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Floridi
Luciano Floridi (; born 16 November 1964) is an Italian people, Italian and British people, British philosopher. He holds a double appointment as professor of philosophy and ethics of information at the University of Oxford, Oxford Internet Institute where is also Governing Body Fellow of Exeter College, Oxford, and as Professor of Sociology of Culture and Communication at the University of Bologna, Department of Legal Studies, where he is the director of the Centre for Digital Ethics. He is adjunct professor ("distinguished scholar in residence"), Department of Economics, American University, Washington D.C. Floridi is best known for his work on two areas of philosophical research: the philosophy of information, and information ethics (also known as digital ethics or computer ethics). Between 2008 and 2013, he held the research chair in philosophy of information and the UNESCO Chair in Information and Computer Ethics at the University of Hertfordshire. He was the founder and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Philosophy Of Information
The philosophy of information (PI) is a branch of philosophy that studies topics relevant to information processing, representational system and consciousness, cognitive science, computer science, information science and information technology. It includes: # the critical investigation of the conceptual nature and basic principles of information, including its dynamics, utilisation and sciences # the elaboration and application of information-theoretic and computational methodologies to philosophical problems. History The philosophy of information (PI) has evolved from the philosophy of artificial intelligence, logic of information, cybernetics, social theory, ethics and the study of language and information. Logic of information The logic of information, also known as the ''logical theory of information'', considers the information content of logical signs and expressions along the lines initially developed by Charles Sanders Peirce. Cybernetics One source for the philosophy ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Philosophy Of Information
The philosophy of information (PI) is a branch of philosophy that studies topics relevant to information processing, representational system and consciousness, cognitive science, computer science, information science and information technology. It includes: # the critical investigation of the conceptual nature and basic principles of information, including its dynamics, utilisation and sciences # the elaboration and application of information-theoretic and computational methodologies to philosophical problems. History The philosophy of information (PI) has evolved from the philosophy of artificial intelligence, logic of information, cybernetics, social theory, ethics and the study of language and information. Logic of information The logic of information, also known as the ''logical theory of information'', considers the information content of logical signs and expressions along the lines initially developed by Charles Sanders Peirce. Cybernetics One source for the philosophy ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Infosphere
Infosphere (''information'' + -''sphere''), analogous to a biosphere, is a metaphysical realm of information, data, knowledge, and communication, populated by informational entities called ''inforgs'' (or, ''informational organisms''). Though one example is cyberspace, infospheres are not limited to purely online environments; they can include both offline and analogue information. History The first documented use of the ''infosphere'' was in 1970 by Kenneth E. Boulding, who viewed it as one among the six "spheres" in his own system (the others being the sociosphere, biosphere, hydrosphere, lithosphere, and atmosphere). Boulding claimed: e infosphere...consists of inputs and outputs of conversation, books, television, radio, speeches, church services, classes, and lectures as well as information received from the physical world by personal observation.... It is clearly a segment of the sociosphere in its own right, and indeed it has considerable claim to dominate the other segme ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Computer Ethics
Computer ethics is a part of practical philosophy concerned with how computing professionals should make decisions regarding professional and social conduct. Margaret Anne Pierce, a professor in the Department of Mathematics and Computers at Georgia Southern University has categorized the ethical decisions related to computer technology and usage into three primary influences: # The individual's own personal _code.html" ;"title="thical/nowiki> code">thical/nowiki> code. # Any informal code of ethical conduct that exists in the work place. # Exposure to formal codes of ethics. Foundation Computer ethics was first coined by Walter Maner, a professor at Bowling Green State University. Maner noticed ethical concerns that were brought up during his Medical Ethics course at Old Dominion University became more complex and difficult when the use of technology and computers became involved. The conceptual foundations of computer ethics are investigated by information ethics, a branch ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Digital Ethics
Information ethics has been defined as "the branch of ethics that focuses on the relationship between the creation, organization, dissemination, and use of information, and the ethical standards and moral codes governing human conduct in society". It examines the morality that comes from information as a resource, a product, or as a target. It provides a critical framework for considering moral issues concerning informational privacy, moral agency (e.g. whether artificial agents may be moral), new environmental issues (especially how agents should behave in the infosphere), problems arising from the life-cycle (creation, collection, recording, distribution, processing, etc.) of information (especially ownership and copyright, digital divide, and digital rights). It is very vital to understand that librarians, archivists, information professionals among others, really understand the importance of knowing how to disseminate proper information as well as being responsible with their acti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sextus Empiricus
