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Françoise De Paroy
Françoise d'Estamville, Dame de Paroy also called Mme de Parois or de Parroys (died 1557), was a French court official.Fraser, Antonia, Mary Queen of Scots, ew ed. Weidenfeld & Nicolson, London, 1994 Some French sources give her name and title as, "Françoise d'Estainville, dame de Chevreaul et de Perroye". Life She married Jean de Vienne, baron de Chevreaux (in Jura) in 1544. She succeeded Janet Stewart, Lady Fleming as the governess of queen Mary, Queen of Scots in 1551, and remained in service until 1557. As Mary formally left the Royal Nursery in 1553 and started to attend court as an adult, Paroy's position would essentially be that of a chief lady-in-waiting, though official ladies-in-waitings were not engaged for Mary while she remained unwed. Mary, Queen of Scots made "cotignac", a kind of quince cheese in the chamber of Madame de Paroy in 1551. Paroy wrote in 1553 from Villers-Cotterêts to Mary of Guise, the mother of Mary, Queen of Scots, explaining that the young ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Château De Chevreaux
The Château de Chevreaux is a ruined castle in the ''Communes of France, commune'' of Chevreaux in the Jura (department), Jura ''Departments of France, département'' of France. At an altitude of 473 m, the castle dominates the Bresse, Bresse plain. History In 974, Manassès III, Coligny, Ain, Lord of Coligny, gave his lands of "Chevrel" and "Chastel" to the monks of the Abbey of Gigny, Jura, Gigny-sur-Suran. The castle was mentioned for the first time in 1158 in a document by the monks of the Le Miroir, Saône-et-Loire, Abbaye du Miroir. It was the seat of a ''Manorialism, seigneurie'' that belonged successively to three families: Coligny (from its construction until 1332), Vienne (from 1332 to 1651), and then Damas. A document from 1628 reported, "The castle and fortified house of Chevreaux, well served with towers and a good defensive curtain wall, where there are twelve rooms with fires, a chapel, a kitchen, wine store, and five or six barns and good vaulted cellars, alon ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wardrobe Of Mary, Queen Of Scots
The wardrobe of Mary, Queen of Scots, was described in several contemporary documents, and many records of her costume have been published. Mary's clothing choices are apparent in the contexts of her appearance as a ruler, at her pastimes, and as a prisoner in England. Mary was involved in textile crafts, dressed her gentlewomen ''en-suite'', organised events including costumed masques, and made and accepted gifts of clothing. Her choice of clothing at Fotheringhay Execution of Mary, Queen of Scots, for her execution has been examined as gesture and political theatre. Clothes for a queen Mary, Queen of Scots (1542–1587) lived in France between 1548 and 1560 and clothing bought for her is particularly well-documented in the year 1551. Her wedding dress in 1558 was described in some detail. More detailed records of her costume survive from her time in Scotland, with purchases recorded in the royal treasurer's accounts and wardrobe accounts kept by Servais de Condé. Inventories ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
French Courtiers
French may refer to: * Something of, from, or related to France ** French language, which originated in France ** French people, a nation and ethnic group ** French cuisine, cooking traditions and practices Arts and media * The French (band), a British rock band * "French" (episode), a live-action episode of ''The Super Mario Bros. Super Show!'' * ''Française'' (film), a 2008 film * French Stewart (born 1964), American actor Other uses * French (surname), a surname (including a list of people with the name) * French (tunic), a type of military jacket or tunic * French's, an American brand of mustard condiment * French (catheter scale), a unit of measurement * French Defence, a chess opening * French kiss, a type of kiss See also * France (other) * Franch, a surname * French Revolution (other) * French River (other), several rivers and other places * Frenching (other) * Justice French (other) Justice French may refer to: * C. G ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Governesses To The Scottish Court
