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Ferenc Dávid
Ferenc Dávid (also rendered as ''Francis David'' or ''Francis Davidis''; born as Franz David Hertel, c. 1520 – 15 November 1579) was a Unitarian preacher from Transylvania, the founder of the Unitarian Church of Transylvania, and the leading figure of the Nontrinitarian movements during the Protestant Reformation. Studying Catholic theology in Wittenberg and in Frankfurt an der Oder and first as a Catholic priest, later a Lutheran and then a Calvinist bishop in the Principality of Transylvania, he learnt the teachings and practices of the Roman Catholic and the Protestant churches, but later rejected several of them and came to embrace Unitarianism. He disputed the Christian view on the Holy Trinity, believing God to be one and indivisible. Life Early life Ferenc Dávid was born in Kolozsvár, Hungary (present-day Cluj-Napoca, Romania), to a Transylvanian Saxon father (David Hertel, who worked as a tanner) and to a Hungarian mother. The Hertel/Herthel family was an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aladár Körösfői-Kriesch
Aladár Körösfői-Kriesch (29 October 1863 – 16 June 1920) was a Hungarian Art Nouveau painter. He was born in Buda, the son of hydro-biologist and zoologist János Kriesch. He was a co-founder with Sándor Nagy of the Gödöllő Gödöllő (; german: Getterle; sk, Jedľovo) is a town in Pest County, Budapest metropolitan area, Hungary, about northeast from the outskirts of Budapest. Its population is 34,396 according to the 2010 census and is growing rapidly. It can ... Art Colony, which introduced Art Nouveau style (also called Secession) in Hungary. Bibliography * Kovalovszky, Márta: ''A modern magyar festészet remekei: 1896-2003''. Corvina, Budapest, 2005. "Körösfői-Kriesch Aladár" p. 23. ; * Nagy, Sándor: É''letünk Körösfői Kriesch Aladárral'' (Gödöllő, 2005.) Körösfői-Kriesch Aladár - Artportal {{DEFAULTSORT:Korosfoi-Kriesch, Aladar 1863 births 1920 deaths Hungarian painters Art Nouveau painters People from Buda ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Giorgio Biandrata
Giorgio Biandrata or Blandrata (15155 May 1588) was an Italian-born Transylvanian physician and polemicist, who came of the De Biandrate family, powerful from the early part of the 13th century. He was a Unitarian. Biandrata was born at Saluzzo, the youngest son of Bernardino Biandrata. He graduated in arts and medicine at Montpellier in 1533, and specialized in the functional and nervous disorders of women. In 1544 he made his first trip to Transylvania; in 1553 he was with Giovanni Paolo Alciati in the Grisons; in 1557 he spent a year at Geneva, in constant contact with Calvin, who distrusted him. He attended a Jane Stafford, English wife of Count Celso Massimiliano Martinengo, preacher of the Italian church at Geneva, and fostered anti-trinitarian opinions in that church. In 1558 he found it expedient to move to Poland, where he became a leader of the heretical party at the synods of Pińczów (1558) and Książ Wielkopolski (1560 and 1562). His point was the suppression of e ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wawrzyniec Stegmann
Wawrzyniec Stegmann (c. 1610 - c. 1655; Latin name Laurentius Tribander) was a Polish Arian scholar, and the last rector of the Racovian Academy from 1634 to 1638. It has been suggested that the Latin name Tribander for Stegmann was to protect the school, but the pen name A pen name, also called a ''nom de plume'' or a literary double, is a pseudonym (or, in some cases, a variant form of a real name) adopted by an author and printed on the title page or by-line of their works in place of their real name. A pen na ... Tribander is transparent and was used by other members of the Stegmann family.Janusz Tazbir Stanisław Lubieniecki przywódca ariańskiej emigracji -- 1961 p30 "Janusz Tazbir. utwór powstał nieco później. Wawrzyniec Stegmann podpisał go bowiem jako Laurentius Tribander. Pseudonim ten — jak przypuszczają niektórzy historycy — przybrał sobie nieszczęsny rektor po kasacie szkoły, aby uchronić ..." References 1610 births 1655 deaths Polish Unitar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Martin Seidel
Martin Seidelius (Oława fl. 1610–1620) was a Polish Unitarian. Martin Seidel was a refugee from Oława in Silesia, who sided with the Szekler Sabbatarians of the Unitarian movement in Transylvania, which Sozzini characterised as "semi-judaizers". Seidel rejected the Messianic doctrine of the New Testament. In 1611 he published ''Miscellanea; hoc est, Scripta theologica seu tractatus breves de vidersis'' with Jan Niemojewski. In 1618 he recorded the debate on worship of Christ between Fausto Sozzini and Christian Francken Christian Francken ( Gardelegen c.1550 - Rome? after 1610) was a former Jesuit who became an anti-Trinitarian writer. In 1577 Francken left his position as professor of the Jesuit college in Vienna and commenced the publication from Basel and La .... ''Disputatio de adoratione Christi, habita inter F. Socinum & C. Francken'' (246 pages). His ''Origo et fundamenta de religione Christianae'' (post 1680) shows a deist position.Martin Mulsow, Richard Henry ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Andrzej Wiszowaty Jr
Andrzej is the Polish form of the given name Andrew. Notable individuals with the given name Andrzej * Andrzej Bartkowiak (born 1950), Polish film director and cinematographer * Andrzej Bobola, S.J. (1591–1657), Polish saint, missionary and martyr * Andrzej Chyra (born 1964), Polish actor * Andrzej Czarniak (1931–1985), Polish alpine skier * Andrzej Duda (born 1972), Polish 6th president * Andrzej Jajszczyk, Polish scientist * Andrzej Kmicic, fictional protagonist of Henryk Sienkiewicz's novel ''The Deluge'' * Andrzej Kokowski (born 1953), Polish archaeologist * Andrzej Krauze (born 1947), Polish-British cartoonist and illustrator * Andrzej Leder (born 1960), Polish philosopher and psychotherapist * Andrzej Mazurczak (born 1993), Polish basketball player * Andrzej Mleczko (born 1949), Polish illustrator * Andrzej Nowacki (born 1953), Polish artist * Andrzej Paczkowski (born 1938), Polish historian * Sir Andrzej Panufnik (1914–1991), Polish composer * Andrzej Person, Polis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marcin Czechowic
Martin Czechowic (or ''Marcin Czechowic'') (c.1532–1613) was a Polish Socinian (Unitarian) minister, Protestant reformer, theologian and writer. Life Born in Zbąszyń on the German border, Czechowic received a humanistic education in Poznań and at the University of Leipzig (1554). He lived at a time when religious unrest was prevalent in Poland. Numerous religious sects arose, varying from the old Catholicism and the new Reformation to sects which rejected the Trinity and denied the divinity of Jesus. The members of the sect which professed disbelief in the Trinity were called Unitarians, and the most radical among them were called by their opponents "Half Jews" or "semi-judaizers". The religious dissension and constant disputes which arose in consequence led to a number of Jews taking part in these disputations. Conversion to Calvinism Like many of his era, Martin Czechowic's religious life was marked by gradual rather than sudden changes in his religious views. He was ori ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marcello Squarcialupi
Marcello Squarcialupi (Piombino c. 1538-Alba Iulia 1599) was an Italian physician, astronomer, and Protestant exile in Basel, then a Unitarian exile in Transylvania.The Italian reformers and the Zurich church, c. 1540-1620 Mark Taplin - 2003 " 161 Among the emigrants were Mino Celsi and Marcello Squarcialupi, both of whom left Piuro for Basle towards the end of 1571. On Squarcialupi, see C. Madonia, 'Marcello Squarcialupi tra Poschiavo e Alba Iulia: note biografiche', " His works included ''De cometis dissertationes novae clarissimae'' (''New Clear Essays On Comets'') Basel, 1580. From Poschiavo, 1587, he wrote to the Senate in Alba Iulia Alba Iulia (; german: Karlsburg or ''Carlsburg'', formerly ''Weißenburg''; hu, Gyulafehérvár; la, Apulum) is a city that serves as the seat of Alba County in the west-central part of Romania. Located on the Mureș River in the historical ..., though it is uncertain whether the letter was ever delivered. References {{DEFAULTSORT:Squa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Christian Francken
Christian Francken (Gardelegen c.1550 - Rome? after 1610) was a former Jesuit who became an anti-Trinitarian writer. In 1577 Francken left his position as professor of the Jesuit college in Vienna and commenced the publication from Basel and La Rochelle of many tracts against the order. François Du Jon in 1584 wrote his ''Defensio catholicae doctrinae de s. trinitate personarum in unitate essentiae Dei, adversus Samosatenicos errores'' against Francken. Francken's printer was arrested in Poland. On July 9, 1587, Franken was in Prague and introduced to John Dee. Later, on Oct.13 1592, Dee would show Franken's book of "blasphemie" (Poland 1585) to John Whitgift, the Archbishop of Canterbury, desiring it be confuted. Francken worked alongside Francis David, Johannes Sommer, Jacob Palaeologus as lector at the Unitarian Gymnasium in Cluj (German: Klausenburg, Hungarian: Kolozsvár, Latin: Claudiopolis) in 1585 and between 1589 and 1591. He published two works in Prague in 1595. In 1 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fausto Sozzini
