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Four Pests Campaign
The Four Pests campaign (), was one of the first actions taken in the Great Leap Forward in China from 1958 to 1962. The four pests to be eliminated were rats, flies, mosquitoes, and sparrows. The extermination of sparrows is also known as the smash sparrows campaign () or eliminate sparrows campaign (), which resulted in severe ecological imbalance, being one of the causes of the Great Chinese Famine. In 1960, the campaign against sparrows was ended and redirected to bed bugs. Campaign The "Four Pests" campaign was introduced in 1958 as a hygiene campaign aimed to eradicate the pests responsible for the transmission of pestilence and disease: * the mosquitos responsible for malaria * the rodents that spread the plague * the pervasive airborne flies * the sparrows—specifically the Eurasian tree sparrow—which ate grain seed and fruit Sparrows Sparrows were suspected of consuming approximately 2 kg (4 pounds) of grain per sparrow per year. Sparrow nests were destroyed, eg ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mao Zedong
Mao Zedong pronounced ; also romanised traditionally as Mao Tse-tung. (26 December 1893 – 9 September 1976), also known as Chairman Mao, was a Chinese communist revolutionary who was the founder of the People's Republic of China (PRC), which he led as the chairman of the Chinese Communist Party from the establishment of the PRC in 1949 until his death in 1976. Ideologically a Marxist–Leninist, his theories, military strategies, and political policies are collectively known as Maoism. Mao was the son of a prosperous peasant in Shaoshan, Hunan. He supported Chinese nationalism and had an anti-imperialist outlook early in his life, and was particularly influenced by the events of the Xinhai Revolution of 1911 and May Fourth Movement of 1919. He later adopted Marxism–Leninism while working at Peking University as a librarian and became a founding member of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP), leading the Autumn Harvest Uprising in 1927. During the Chinese Civil Wa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Campaigns Of The Chinese Communist Party
Campaign or The Campaign may refer to: Types of campaigns * Campaign, in agriculture, the period during which sugar beets are harvested and processed *Advertising campaign, a series of advertisement messages that share a single idea and theme * Blitz campaign, a short, intensive, and focused marketing campaign for a product or business *Civil society campaign, a project intended to mobilize public support in order to instigate social change *Military campaign, large scale, long duration, significant military strategy plans incorporating a series of inter-related military operations or battles *Political campaign, an organized effort which seeks to influence the decision making process within a specific group *Project, an undertaking that is carefully planned to achieve a particular aim * The period during which a blast furnace is continuously in operation. Places *Campaign, Tennessee, an unincorporated community in the United States Arts, entertainment, and media Films * ''The Cam ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1958 In The Environment
Events January * January 1 – The European Economic Community (EEC) comes into being. * January 3 – The West Indies Federation is formed. * January 4 ** Edmund Hillary's Commonwealth Trans-Antarctic Expedition completes the third overland journey to the South Pole, the first to use powered vehicles. ** Sputnik 1 (launched on October 4, 1957) falls to Earth from its orbit, and burns up. * January 13 – Battle of Edchera: The Moroccan Army of Liberation ambushes a Spanish patrol. * January 27 – A Soviet-American executive agreement on cultural, educational and scientific exchanges, also known as the "Lacy-Zarubin Agreement, Lacy–Zarubin Agreement", is signed in Washington, D.C. * January 31 – The first successful American satellite, Explorer 1, is launched into orbit. February * February 1 – Egypt and Syria unite, to form the United Arab Republic. * February 6 – Seven Manchester United F.C., Manchester United footballers are among the 21 people killed i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1962 In China
Events from the year 1962 in China. Incumbents * Chairman of the Chinese Communist Party – Mao Zedong * President of the People's Republic of China – Liu Shaoqi * Premier of the People's Republic of China – Zhou Enlai * Chairman of the National People's Congress – Zhu De * Vice President of the People's Republic of China – Soong Ching-ling and Dong Biwu * Vice Premier of the People's Republic of China – Chen Yun Governors * Governor of Anhui Province – Huang Yan * Governor of Fujian Province – ** until unknown: Wu Hongxiang ** month unknown: Jiang Yizhen ** starting month unknown: Wei Jinshui * Governor of Gansu Province – Deng Baoshan * Governor of Guangdong Province – Chen Yu * Governor of Guizhou Province – Zhou Lin * Governor of Hebei Province – Liu Zihou * Governor of Heilongjiang Province – Li Fanwu * Governor of Henan Province – Wu Zhipu then Wen Minsheng * Governor of Hubei Province – ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1958 In China
Events in the year 1958 in the People's Republic of China. Incumbents * Chairman of the Chinese Communist Party: Mao Zedong * President of the People's Republic of China: Mao Zedong * Premier of the People's Republic of China: Zhou Enlai * Chairman of the National People's Congress: Liu Shaoqi * Vice President of the People's Republic of China: Zhu De * Vice Premier of the People's Republic of China: Chen Yun Governors * Governor of Anhui Province: Huang Yan * Governor of Fujian Province: Ye Fei * Governor of Gansu Province: Deng Baoshan * Governor of Guangdong Province: Chen Yu * Governor of Guizhou Province: Zhou Lin (politician) * Governor of Hebei Province: Lin Tie then Liu Zihou * Governor of Heilongjiang Province: Ouyang Qin then Li Fanwu * Governor of Henan Province: Wu Zhipu * Governor of Hubei Province: Zhang Tixue * Governor of Hunan Province: Cheng Qian * Governor of Jiangsu Province: Hui Yuyu * Governor of Jiangxi Province: Shao Shiping ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Birds Of China
