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Festina Affair
The Festina affair was a series of doping scandals within the sport of professional cycling that occurred during and after the 1998 Tour de France. The affair began when a large haul of doping products was found in a support car belonging to the Festina cycling team just before the start of the race. A resulting investigation revealed systematic doping involving many teams in the Tour de France. Hotels where teams were staying were raided and searched by police, confessions were made by several retired and current riders, and team personnel were arrested or detained. Several teams withdrew completely from the race. By December 2000, all nine Festina riders had confessed to using erythropoietin (EPO) and other substances during the 1998 Tour de France, and suspended sentences ranging from 5–12 months were handed out to Festina soigneur Willy Voet, Festina manager Bruno Roussel, La Française des Jeux soigneur Jef d'Hont, former Festina soigneur Jean Dalibot, and Festina co ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Neuville-en-Ferrain
Neuville-en-Ferrain () is a commune in the Nord department in northern France. It is part of the Métropole Européenne de Lille. Population Heraldry See also *Communes of the Nord department The following is a list of the 648 communes of the Nord department of the French Republic. The communes cooperate in the following intercommunalities (as of 2020):Neuvilleenferrain French Flanders {{Nord-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Neil Stephens
Neil Stephens (born 1 October 1963 in Canberra) is an Australian former road bicycle racer. He won the Australian national road race title in 1991 and 1994. He is a Tour de France stage winner and is one of the relatively few riders to have completed the three Grand Tours ( Giro d'Italia, Tour de France and Vuelta a España) in a calendar year, as well as being the first Australian to complete the feat. He was involved in the Festina doping scandal in 1998 Tour de France. He claimed that he took EPO but believed he was taking vitamin supplements intravenously. In late 2007, announced that Neil Stephens would be the team's new sport director. Stephens was awarded the Medal of the Order of Australia (OAM) in the 1996 Australia Day Honours for his service to cycling and the Australian Sports Medal in September 2000 in recognition of his Tour de France stage win. Major results ;1986 :1st and Fastest Time Alex Roberts "100" Mile one day Classic Mount Gambier South Australia :1 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
French Franc
The franc (, ; sign: F or Fr), also commonly distinguished as the (FF), was a currency of France. Between 1360 and 1641, it was the name of coins worth 1 livre tournois and it remained in common parlance as a term for this amount of money. It was reintroduced (in decimal form) in 1795. After two centuries of inflation, it was redenominated in 1960, with each (NF) being worth 100 old francs. The NF designation was continued for a few years before the currency returned to being simply the franc. Many French residents, though, continued to quote prices of especially expensive items in terms of the old franc (equivalent to the new centime), up to and even after the introduction of the euro (for coins and banknotes) in 2002. The French franc was a commonly held international reserve currency of reference in the 19th and 20th centuries. Between 1998 and 2002, the conversion of francs to euros was carried out at a rate of 6.55957 francs to 1 euro. History The French Franc tr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Suspended Sentence
A suspended sentence is a sentence on conviction for a criminal offence, the serving of which the court orders to be deferred in order to allow the defendant to perform a period of probation. If the defendant does not break the law during that period and fulfills the particular conditions of the probation, the sentence is usually considered fulfilled. If the defendant commits another offence or breaks the terms of probation, the court can order the sentence to be served, in addition to any sentence for the new offence. Australia In Australia, suspended sentences are commonly imposed in order to alleviate the strain on overcrowded prisons. For example, an individual may be sentenced to a six-month jail term, wholly suspended for six months; if they commit any other offence during that year, the original jail term is immediately applied in addition to any other sentence. As of 1 September, 2014, suspended sentences no longer exist in Victoria, and in its place are community corr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cees Priem
Cees Priem (born 27 October 1950) is a retired Dutch professional road bicycle racer. After his cycling career, Priem became team manager of TVM. He competed in the individual road race and team time trial events at the 1972 Summer Olympics. Major results ;1968 : 2nd De Vlaamse Pijl ;1970 : 1st Ronde van Midden-Zeeland ;1971 : 1st Overall Olympia's Tour : 1st Stages 2, 3 & 6 Tour of Austria : 3rd Ronde van Limburg ;1972 : 1st Overall : 1st Stages 2 ( TTT) & 6 Milk Race : 1st Stage 8 Tour de l'Avenir ;1973 : 1st Ster van Zwolle : 1st Stage 2 Olympia's Tour : 6th Overall Tour du Nord ;1974 : 1st Road race, National Road Championships : 1st Ronde van Gelderland : 1st Stage 2 Tour de Romandie : 5th Nationale Sluitingprijs : 7th Overall Étoile des Espoirs : 8th Kuurne–Brussels–Kuurne ;1975 : 1st Dwars door België : 1st Stage 1a Tour de France : 2nd Ronde van Limburg : 6th Overall Tour of Belgium : 7th Overall Giro di Sardegna : 7th Grand Prix de Fourmies : 9th Paris–Br ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
ONCE-Deutsche Bank
