history of a group of organisms. The tips of a phylogenetic tree can be living taxa or fossils, and represent the "end" or the present time in an evolutionary lineage. A phylogenetic diagram can be rooted or unrooted. A rooted tree diagram indicates the hypothetical common ancestor of the tree. An unrooted tree diagram (a network) makes no assumption about the ancestral line, and does ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pileus (mycology)
The pileus is the technical name for the cap, or cap-like part, of a basidiocarp or ascocarp (fungal fruiting body) that supports a spore-bearing surface, the hymenium.Moore-Landecker, E: "Fundamentals of the Fungi", page 560. Prentice Hall, 1972. The hymenium (hymenophore) may consist of lamellae, tubes, or teeth, on the underside of the pileus. A pileus is characteristic of agarics, boletes, some polypores, tooth fungi, and some ascomycetes. Classification Pilei can be formed in various shapes, and the shapes can change over the course of the developmental cycle of a fungus. The most familiar pileus shape is hemispherical or ''convex.'' Convex pilei often continue to expand as they mature until they become flat. Many well-known species have a convex pileus, including the button mushroom, various ''Amanita'' species and boletes. Some, such as the parasol mushroom, have distinct bosses or umbos and are described as ''umbonate''. An umbo is a knobby protrusion at the center of th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sessility (botany)
In botany, sessility (meaning "sitting", used in the sense of "resting on the surface") is a characteristic of plant parts (such as flowers and leaves) that have no stalk. Plant parts can also be described as subsessile, that is, not completely sessile. A sessile flower is one that lacks a pedicel (flower stalk). A flower that is not sessile is pedicellate. For example, the genus ''Trillium'' is partitioned into two subgenera, the sessile-flowered trilliums (''Trillium'' subg. ''Sessilium'') and the pedicellate-flowered trilliums. Sessile leaves lack petioles (leaf stalks). A leaf that is not sessile is petiolate. For example, the leaves of most monocotyledons lack petioles. The term sessility is also used in mycology to describe a fungal fruit body that is attached to or seated directly on the surface of the substrate, lacking a supporting stipe or pedicel Pedicle or pedicel may refer to: Human anatomy *Pedicle of vertebral arch, the segment between the transvers ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Perennial
A perennial plant or simply perennial is a plant that lives more than two years. The term ('' per-'' + '' -ennial'', "through the years") is often used to differentiate a plant from shorter-lived annuals and biennials. The term is also widely used to distinguish plants with little or no woody growth (secondary growth in girth) from trees and shrubs, which are also technically perennials. Perennialsespecially small flowering plantsthat grow and bloom over the spring and summer, die back every autumn and winter, and then return in the spring from their rootstock or other overwintering structure, are known as herbaceous perennials. However, depending on the rigours of local climate (temperature, moisture, organic content in the soil, microorganisms), a plant that is a perennial in its native habitat, or in a milder garden, may be treated by a gardener as an annual and planted out every year, from seed, from cuttings, or from divisions. Tomato vines, for example, live several ye ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Basidiocarp
In fungi, a basidiocarp, basidiome, or basidioma () is the sporocarp of a basidiomycete, the multicellular structure on which the spore-producing hymenium is borne. Basidiocarps are characteristic of the hymenomycetes; rusts and smuts do not produce such structures. As with other sporocarps, epigeous (above-ground) basidiocarps that are visible to the naked eye (especially those with a more or less agaricoid morphology) are commonly referred to as mushrooms, while hypogeous (underground) basidiocarps are usually called false truffles. Structure All basidiocarps serve as the structure on which the hymenium is produced. Basidia are found on the surface of the hymenium, and the basidia ultimately produce spores. In its simplest form, a basidiocarp consists of an undifferentiated fruiting structure with a hymenium on the surface; such a structure is characteristic of many simple jelly and club fungi. In more complex basidiocarps, there is differentiation into a stipe, a pileus ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