A governess is a woman employed as a private tutor, who teaches and trains a child or children in their home. A governess often lives in the same residence as the children she is teaching; depending on terms of their employment, they may or may not fulfill the limited role of an au pair, Cook (domestic worker), cook, and/or maid as a secondary function. In contrast to a nanny, the primary role of a governess is teaching, rather than meeting the physical needs of children; hence a governess is usually in charge of school-aged children, rather than babies. The position of governess used to be common in affluent European families before the First World War, especially in the countryside where no suitable school existed nearby and when parents preferred to educate their children at home rather than send them away to boarding school for months at a time, and varied across time and countries. Governesses were usually in charge of girls and younger boys. When a boy was old enough, he ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1557 Deaths
__NOTOC__ Year 1557 (Roman numerals, MDLVII) was a common year starting on Friday of the Julian calendar. Events January–March * January 4 – Pietro Giovanni Chiavica Cibo becomes the new Doge of Genoa, Doge of the Republic of Genoa for a term of 2 years as the term of the Doge Agostino Pinelli Ardimenti comes to an end. * January 6 – Italian War of 1551–1559: Gaspard II de Coligny, the French governor of Picardy (in northern France), launches surprise attacks on Douai and Lens, Pas-de-Calais, Lens in the Spanish Netherlands and captures both cities for France. * January 13 – Sigismund II Augustus, King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania, issues an edict against Protestants, at the urging of the Archbishop Mikołaj Dzierzgowski, List of archbishops of Gniezno and primates of Poland, Primate of Poland. * January 28 – Bayinnaung, King of Burma and head of the Toungoo dynasty, conquers two the Shan States, Möng Mit State, Möng Mit and Hs ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Guillemette De Sarrebruck
Guillemette de Sarrebruck (–1571) was a French court official. She served as Governess of the Children of France, and as the Première dame d'honneur to the queen of France, Mary Stuart. She had the title comtesse de Braine ''de jure'' after 1525, when she inherited the County of Braine from her childless brother. Life Guillemette de Sarrebruck was the daughter of Robert II de Sarrebruck-Commercy and Marie d'Amboise. She married Robert III de La Marck in 1510, with whom she had a son, Robert IV de La Marck (1512–1556), Duke of Bouillon, Prince of Sedan and Marshal of France. Court career Guillemette de Sarrebruck had a long career at the royal court of France. She served as ''dame'' or ''dame d'honneur'' (lady-in-waiting) to three queens of France: Anne de Bretagne, Eleanor of Austria and Catherine de Médici. She served as Governess of the Children of France to the children of Francis I. She was appointed to the position of head lady-in-waiting or ''Première dame ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dropsy
Edema (American English), also spelled oedema (British English), and also known as fluid retention, swelling, dropsy and hydropsy, is the build-up of fluid in the body's tissue. Most commonly, the legs or arms are affected. Symptoms may include skin that feels tight, the area feeling heavy, and joint stiffness. Other symptoms depend on the underlying cause. Causes may include venous insufficiency, heart failure, kidney problems, low protein levels, liver problems, deep vein thrombosis, infections, kwashiorkor, angioedema, certain medications, and lymphedema. It may also occur in immobile patients (stroke, spinal cord injury, aging), or with temporary immobility such as prolonged sitting or standing, and during menstruation or pregnancy. The condition is more concerning if it starts suddenly, or pain or shortness of breath is present. Treatment depends on the underlying cause. If the underlying mechanism involves sodium retention, decreased salt intake and a diuretic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Catherine De Medici
Catherine de' Medici (, ; , ; 13 April 1519 – 5 January 1589) was an Italian Florentine noblewoman of the Medici family and Queen of France from 1547 to 1559 by marriage to King Henry II. She was the mother of French kings Francis II, Charles IX, and Henry III. She was a cousin of Pope Clement VII. The years during which her sons reigned have been called "the age of Catherine de' Medici" since she had extensive, albeit at times varying, influence on the political life of France. Catherine was born in Florence to Lorenzo de' Medici, Duke of Urbino, and Madeleine de La Tour d'Auvergne. In 1533, at the age of 14, Catherine married Henry, the second son of King Francis I and Queen Claude of France, who would become Dauphin of France (heir to the throne) upon the death of his elder brother Francis in 1536. Catherine's marriage was arranged by Clement VII. Henry largely excluded Catherine from state affairs during his reign, inst ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fontainebleau