Sextus Empiricus ( grc-gre, Σέξτος Ἐμπειρικός, ; ) was a Ancient Greece, Greek Pyrrhonism, Pyrrhonist philosopher and Empiric school physician. His philosophical works are the most complete surviving account of ancient Greek and Roman Pyrrhonism, and because of the arguments they contain against the other Hellenistic philosophy, Hellenistic philosophies, they are also a major source of information about those philosophies. In his medical work, as reflected by his name, tradition maintains that he belonged to the Empiric school in which Pyrrhonism was popular. However, at least twice in his writings, Sextus seems to place himself closer to the Methodic school. Little is known about Sextus Empiricus. He likely lived in Alexandria, Rome, or Athens. The ''Suda,'' a 10th-century Byzantine encyclopedia, states that he was the same person as Sextus of Chaeronea, as do other pre-modern sources, but this identification is commonly doubted. Writings Diogenes Laërtius ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Information Ethics
Information ethics has been defined as "the branch of ethics that focuses on the relationship between the creation, organization, dissemination, and use of information, and the ethical standards and moral codes governing human conduct in society". It examines the morality that comes from information as a resource, a product, or as a target. It provides a critical framework for considering moral issues concerning informational privacy, moral agency (e.g. whether artificial agents may be moral), new environmental issues (especially how agents should behave in the infosphere), problems arising from the life-cycle (creation, collection, recording, distribution, processing, etc.) of information (especially ownership and copyright, digital divide, and digital rights). It is very vital to understand that librarians, archivists, information professionals among others, really understand the importance of knowing how to disseminate proper information as well as being responsible with their acti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abstraction (computer Science)
In software engineering and computer science, abstraction is: * The process of removing or generalizing physical, spatial, or temporal details or attributes in the study of objects or systems to focus attention on details of greater importance; it is similar in nature to the process of generalization; * the creation of abstract concept-objects by mirroring common features or attributes of various non-abstract objects or systems of study – the result of the process of abstraction. Abstraction, in general, is a fundamental concept in computer science and software development. The process of abstraction can also be referred to as modeling and is closely related to the concepts of ''theory'' and ''design''. Models can also be considered types of abstractions per their generalization of aspects of reality. Abstraction in computer science is closely related to abstraction in mathematics due to their common focus on building abstractions as objects, but is also related to other n ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Barwise Prize
The K. Jon Barwise Prize (known as the Barwise Prize) was established in 2002 by the American Philosophical Association (APA), in conjunction with the APA Committee on Philosophy and Computers, on the basis of a proposal from the International Association for Computing and Philosophy for significant and sustained contributions to areas relevant to philosophy and computing. The Prize is awarded annually, by the APA Committee on Philosophy and Computers. It serves to credit philosophers for their lifelong efforts in this field. It also serves to acknowledge and to encourage work in all areas relevant to the computational and informational turn in philosophy. Examples of areas that are of interest to the committee in selecting candidates for this prize include: the use of computers in the teaching of philosophy; the philosophical aspects of artificial intelligence; and the area of computer ethics. The committee selected the name of Jon Barwise for this prize because his life's work ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Covey Award
{{use mdy dates, date=September 2013 The Covey Award was established in 2008 by the International Association for Computing and Philosophy, to recognise "accomplished innovative research, and possibly teaching that flows from that research, in the field of computing and philosophy broadly conceived" The award is assigned annually, by the association's Executive Committee. It is meant for senior researchers, while the "Goldberg Graduate Award" is meant to recognise the achievements of graduate students. Examples of areas that are of interest to the committee in selecting candidates for the Covey Award include: computational philosophy, the philosophy of artificial intelligence, information and computer ethics and the philosophy of information. The association selected the name of Preston Covey for this award because his life's work exemplified a philosophical concern with computer-related research and teaching. Winners Recipients include: *2009: Edward N. Zalta (Stanford Universi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Weizenbaum Award
The Weizenbaum Award was established in 2008 by thInternational Society for Ethics and Information Technology(INSEIT). It is given every two years by INSEIT's adjudication committee to an individual who has “made a significant contribution to the field of information and computer ethics, through his or her research, service, and vision.” It is officially named the 'INSEIT/ Joseph Weizenbaum Award in Information and Computer Ethics', "in recognition of Joseph Weizenbaum’s groundbreaking and highly influential work in computer ethics in the 1970s, which helped to shape the field as we know it today". Winners The Award has been won by: *2022: Philip Brey, to be awarded in CEPE 2023 in Chicago *2020: Rafael Capurro, awarded in CEPE/IACAP 2021, Hamburg *2019: Herman Tavani, awarded in CEPE 2019, in Norfolk Virginia *2017: James Moor, in CEPE ETHICOMP 2017 *2015: Deborah Johnson *2013: Luciano Floridi *2011: Keith W. Miller *2010: Donald Gotterbarn *2009: Terrell Ward Bynu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Michael Dummett
Sir Michael Anthony Eardley Dummett (27 June 1925 – 27 December 2011) was an English academic described as "among the most significant British philosophers of the last century and a leading campaigner for racial tolerance and equality." He was, until 1992, Wykeham Professor of Logic at the University of Oxford. He wrote on the history of analytic philosophy, notably as an interpreter of Frege, and made original contributions particularly in the philosophies of mathematics, logic, language and metaphysics. He was known for his work on truth and meaning and their implications to debates between realism and anti-realism, a term he helped to popularize. He devised the Quota Borda system of proportional voting, based on the Borda count. In mathematical logic, he developed an intermediate logic, already studied by Kurt Gödel: the Gödel–Dummett logic. Education and army service Born 27 June 1925, Dummett was the son of George Herbert Dummett (1880–1970), a silk merchant, and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |