|
Freedom And People's Rights Movement
The (abbreviated as ) or Popular Rights Movement was a Japanese political and social movement for democracy in the 1880s. It pursued the formation of an elected legislature, revision of the Unequal Treaties with the United States and European countries, the institution of civil rights, and the reduction of centralized taxation. The Movement prompted the Meiji government to establish a constitution in 1889 and a diet in 1890; on the other hand, it failed to loosen the control of the central government and its demand for true democracy remained unfulfilled, with ultimate power continuing to reside in the Meiji (Chōshū–Satsuma) oligarchy because, among other limitations, under the Meiji Constitution, the first election law enfranchised only men who paid a substantial amount in property taxes, as a result of the Land Tax Reform in 1873. Related people * Chiba Takusaburō, author of the " Itsukaichi constitution" (五日市憲法), a draft constitution for the Empire of Japan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Itagaki Taisuke
Count was a Japanese politician. He was a leader of the "Freedom and People's Rights Movement" and founded Japan's first political party, the Liberal Party. Biography Early life Itagaki Taisuke was born into a middle-ranking ''samurai'' family in Tosa Domain, (present day Kōchi Prefecture), After studies in Kōchi and in Edo, he was appointed as ''sobayonin'' (councillor) to Tosa ''daimyō'' Yamauchi Toyoshige, and was in charge of accounts and military matters at the domain's Edo residence in 1861. He disagreed with the domain's official policy of '' kōbu gattai'' (reconciliation between the Imperial Court and the Tokugawa shogunate), and in 1867–1868, he met with Saigō Takamori of the Satsuma Domain, and agreed to pledge Tosa's forces in the effort to overthrow the ''shōgun'' in the upcoming Meiji Restoration. During the Boshin War, he emerged as the principal political figure from Tosa domain as a leader of the Jinshotai assault force, and claimed a place in the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Inoue Kaoru
Marquess Inoue Kaoru (井上 馨, January 16, 1836 – September 1, 1915) was a Japanese politician and a prominent member of the Meiji oligarchy during the Meiji period of the Empire of Japan. As one of the senior statesmen (''Genrō'') in Japan during that period, he had a tremendous influence on the selection of the nation's leaders and formation of its policies. Early years Born Yakichi (勇吉) to a lower-ranked ''samurai'' family in Yuda, Chōshū domain (present day Yamaguchi, Yamaguchi Prefecture), Inoue attended the ''Meirinkan'' domain school with his brother Ikutarō (幾太郎). He was a close boyhood friend of Itō Hirobumi who later became Japan's first prime minister, and he played an active part in the ''sonnō jōi'' movement. In 1858, he studied ''rangaku'', artillery and swordsmanship in Edo. In the Bakumatsu period, Inoue emerged as a leader of the anti-foreigner movement in his native Chōshū. Desiring to rid Japan of foreigners, he and Takasugi Shinsa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Saionji Kinmochi
Prince was a Japanese politician and statesman who served as Prime Minister of Japan from 1906 to 1908 and from 1911 to 1912. He was elevated from marquis to prince in 1920. As the last surviving member of Japan's ''genrō,'' he was the most influential voice in Japanese politics from the mid-1920s to the early 1930s. Early life Kinmochi was born in Kyoto as the son of Udaijin Tokudaiji Kin'ito (1821–1883), head of a ''kuge'' family of court nobility. He was adopted by another ''kuge'' family, the Saionji, in 1851. However, he grew up near his biological parents, since both the Tokudaiji and Saionji lived very near the Kyoto Imperial Palace. The young Saionji Kinmochi was frequently ordered to visit the palace as a playmate of the young prince who later became Emperor Meiji. Over time they became close friends. Kinmochi's biological brother Tokudaiji Sanetsune later became the Grand Chamberlain of Japan. Another younger brother was adopted into the very wealthy Sumitomo famil ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Enka
is a Japanese music genre considered to resemble traditional Japanese music stylistically. Modern ''enka'', however, is a relatively recent musical form, which adopts a more traditional musical style in its vocalism than ''ryūkōka'' music, popular during the prewar years. Modern ''enka'', as developed in the postwar era, is a form of sentimental ballad music. Some of the first modern ''enka'' singers were Hachiro Kasuga, Michiya Mihashi, and Hideo Murata. The revival of ''enka'' in its modern form is said to date from 1969, when Keiko Fuji made her debut. The most famous male ''enka'' singers are Shinichi Mori and Kiyoshi Hikawa. Etymology The term ''enka'' was first used to refer to political texts set to music which were sung and distributed by opposition activists belonging to the Freedom and People's Rights Movement during the Meiji period (1868–1912) as a means of bypassing government curbs on speeches of political dissent – and in this sense the word is derived ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Soeda Azenbō , Japan
{{dab ...
