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Freedom Monument, Bydgoszcz
Freedom Monument ( pl, Pomnik Wolności) is a monument in Bydgoszcz commemorating both the fallen Soviet and Polish soldiers who fought during the liberation of the city in January 1945, and the return of Bydgoszcz to Poland on 20 January 1920. The monument has a shape of an obelisk. At the base is a plaque with the inscription: "'Libera Civitas Bydgostiensis'" (City of Bydgoszcz Free). On the front wall of the monument are reliefs and plaques, and on other walls, among others, stands tombstone commemorating eleven Soviet soldiers killed . History Shortly after Nazis withdrew from Bydgoszcz in January 1945, corpses of soldiers killed in the fighting for the city needed a place to be buried. Those men from the Red Army were led by colonel Grigorij Bolszanin. The place of the burial was located near the spot where until 1919 stood the statue of Emperor William I on his horse. An earthen mound covered the tombstone, then the Interim Municipal Government decided to celebrate here ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bydgoszcz
Bydgoszcz ( , , ; german: Bromberg) is a city in northern Poland, straddling the meeting of the River Vistula with its left-bank tributary, the Brda. With a city population of 339,053 as of December 2021 and an urban agglomeration with more than 470,000 inhabitants, Bydgoszcz is the eighth-largest city in Poland. It is the seat of Bydgoszcz County and the co-capital, with Toruń, of the Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship. The city is part of the Bydgoszcz–Toruń metropolitan area, which totals over 850,000 inhabitants. Bydgoszcz is the seat of Casimir the Great University, University of Technology and Life Sciences and a conservatory, as well as the Medical College of Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń. It also hosts the Pomeranian Philharmonic concert hall, the Opera Nova opera house, and Bydgoszcz Airport. Being between the Vistula and Oder (Odra in Polish) rivers, and by the Bydgoszcz Canal, the city is connected via the Noteć, Warta, Elbe and German canals with t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1945 Establishments In Poland
1945 marked the end of World War II and the fall of Nazi Germany and the Empire of Japan. It is also the only year in which nuclear weapons have been used in combat. Events Below, the events of World War II have the "WWII" prefix. January * January 1 – WWII: ** Germany begins Operation Bodenplatte, an attempt by the ''Luftwaffe'' to cripple Allied air forces in the Low Countries. ** Chenogne massacre: German prisoners are allegedly killed by American forces near the village of Chenogne, Belgium. * January 6 – WWII: A German offensive recaptures Esztergom, Hungary from the Russians. * January 12 – WWII: The Soviet Union begins the Vistula–Oder Offensive in Eastern Europe, against the German Army. * January 13 – WWII: The Soviet Union begins the East Prussian Offensive, to eliminate German forces in East Prussia. * January 16 – WWII: Adolf Hitler takes residence in the '' Führerbunker'' in Berlin. * January 17 ** WWII: The Soviet Union occupies Warsa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tenement At Freedom Square 1, Bydgoszcz
Tenement Freedom Square 1 is an historic house of Bydgoszcz. It is often displayed on postcards as one of the turn of the century iconic building in Bydgoszcz. The architect, Józef Święcicki, is also the builder of the Hotel "Pod Orlem" in Bydgoszcz, "Pod Orłem" hotel (Under the Eagle), the oldest hotel in downtown Bydgoszcz. The building is located on the east side of Gdańska Street, Bydgoszcz, Gdańska Street, on the corner of Freedom Square in Bydgoszcz, Plac Wolności. History The piece of land on which the house stands, was already built in 1850. The building facing Gdańska Street was devoted to residential purposes, whereas the one giving onto Freedom Square in Bydgoszcz, Plac Wolności was used for business purposes. The property belonged from 1855 to 1876, to the widow of Fryderyki Götz, a teacher, then to another teacher, Carl Wolff; in 1895, his son, aka Captain Ernst Wolff, inherited the building. The new owner sold part of the property (at 5 Freedom Square, By ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Casimir The Great Park