Fontainebleau ( , , ) is a Communes of France, commune in the Functional area (France), metropolitan area of Paris, France. It is located south-southeast of the Kilometre zero#France, centre of Paris. Fontainebleau is a Subprefectures in France, sub-prefecture of the Seine-et-Marne Departments of France, department, and it is the seat of the Arrondissement of Fontainebleau, ''arrondissement'' of Fontainebleau. The commune has the largest land area in the Île-de-France region; it is the only one to cover a larger area than Paris itself. The commune is closest to Seine-et-Marne Prefecture Melun. Fontainebleau, together with the neighbouring commune of Avon, Seine-et-Marne, Avon and three other smaller communes, form an urban area of 36,724 inhabitants (2018). This urban area is a satellite of Paris. Fontainebleau is renowned for the large and scenic Forest of Fontainebleau, a favourite weekend getaway for Parisians, as well as for the historic Palace of Fontainebleau, Château ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
House Of Savoy
The House of Savoy (, ) is a royal house (formally a dynasty) of Franco-Italian origin that was established in 1003 in the historical region of Savoy, which was originally part of the Kingdom of Burgundy and now lies mostly within southeastern France. Through gradual expansions, the family grew in power, first ruling the County of Savoy, a small Alpine county northwest of Italy, and later gaining absolute rule of the Kingdom of Sicily. During the years 1713 to 1720, they were handed the Kingdom of Sardinia (1324–1720), Kingdom of Sardinia and would exercise direct rule from then onward as Piedmont–Sardinia, which was the legal predecessor state of the Kingdom of Italy, which in turn is the predecessor of the present-day History of the Italian Republic, Italian Republic. From rule of a region on the French–Italian border, by the time of the abolition of monarchy in Italy, the dynasty's realm grew to include nearly all of the Italian peninsula. Through its junior branch of Sa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nicolas, Duke Of Mercœur
Nicolas of Lorraine, Duke of Mercœur (16 October 1524 – 23 January 1577), was the second son of Antoine, Duke of Lorraine, and Renée of Bourbon, Renée de Bourbon. Life He was originally destined for an ecclesiastical career, being made bishop of Metz in 1543 and of Diocese of Verdun, Verdun in 1544. In June 1545, he became joint "tutor and administrator" for his nephew, Charles III, Duke of Lorraine, with his sister-in-law Christina of Denmark. However, the Estates of Lorraine, in November 1545, removed him in favor of Christina as sole regent. He opposed her pro-Imperial policies. Resigning his dioceses in 1548 in favor of his uncle Jean, Cardinal of Lorraine, he took the title ''Count of Vaudémont''. After seizure of the Three Bishoprics in 1552 by Henry II of France, he was re-appointed as sole regent for his nephew, a position he retained until 1559. Nomeny was detached from the Bishopric of Metz in 1551 and given to him as a margrave, margraviate by Maximilian II, Ho ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Francis I, Duke Of Lorraine
Francis I () (23 August 1517 – 12 June 1545) was Duke of Lorraine from 1544–1545. History Born in Nancy, Francis was the eldest son of Antoine, Duke of Lorraine and Renée de Bourbon, daughter of Gilbert de Bourbon, Count of Montpensier. He was briefly engaged in the mid-1530s to Anne of Cleves, who in 1540 would become the fourth wife of King Henry VIII of England. Their betrothal would be used by Henry to break his marriage to Anne after six short months. On 10 July 1541, Francis married Christina of Denmark in Brussels. Christina was a daughter of King Christian II and Isabella of Austria. Francis died at Remiremont in 1545, leaving Duchess Christina as the regent of Lorraine and as the guardian of their young children. Children By Christina of Denmark Christina of Denmark (; November 1521 – 10 December 1590) was a Denmark, Danish princess, the younger surviving daughter of Christian II, King Christian II of Denmark and Norway and Isabella of Austria. By ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
