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Fillomino
Fillomino (フィルオミノ) is a type of logic puzzle published by many publishers. Other published titles for the puzzle include ''Allied Occupation''. Rules ''Fillomino'' is played on a rectangular grid with no standard size; the internal grid lines are often dotted. (When published as ''Allied Occupation'' in the World Puzzle Championship, the cells of the grid are circular, but this is purely an aesthetic concern.) Some cells of the grid start containing numbers, referred to as "givens". The goal is to divide the grid into regions called polyominoes (by filling in their boundaries) such that each given number ''n'' in the grid satisfies the following constraints: * Each clue ''n'' is part of a polyomino of size n; * no two polyominoes of matching size (number of cells) are orthogonally adjacent (share a side). It is possible for two givens with matching number to belong to the same polyomino in the solution, and for a polyomino to have no given at all. Solution metho ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
World Puzzle Championship
The World Puzzle Championship (commonly abbreviated as WPC) is an annual international puzzle competition run by the World Puzzle Federation. All the puzzles in the competition are pure-logic problems based on simple principles, designed to be playable regardless of language or culture. National teams are determined by local affiliates of the World Puzzle Federation. Of the 26 championships (team category) held thus far, 14 have been won by the United States, 7 by Germany, 3 by the Czech Republic, and 2 by Japan. The most successful individual contestant is Ulrich Voigt (Germany) with 11 titles since 2000. The latest WPC was held in October 2019 in Germany. Origin The World Puzzle Championship was the brainchild of Levi Summers, who wanted to create an event where puzzlers from different countries could compete on an even playing field. Previously, the International Crossword Marathon was the major international competition for puzzle-solving, and Shortz had attended it every ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nikoli (publisher)
is a Japanese publisher that specializes in games and, especially, logic puzzles. ''Nikoli'' is also the nickname of a quarterly magazine (whose full name is ''Puzzle Communication Nikoli'') issued by the company in Tokyo. ''Nikoli'' was established in 1980 and became prominent worldwide with the popularity of ''Sudoku''. The name "Nikoli" comes from the racehorse who won the Irish 2,000 Guineas in 1980; the founder of Nikoli, Maki Kaji, was fond of horseracing and betting. Nikoli's claim to fame is its vast library of "culture independent" puzzles. An example of a language/culture-dependent genre of puzzle would be the crossword, which relies on a specific language and alphabet. For this reason Nikoli's puzzles are often purely logical, and often numerical. Nikoli's Sudoku, the most popular logic problem in Japan, was popularized in the English-speaking world in 2005, though that game has a history stretching back hundreds of years and across the globe. The magazine has invente ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Solved 9x9 Fillomino
Solved may refer to: * Solved (TV series) * ''Solved'' (album), an album by MC Frontalot *Solved (EP), an EP by Svoy *solved game See also *Solution (other) *Resolution (other) Resolution(s) may refer to: Common meanings * Resolution (debate), the statement which is debated in policy debate * Resolution (law), a written motion adopted by a deliberative body * New Year's resolution, a commitment that an individual mak ... * Unsolved (other) {{disambig ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Logic Puzzle
A logic puzzle is a puzzle deriving from the mathematics, mathematical field of deductive reasoning, deduction. History The logic puzzle was first produced by Charles Lutwidge Dodgson, who is better known under his pen name Lewis Carroll, the author of ''Alice's Adventures in Wonderland''. In his book ''The Game of Logic'' he introduced a game to solve problems such as confirming the conclusion "Some greyhounds are not fat" from the statements "No fat creatures run well" and "Some greyhounds run well". Puzzles like this, where we are given a list of premises and asked what can be deduced from them, are known as syllogisms. Dodgson goes on to construct much more complex puzzles consisting of up to 8 premises. In the second half of the 20th century mathematician Raymond Smullyan, Raymond M. Smullyan continued and expanded the branch of logic puzzles with books such as ''The Lady or the Tiger?'', ''To Mock a Mockingbird'' and ''Alice in Puzzle-Land''. He popularized the "knights an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Polyomino
