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FRUD
The Front for the Restoration of Unity and Democracy (french: Front pour la Restauration de l'Unité et de la Démocratie, ar, الجبهة من أجل استعادة الوحدة والديمقراطية) is a political party in Djibouti. It is aligned with the interests of the Afar people who live in that country, although it has supporters residing outside of Djibouti. Formation and rebellion Rebellion against the government Three Afar groups—Action for the Revision of Order in Djibouti, the Front for the Restoration of Right and Equality, and the Djibouti Patriotic Resistance Front—merged in 1991 to form FRUD. In late 1991, FRUD launched a rebellion against the Issa-dominated government. Nearly 1,000 people died during the conflict until 1994. New insurgency (1994-2014) After the rebellion, the FRUD-C (Front pour la restauration de l’unité et de la démocratie – Combattant, or Front for the Restoration of Unity and Democracy – Combatant; alternatively called ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Djiboutian Civil War
The Djiboutian Civil War (also known as the First Afar insurgency) was a conflict in Djibouti, lasting from 1991 to 1994 and resulting in thousands of fatalities. This uneven power sharing between the Issas and Afars led to the Civil War that ravaged the country for three years. Background On 11 March 1862, the French Government made an agreement with the Afar Sultan Raieta Dini Ahmet. Ahmet sold his territory of Obock for 10,000 thalaris, around French franc, F55,000. This was the start of the French colonisation era in the region, the treaty was used by a captain of the Fleuriot de Langle, to colonise the south part of the Gulf of Tadjoura, Tadjoura Gulf. Since at least French rule, first as French Somaliland and then as French Territory of the Afars and the Issas, there have been ethnic tensions in Djibouti between the Issa (clan), Issas, and the Afar people, Afars. Following independence in 1977, the Issas-dominated People's Rally for Progress party had ruled Djibouti, and sin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ali Mohamed Daoud
Ali Mohamed Daoud, also known as Jean-Marie (born 28 August 1950.), is a Djiboutian politician and the President of the Front for the Restoration of Unity and Democracy (FRUD). He is currently a member of the National Assembly of Djibouti. Life and career Daoud is a member of the Afar ethnic group."First FRUD congress held" ''Indian Ocean Newsletter'', 16 April 1997 (''Horn of Africa Monthly Review'', 21 February–28 April 1997). FRUD, fighting on behalf of Afar interests, began a rebellion against the Issa-dominated government in 1991. Daoud led the moderate faction of FRUD in signing a peace agreement with the government in December 1994. As a result of the agreement,''Political Parties of the World'' (6th edition, 2 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ougoure Kifle Ahmed
Ougoureh Kifleh Ahmed (born 18 November 1955 .) is a Djiboutian politician who served in the government of Djibouti as Minister of Defense from 1999 to 2011. He has also served as Secretary-General of the (FRUD). Political career Kifleh Ahmed was born in Dikhil. FRUD, an |
Djibouti
Djibouti, ar, جيبوتي ', french: link=no, Djibouti, so, Jabuuti officially the Republic of Djibouti, is a country in the Horn of Africa, bordered by Somalia to the south, Ethiopia to the southwest, Eritrea in the north, and the Red Sea and the Gulf of Aden to the east. The country has an area of . In antiquity, the territory, together with Ethiopia, Eritrea and Somaliland, was part of the Land of Punt. Nearby Zeila, now in Somaliland, was the seat of the medieval Adal and Ifat Sultanates. In the late 19th century, the colony of French Somaliland was established following treaties signed by the ruling Dir Somali sultans with the French, and its railroad to Dire Dawa (and later Addis Ababa) allowed it to quickly supersede Zeila as the port for southern Ethiopia and the Ogaden. It was renamed the French Territory of the Afars and the Issas in 1967. A decade later, the Djiboutian people voted for independence. This officially marked the establishment of the ''Rep ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ahmed Dini Ahmed
Ahmed Dini Ahmed (1932 – 12 September 2004) ( aa, Acmad Diini Acmad, ar, أحمد ديني أحمد) was a Djiboutian politician. He was trained as a health technician and entered the political realm at age 26. He served as Vice-president of the Representative Council of French Somaliland from April 1959 to June 1960, he was a member of the government of Ali Aref Bourhan in 1962–1964, he then participated in the foundation of the Afar Democratic Union (UDA). He is Minister of Home Affairs until 1971. In 1975, he became spokesman for the new African People's League for Independence (LPAI), led by Hassan Gouled Aptidon and was later Prime Minister of Djibouti from 1977 to 1978. In July 1977, he became Prime Minister of the new Republic of Djibouti. In December, after the bombing of the Palm in Zinc, and the consequent ban on the Movement for the Liberation (MPL), he resigned and returned to the opposition. He led the Front for the Restoration of Unity and Democracy (FRUD), a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
People's Rally For Progress