Soeda ( ja, 添田) may refer to: People * Go Soeda (born 1984), Japanese tennis player * Takashi Soedaborn 1993), Japanese football player Places * Soeda, Fukuoka is a town located in Tagawa District, Fukuoka Prefecture, Japan. As of 2016, the town has an estimated population of 9,802 and a density of 74 persons per km². The total area is 132.10 km². Geography Climate Soeda has a humid subtropical ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ueki Emori
was a Japanese revolutionary democrat active in the Freedom and People's Rights Movement and one of the founders of the , which was a political party and joined the League for the Establishment of a National Assembly. Ueki was the son of a middle-ranking samurai from Tosa. Inspired by Itagaki Taisuke, he became involved in the Jiyūtō. In 1875, he was thrown in jail under the for writing an article critical of the government. Upon release he wrote an article "Freedom is worth purchasing with one's own blood". In 1881 he wrote ''A Private Draft of the Japanese Constitution'', which gave provision for the overthrow of oppressive government. In 1882 Ueki visited Fukushima in August and September at the invitation of the Fukushima Jiyūtō branch to help set up the local party newspaper ''Fukushima Jiyū Shimbun'', before returning to Tokyo to replace Baba Tatsui was a Japanese legislative reformer during the Meiji period. Early life Baba was born in Kochi in Japan to a s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tokutomi Sohō
was the pen name of a journalist and historian active from late Meiji period through mid-Shōwa period Japan. Named Tokutomi Iichirō at birth, he was the older brother of noted author, Tokutomi Roka. Biography Sohō was born in Minamata, Higo Province (now Kumamoto prefecture), into a samurai family just before the Meiji Restoration. He studied '' Eigaku'' (study of the English language as a means to acquire Western knowledge, especially after the end of Japan's period of isolation) at the ''Kumamoto Yogakko'', and later at the ''Doshisha'' (subsequently Doshisha University) in Kyoto. He left school without graduating, but later wrote of his gratitude to the school's principal, Joseph Hardy Neesima. Following a period back in Kumamoto, where he started a local newspaper, Sohō moved to Tokyo. In 1887, he established the Min'yūsha publishing company, which printed Japan's first general news magazine, the ''Kokumin no Tomo'' ("The People's Friend") from 1887 to 1898. This maga ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yamaji Motoharu
Viscount , was a lieutenant general in the early Imperial Japanese Army during the First Sino-Japanese War. Biography Early career Yamaji was born in Tosa Domain (present day Kōchi Prefecture) in what is now part of the city of Kōchi, where his father was an upper-ranked samurai in the service of the Yamauchi clan. At the age of 13, he lost sight in one of his eyes, but notwithstanding his disability, he was appointed a company commander of the '' Jinshotai'', a Tosa-Domain shock force, during the Boshin War of the Meiji Restoration, participating in the Battle of Toba–Fushimi, and in subsequent campaigns in northern Japan against the pro-Tokugawa Ōuetsu Reppan Dōmei. During the course of the conflict, he was promoted to company commander, and awarded a stipend of 150 '' koku''. After the war, Yamaji went to Tokyo, and was appointed by the Meiji government as a lieutenant colonel in the fledgling Imperial Japanese Army. During the ''Seikanron'' debate, he supported ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Soejima Taneomi