Fausto Paolo Sozzini, also known as Faustus Socinus ( pl, Faust Socyn; 5 December 1539 – 4 March 1604), was an Italian theologian and, alongside his uncle Lelio Sozzini, founder of the Non-trinitarian Christian belief system known as Socinianism. His doctrine was developed among the Polish Brethren in the Polish Reformed Church during the 16th and 17th centuries and embraced by the Unitarian Church of Transylvania during the same period. His 1570 treatise ''De auctoritate scripturae sacrae'' (published in English in 1732, as ''A demonstration of the truth of the Christian religion, from the Latin of Socinius'') was highly influential on Remonstrant thinkers such as Simon Episcopius, who drew on Sozzini's arguments for viewing the scriptures as historical texts. Life Sozzini was born in Siena, the only son of Alessandro Sozzini and Agnese Petrucci, daughter of Borghese Petrucci b.1490, and granddaughter of Pandolfo Petrucci. His father Alessandro Sozzini, oldest of ele ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lelio Sozzini
Lelio Francesco Maria Sozzini, or simply Lelio Sozzini (Latin: ''Laelius Socinus''; 29 January 1525 – 4 May 1562), was an Italian Renaissance humanist and theologian and, alongside his nephew Fausto Sozzini, founder of the Non-trinitarian Christian belief system known as Socinianism. His doctrine was developed among the Polish Brethren in the Polish Reformed Church during the 16th and 17th centuries and embraced by the Unitarian Church of Transylvania during the same period. Life Lelio Sozzini was born at Siena. His family descended from Sozzo, a banker at Percenna (Buonconvento), whose second son, Mino Sozzi, settled as a notary at Siena in 1304. Mino Sozzi's grandson, Sozzino (d. 1403), was the founder of a line of patrician jurists and canonists, Mariano Sozzini the elder (1397–1467) being the first and the most famous, and traditionally regarded as the first freethinker in the family. Lelio (who spelled his surname Sozzini, Latinizing it Socinus) was the sixth son o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Johann Sylvan
Johann Sylvan (died 23 December 1572) was a Reformed German theologian who was executed for his heretical Antitrinitarian beliefs. Origins and early career Johann Sylvan probably came from the Etsch valley in the County of Tyrol. By 1555 he was employed as a preacher by the bishop of Würzburg. In 1559 he fled Würzburg and joined the Lutheran church in Tübingen. In 1560 he became a minister in Calw. Reformed pastor In 1563 he entered the service of the Reformed Elector Frederick III of the Electorate of the Palatinate. During the same year he became pastor and church superintendent of Kaiserslautern. In 1566 Sylvanus took part in a diplomatic mission to the Netherlands. From 1567 Sylvanus became pastor in Ladenburg and was emerging as a prominent figure within the Palatine church. The Palatinate would be rocked by controversy in 1568 on the question of church discipline, and Sylvan along with his friends Thomas Erastus and Adam Neuser emerged as leaders of the anti-disciplinis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Johann Sommer
Johann Sommer ( la, Ioannes Sommerus; 1542–1574) was a Transylvanian Saxon Protestant theologian, poet and Despot Vodă's biographer. Sommer was born in Pirna. In 1562 he enrolled at University of Frankfurt, but did not graduate. Born in Pirna, Sommerus came to Moldavia as secretary to the reforming prince Jacob Heraclides ( Despot Vodă), becoming the main figure in the short-lived College of Cotnari (''Schola Latina'') (1562–1563). After the Prince's death in 1563, Sommer and his other supporters had to flee. Sommer moved to Transylvania and led a similar school in Braşov (the one founded by Johannes Honter, the ''Honterus-Gymnasium'' in Kronstadt), from 1565 to 1567. While he was rector there he wrote the epic ''Reges Hungarici''. He moved on to the John Sigismund Unitarian Academy, Kolosvar (1570–1574). According to the 18th-century historian Johann Seivert, he married the daughter of Ferenc Dávid, and this statement was overtaken by many other sources; however ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