A polyomino is a plane geometric figure formed by joining one or more equal squares edge to edge. It is a polyform whose cells are squares. It may be regarded as a finite subset of the regular square tiling. Polyominoes have been used in popular puzzles since at least 1907, and the enumeration of pentominoes is dated to antiquity. Many results with the pieces of 1 to 6 squares were first published in ''Fairy Chess Review'' between the years 1937 to 1957, under the name of "dissection problems." The name ''polyomino'' was invented by Solomon W. Golomb in 1953, and it was popularized by Martin Gardner in a November 1960 "Mathematical Games" column in ''Scientific American''. Related to polyominoes are polyiamonds, formed from equilateral triangles; polyhexes, formed from regular hexagons; and other plane polyforms. Polyominoes have been generalized to higher dimensions by joining cubes to form polycubes, or hypercubes to form polyhypercubes. In statistical physics, the study ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Monomino
A polyomino is a plane geometric figure formed by joining one or more equal squares edge to edge. It is a polyform whose cells are squares. It may be regarded as a finite subset of the regular square tiling. Polyominoes have been used in popular puzzles since at least 1907, and the enumeration of pentominoes is dated to antiquity. Many results with the pieces of 1 to 6 squares were first published in ''Fairy Chess Review'' between the years 1937 to 1957, under the name of "dissection problems." The name ''polyomino'' was invented by Solomon W. Golomb in 1953, and it was popularized by Martin Gardner in a November 1960 "Mathematical Games" column in ''Scientific American''. Related to polyominoes are polyiamonds, formed from equilateral triangles; polyhexes, formed from regular hexagons; and other plane polyforms. Polyominoes have been generalized to higher dimensions by joining cubes to form polycubes, or hypercubes to form polyhypercubes. In statistical physics, the study ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Orthogonal
In mathematics, orthogonality is the generalization of the geometric notion of ''perpendicularity''. By extension, orthogonality is also used to refer to the separation of specific features of a system. The term also has specialized meanings in other fields including art and chemistry. Etymology The word comes from the Ancient Greek ('), meaning "upright", and ('), meaning "angle". The Ancient Greek (') and Classical Latin ' originally denoted a rectangle. Later, they came to mean a right triangle. In the 12th century, the post-classical Latin word ''orthogonalis'' came to mean a right angle or something related to a right angle. Mathematics Physics * In optics, polarization states are said to be orthogonal when they propagate independently of each other, as in vertical and horizontal linear polarization or right- and left-handed circular polarization. * In special relativity, a time axis determined by a rapidity of motion is hyperbolic-orthogonal to a space axis of s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hexagonal Grid
In geometry, the hexagonal tiling or hexagonal tessellation is a regular tiling of the Euclidean plane, in which exactly three hexagons meet at each vertex. It has Schläfli symbol of or (as a truncated triangular tiling). English mathematician John Conway called it a hextille. The internal angle of the hexagon is 120 degrees, so three hexagons at a point make a full 360 degrees. It is one of three regular tilings of the plane. The other two are the triangular tiling and the square tiling. Applications The hexagonal tiling is the densest way to arrange circles in two dimensions. The honeycomb conjecture states that the hexagonal tiling is the best way to divide a surface into regions of equal area with the least total perimeter. The optimal three-dimensional structure for making honeycomb (or rather, soap bubbles) was investigated by Lord Kelvin, who believed that the Kelvin structure (or body-centered cubic lattice) is optimal. However, the less regular Weaire–Phelan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Polyhex (mathematics)
In recreational mathematics, a polyhex is a polyform with a regular hexagon (or 'hex' for short) as the base form, constructed by joining together 1 or more hexagons. Specific forms are named by their number of hexagons: ''monohex'', ''dihex'', ''trihex'', ''tetrahex'', etc. They were named by David Klarner who investigated them. Each individual polyhex tile and tessellation polyhexes and can be drawn on a regular hexagonal tiling. Construction rules The rules for joining hexagons together may vary. Generally, however, the following rules apply: #Two hexagons may be joined only along a common edge, and must share the entirety of that edge. #No two hexagons may overlap. #A polyhex must be connected. Configurations of disconnected basic polygons do not qualify as polyhexes. #The mirror image of an asymmetric polyhex is not considered a distinct polyhex (polyhex are "double sided"). Tessellation properties All of the polyhexes with fewer than five hexagons can form at least on ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