The People's Rally for Progress ( ar, التجمع الشعبي من أجل التقدم; french: Rassemblement populaire pour le Progrès, RPP) is a political party in Djibouti. It has dominated politics in the country since 1979, initially under the rule of President Hassan Gouled Aptidon. Today it is led by President Ismaïl Omar Guelleh and is in a coalition government with Front for the Restoration of Unity and Democracy (FRUD) and other parties. The RPP tends to hold more influence among the Issa (clan), Issa population. The RPP was founded in Dikhil on March 4, 1979."Récit d’une journée commémorant les 25 ans d’existence du RPP" ''La Nation'' (Djibouti), March 8, 2004 . It was declared the sole legal party in October 1981, retaining this status until multipart ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Djiboutian Parliamentary Election, 1997
Parliamentary elections were held in Djibouti on 19 December 1997. The Front for the Restoration of Unity and Democracy, which had boycotted the last election, ran joint candidates with the ruling People's Rally for Progress. Together, they won all 65 seats in the National Assembly, with the PRP taking 54 and the FRUD 11. Voter turnout was 56.7%. Inter-Parliamentary Union Results References {{Djiboutian elections[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Issa (clan)
The Issa (also Eesah, Esa, Aysa) ( so, Ciise, '', ar, عيسى)'' is a northern Somali clan, a sub-division of the Dir clan family.' Overview As a Dir sub-clan, the Issa have immediate lineal ties with the Gadabuursi, the Surre (Abdalle and Qubeys), the Biimaal (who the Gaadsen also belong to), the Bajimal, the Bursuk, the Madigan Dir, the Gurgura, the Garre (the Quranyow sub-clan to be precise as they claim descent from Dir), Gurre, Gariire, other Dir sub-clans and they have lineal ties with the Hawiye (Irir), Hawadle, Ajuran, Degoodi, Gaalje'el clan groups, who share the same ancestor Samaale.The Quranyo section of the Garre claim descent from Dirr, who are born of the Irrir Samal. UNDP Paper in Kenya http://www.undp.org/content/dam/kenya/docs/Amani%20Papers/AP_Volume1_n2_May2010.pdf For the treaty between the Issa and colonial powers, see "treaties". History The Issa clan has produced numerous noble Somali men and women over the centuries, consisted of a King ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ismaïl Omar Guelleh
Ismaïl Omar Guelleh ( so, Ismaaciil Cumar Geelle ar, إسماعيل عمر جليه) (born 27 November 1947) is the current President of Djibouti. He has been in office since 1999, making him one of the longest-serving rulers in Africa. He is often referred to by his initials, IOG. Guelleh was first elected as President in 1999 as the handpicked successor to his uncle, Hassan Gouled Aptidon, who had ruled Djibouti since independence in 1977. Guelleh was re-elected in 2005, 2011, 2016 and in 2021. The elections were largely boycotted by the opposition amid complaints over widespread irregularities. Guelleh has been characterized as a dictator, and his rule has been criticized by human rights groups and governments, such as the United States.The world's enduring dictators . CBS News. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Djiboutian Parliamentary Election, 2008
Parliamentary elections were held in Djibouti on 8 February 2008."Début du vote avec retard pour les législatives" AFP (Jeuneafrique.com), 8 February 2008. There were 65 candidates running for the 65 seats in the , with all of the candidates coming from the ruling coalition, the Union for the Presidential Majority (UMP)."Djibouti votes amid opposition boycott" AFP (''IOL''), Februa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Assembly (Djibouti)
The National Assembly, formerly known as the Chamber of Deputies, is the unicameral legislative branch of the government of Djibouti. Overview It consists of 65 members – 30 Somali (21 Issa) and 30 Afar – elected to serve five-year terms in multi-seat (4 to 37 each) constituencies. The first free multi-party parliamentary election since independence (1977) was held in 2003, with the ruling coalition, led by the People's Rally for Progress (RPP), receiving 62.7% of the vote. Idriss Arnaoud Ali was President of the National Assembly from 2003 until his death in 2015. He was succeeded by Mohamed Ali Houmed. For its entire existence, the National Assembly has been dominated by the Popular Rally for Progress, which is presently the senior partner in the Union for a Presidential Majority coalition. From 1981 to 1992, the RPP was the sole legal party. Even after opposition parties were legalized in 1992, the RPP won every seat in the legislature. From 1997 onward, it fought ele ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Union For The Presidential Majority (Djibouti)
The Union for the Presidential Majority (french: Union pour la Majorité Présidentielle UMP) is the ruling political coalition in Djibouti. The coalition supports the Presidency of Ismaïl Omar Guelleh. The coalition originally formed to contest the 2003 parliamentary election, and support Guelleh in the 2005 presidential election. The coalition is composed of four parties; the RPP, the FRUD, the PSD PSD may refer to: Educational bodies * Pennsylvania School for the Deaf, a Pre-K to 12th grade school for Deaf and Hard of Hearing students, located in the Germantown section of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania * Philippine School Doha, a Filipino scho ..., and the UPR.http://www.ump.dj/article.php?ID=5 Members Former Members Electoral history Presidential elections National Assembly elections References 2003 establishments in Djibouti Political party alliances in Djibouti Socialism in Djibouti Social democratic parties in Africa {{Djibouti-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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