Casimir the Great Park is the oldest park in Bydgoszcz, Poland, covering an area of 2.24 ha. The park is located in a central part of downtown Bydgoszcz, bordered by Gdańska Street, Konarski Street, Jagiellońska street and Freedom Square. Its area represents a rectangle of 100m by 200m. History Park Casimir the Great is a fragment of the much larger park of the Order of Saint Clare in Bydgoszcz dating back to the first half of the 17th century. Sisters of Poor Clares came to Bydgoszcz in 1615, and after the construction of the monastery (now one of the city museum buildings), the adjacent garden was created and organized. It can be accessed today through an alley at 3 May Street 3: its surface is approximately 3.5 hectares. The original garden was not only ornamental, but also practical: a fish pond, a kitchen garden, an orchard with medicinal plants were part of it. After secularization of the order by the Prussian authorities, the garden belonged to the regional ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
St Peter's And St Paul's Church, Bydgoszcz
The Church of the Holy Apostles Peter and Paul in Bydgoszcz is located in Bydgoszcz, Poland, on Freedom Square in Bydgoszcz, Wolności Square. Patron saints are Saint Peter and Paul the Apostle, Saint Paul. The church, richly decorated with polychrome has been realized in 1957 by Władysław Drapiewski from Pelplin and Leon Drapniewski of Poznań; it has been registered on the Pomeranian Heritage List on 5 October 1971.Rejestr zabytków nieruchomych – województwo kujawsko-pomorskie (31 December 2014) issued 2010-10-12. Register: Nr.601237-Reg.A/751. History The church was built between 1872 and 1878, even though reference is made in the porch as 1876 as the date of completion of the construction. It was designed by Friedrich Wilhelm Adler for the purpose of the United and uniting churches, Lutheran rite and initially dedicated to Paul the Apostle, Saint Paul. Adler was the son of an influential couple of Bydgoszcz, Bromberg who owned the house at 4 Jezuicka Street in Bydgo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Second Polish Republic
The Second Polish Republic, at the time officially known as the Republic of Poland, was a country in Central Europe, Central and Eastern Europe that existed between 1918 and 1939. The state was established on 6 November 1918, before the end of the First World War. The Second Republic ceased to exist in 1939, when Invasion of Poland, Poland was invaded by Nazi Germany, the Soviet Union and the Slovak Republic (1939–1945), Slovak Republic, marking the beginning of the European theatre of World War II, European theatre of the Second World War. In 1938, the Second Republic was the sixth largest country in Europe. According to the Polish census of 1921, 1921 census, the number of inhabitants was 27.2 million. By 1939, just before the outbreak of World War II, this had grown to an estimated 35.1 million. Almost a third of the population came from minority groups: 13.9% Ruthenians; 10% Ashkenazi Jews; 3.1% Belarusians; 2.3% Germans and 3.4% Czechs and Lithuanians. At the same time, a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bronze
Bronze is an alloy consisting primarily of copper, commonly with about 12–12.5% tin and often with the addition of other metals (including aluminium, manganese, nickel, or zinc) and sometimes non-metals, such as phosphorus, or metalloids such as arsenic or silicon. These additions produce a range of alloys that may be harder than copper alone, or have other useful properties, such as ultimate tensile strength, strength, ductility, or machinability. The three-age system, archaeological period in which bronze was the hardest metal in widespread use is known as the Bronze Age. The beginning of the Bronze Age in western Eurasia and India is conventionally dated to the mid-4th millennium BCE (~3500 BCE), and to the early 2nd millennium BCE in China; elsewhere it gradually spread across regions. The Bronze Age was followed by the Iron Age starting from about 1300 BCE and reaching most of Eurasia by about 500 BCE, although bronze continued to be much more widely used than it is in mod ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Relief
Relief is a sculptural method in which the sculpted pieces are bonded to a solid background of the same material. The term ''relief'' is from the Latin verb ''relevo'', to raise. To create a sculpture in relief is to give the impression that the sculpted material has been raised above the background plane. When a relief is carved into a flat surface of stone (relief sculpture) or wood (relief carving), the field is actually lowered, leaving the unsculpted areas seeming higher. The approach requires a lot of chiselling away of the background, which takes a long time. On the other hand, a relief saves forming the rear of a subject, and is less fragile and more securely fixed than a sculpture in the round, especially one of a standing figure where the ankles are a potential weak point, particularly in stone. In other materials such as metal, clay, plaster stucco, ceramics or papier-mâché the form can be simply added to or raised up from the background. Monumental bronze reliefs a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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