Count was a diplomat and statesman during early Meiji period Japan. Life and career Soejima was born into a ''samurai'' family in Saga, in Hizen Province (present-day Saga Prefecture). His father was a teacher in the domain's school and a scholar of National Learning (''kokugaku''). In 1866, Soejima was sent to Nagasaki by the domain leaders to study the English language. There he studied under Guido Verbeck, a Dutch missionary, giving special attention to the United States Constitution and the New Testament. During the Boshin War he was a military leader of the Saga forces committed to the overthrow of the Tokugawa bakufu. After the Meiji Restoration, Soejima became a junior councilor ''(san'yo)'' and assisted Fukuoka Takachika in drafting the structure of the provisional Meiji government in 1868. While most of Japan's government was on its around-the-world tour of the United States and Europe on the Iwakura Mission, Soejima served as interim Foreign Minister. During his term ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shimizu Shikin
Shimizu Shikin ( ja, 清水紫琴; 1868–1933), pen name of Shimizu Toyoko, was a Japanese novelist and women's rights activist of the Meiji period in Japan. A lecturer on equality and social issues, she was forced to turn to writing when the law changed to bar women from political assembly. She became one of the first women professional journalists in Japan. Biography Shimizu Toyoko ( ja, 清水豊子) was born on 11 January 1868 in Bizen, Okayama, Japan to Shimizu Sadamoto. Most of her childhood was spent in Kyoto, where her father worked as a government bureaucrat. She graduated from Kyoto Municipal Women’s Teacher Training School at the age of fourteen and was considered highly educated in a society which still believed education beyond primary school for women was not worthwhile. Unable to continue her education, Shimizu made use of her father’s library which contained western literary classics as well as works by Japanese intellectuals. In 1885, she married Okazaki Masah ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ōkuma Shigenobu
Marquess was a Japanese statesman and a prominent member of the Meiji oligarchy. He served as Prime Minister of the Empire of Japan in 1898 and from 1914 to 1916. Ōkuma was also an early advocate of Western science and culture in Japan, and founder of Waseda University. He is considered a centrist. Early life Ōkuma was born Hachitarō on March 11, 1838, in Saga, Hizen Province (modern day Saga Prefecture). He was the first son of a samurai-class artillery officer of the Saga Domain. During his early years, his education consisted mainly of the study of Confucian literature and ''Hagakure'', which was written by a countryman samurai. However, he left school in 1853 to move to a Dutch studies institution.Borton, p. 91. The Dutch school was merged with the provincial school in 1861, and Ōkuma took up a lecturing position there shortly afterward. Ōkuma sympathized with the ''sonnō jōi'' movement, which aimed at expelling the Europeans who had started to arrive in Japan. H ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nakae Chōmin
was the pen-name of a journalist, political theorist and statesman in Meiji-period Japan. His real name was . His major contribution was the popularization of the egalitarian doctrines of the French philosopher Jean-Jacques Rousseau in Japan. As a result, Nakae is thought to have been a major force in the development of liberalism in early Japanese politics. Biography Nakae was born in Kōchi, Tosa Domain (present day Kōchi Prefecture). His father was an ''ashigaru'', or lower ranking foot soldier in the service of the Yamauchi clan of Tosa. Having displayed an early aptitude for Western learning, after studies at the domain academy, Nakae was selected to study French and Dutch at Nagasaki and Edo. Later, he worked as a translator for the French minister to Japan, Léon Roches. After the Meiji Restoration, he was selected as a member of the Iwakura Mission and travelled abroad (under the patronage of the Justice Ministry) to study philosophy, history, and French literat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