ONCE cycling team, () also known as Liberty Seguros, Liberty Seguros–Würth and in succession in its final year, Astana–Würth and Astana was a Spanish cycling team. It competed in the UCI ProTour circuit. On 25 May 2006, Liberty Mutual ("seguros" means "insurance" in Spanish) pulled out of primary sponsorship due to a doping scandal involving the directeur sportif, Manolo Saiz. On 2 June 2006, the team acquired a primary sponsor named Astana, after the capital of Kazakhstan. Würth was co-sponsor until 3 July 2006, withdrawing at the end of the 2006 Tour de France, in which didn't compet At the end of the season, Astana also withdrew due to the non-participation in the Tour. On 16 December 2006, the UCI withdrew the ProTour licence of Saiz's company, Active Ba [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Française Des Jeux (cycling Team)
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Française des Jeux may refer to: * Française des Jeux (cycling team) *Française des Jeux (lottery) Française des Jeux (FDJ) is the operator of France's national lottery games, and the title sponsor of the FDJ cycling team. The name of the company loosely translates as The French Company of Games. The company was previously owned and operated ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jef D'Hont
Jef is a Dutch-language masculine given name primarily used in Belgium. It is a short form of Jozef/ Josef, used also in Breton. People with the name include: *Jef Billings (born 1945), American figure skating costume designer * Jef Boeke (born 1950s), American geneticist *Jef Bruyninckx (1919–1995), Belgian film actor, editor and director *Jef Caers (born 1970s), Belgian geostatistician *Jef Colruyt (born 1958), Belgian businessman *Jef Delen (born 1976), Belgian footballer * Jef Demuysere (1907–1969), Belgian cyclist *Jef Denyn (1862–1941), Belgian carillon player * Jef Dutilleux (1876–1960), Belgian painter *Jef Elbers (born 1947), Belgian singer, script writer, and political activist *Jef François (1901–1996), Belgian Nazi collaborator *Jef Gaitan (born 1986), Filipino actress *Jef Geeraerts (1930–2015), Belgian writer *Jef Geys (1934-2018), Belgian artist *Jef Gilson (1926–2012), French pianist, arranger, composer and big band leader * Jef Jurion (born 1937), B ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Directeur Sportif
A ''directeur sportif'' ( French for sporting director, although the original French term is often used in English-language media; plural ''directeurs sportifs'') is a person directing a cycling team during a road bicycle racing event. It is seen as the equivalent to a field manager in baseball, or a head coach in football. At professional level, a directeur sportif follows the team in a car and communicates with riders, personnel and race officials by radio. The directeur sportif warns of obstacles or challenging terrain, updates the team on the situation in the race, and provides mechanical help. The car carrying the directeur sportif also usually carries a bicycle mechanic with spare bikes, wheels and parts. It also carries spare water bottles, food and medical equipment. Since the late 1990s, the role has increased, in keeping with better team cohesion, tactics and communication and telemetry equipment. The directeur sportif can have split times, find where riders from o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Soigneur
A cycling team is a group of cyclists who join a team or are acquired and train together to compete in bicycle races whether amateur or professional – and the supporting personnel. Cycling teams are most important in road bicycle racing, which is a team sport, but collaboration between team members is also important in track cycling and cyclo-cross. Composition While riders form the core of a team, a top team also has personnel who support the racing and training. These include *A manager, who oversees the team's commitments, sponsorships, and general operation. * Directeurs sportifs, who travel to races and dictate the racing strategy. In bigger teams they often drive team cars and have radio contact with the riders. *Coaches, who direct the team's training. *Doctors, responsible for riders' well-being and often making sure the riders meet regulations such as those related to doping. *Therapists, who assist the coaches. *Soigneurs, who are assistants responsible for fee ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Willy Voet
Willy or Willie is a masculine, male given name, often a diminutive form of William or Wilhelm, and occasionally a nickname. It may refer to: People Given name or nickname * Willie Aames (born 1960), American actor, television director, and screenwriter * Willie Allen (basketball) (born 1949), American basketball player and director of the Growing Power urban farming program * Willie Allen (racing driver) (born 1980), American racing driver * Willie Anderson (other) * Willie Apiata (born 1972), New Zealand Army soldier, only recipient of the Victoria Cross for New Zealand * Willie (footballer) (born 1993), Brazilian footballer Willie Hortencio Barbosa * Willy Böckl (1893–1975), Austrian world champion figure skater * Willy Bocklant (1941–1985), Belgian road racing cyclist * Willy Bogner, Sr. (1909–1977), German Nordic skier * Willy Bogner, Jr. (born 1942), German fashion designer and alpine skier * Willie Bosket (born 1962), American convicted murderer whose nume ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eric Rijkaert
Eric Rijkaert also written Eric Rijckaert (194327 January 2001) was born in Oostwinkel, Belgium. He was a former Belgian sports physician and worked with the Festina cycling team. He was said to be at the heart of the Festina affair of 1998 that led to the withdrawal of the entire Festina team during the 1998 Tour de France. Rijkaert was the team doctor from 1993 until the Festina affair in 1998. Career Rijkaert was active in cycling when EPO was being introduced to the professional peloton by doctors such as Francesco Conconi and his former assistant Michele Ferrari. Rijkaert was firstly the team doctor of the PDM team from 1986 to 1992. After that he joined the Festina team where he stayed as doctor until the Festina Affair of the 1998 Tour de France. Rijkaert was said to have proposed the use of EPO to some of the riders. Rijkaert was known amongst the riders as "Dr Fiat Punto" after the " Punto" (a small model of Fiat automobile). This name came about in comparison to t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