This is a list of the bird species recorded in China. The avifauna of China include a total of 1425 species, of which 57 are endemic, and 3 have been introduced by humans. Of these, 108 species are globally threatened. This list's taxonomic treatment (designation and sequence of orders, families and species) and nomenclature (common and scientific names) follow the conventions of '' The Clements Checklist of Birds of the World'', 2022 edition. The family accounts at the beginning of each heading reflect this taxonomy, as do the species counts found in each family account. Introduced and accidental species are included in the total counts for China. The following tags have been used to highlight several categories. The commonly occurring native species do not fall into any of these categories. * (A) Accidental - a species that rarely or accidentally occurs in China * (E) Endemic - a species native or restricted to China * (I) Introduced - a species introduced to China as a co ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Campaigns Of The Communist Party Of China
This is a list of political campaigns of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) since the founding of the party in 1921 after the First World War. See also * History of the People's Republic of China * Timeline of Chinese history __NOTOC__ This is a timeline of Chinese history, comprising important legal and territorial changes and political events in China and its predecessor states. To read about the background to these events, see History of China. See also the li ... * History of Chinese Communist Party References {{reflist Persecution of intellectuals ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tax On Trees
Tax on trees was a tax imposed on the owners of fruit trees in the USSR by Joseph Stalin's government in 1944. The tax made it expensive to have trees on a farm, and had the unintended consequence of causing a mass felling of trees by Soviet farmers. This subsequently led to shortage of fruit. The idea was proposed by the Minister Arseny Zverev, and Stalin failed to foresee the problems it would produce. The tax was repealed in 1954 by Georgy Malenkov, when taxes were reduced by 60 percent for farmers. See also * Agriculture in the Soviet Union *Four Pests campaign References Trees Trees Agriculture in the Soviet Union Trees In botany, a tree is a perennial plant with an elongated stem, or trunk, usually supporting branches and leaves. In some usages, the definition of a tree may be narrower, including only woody plants with secondary growth, plants that are u ... Forestry in Russia Deforestation Environmental issues in Russia Agriculture in Ukraine Agriculture i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Emu War
The Emu War, also known as the Great Emu War, was a nuisance wildlife management military operation undertaken in Australia over the later part of 1932 to address public concern over the number of emus said to be running amok and destroying crops in the Campion district within the Wheatbelt of Western Australia. The unsuccessful attempts to curb the population of emus, a large flightless bird indigenous to Australia, employed Royal Australian Artillery soldiers armed with Lewis guns—leading the media to adopt the name "Emu War" when referring to the incident. While a number of the birds were killed, the emu population persisted and continued to cause crop destruction. Background Following World War I, large numbers of discharged veterans who served in the war were given land by the Australian government to take up farming within Western Australia, often in agriculturally marginal areas. With the onset of the Great Depression in 1929, these farmers were encouraged to i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Soviet Union
The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a List of former transcontinental countries#Since 1700, transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, it was nominally a Federation, federal union of Republics of the Soviet Union, fifteen national republics; in practice, both Government of the Soviet Union, its government and Economy of the Soviet Union, its economy were highly Soviet-type economic planning, centralized until its final years. It was a one-party state governed by the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, with the city of Moscow serving as its capital as well as that of its largest and most populous republic: the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic, Russian SFSR. Other major cities included Saint Petersburg, Leningrad (Russian SFSR), Kyiv, Kiev (Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic, Ukrainian SSR), Minsk (Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic, Byelorussian SSR), Tas ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Independent
''The Independent'' is a British online newspaper. It was established in 1986 as a national morning printed paper. Nicknamed the ''Indy'', it began as a broadsheet and changed to tabloid format in 2003. The last printed edition was published on Saturday 26 March 2016, leaving only the online edition. The newspaper was controlled by Tony O'Reilly's Irish Independent News & Media from 1997 until it was sold to the Russian oligarch and former KGB Officer Alexander Lebedev in 2010. In 2017, Sultan Muhammad Abuljadayel bought a 30% stake in it. The daily edition was named National Newspaper of the Year at the 2004 British Press Awards. The website and mobile app had a combined monthly reach of 19,826,000 in 2021. History 1986 to 1990 Launched in 1986, the first issue of ''The Independent'' was published on 7 October in broadsheet format.Dennis Griffiths (ed.) ''The Encyclopedia of the British Press, 1422–1992'', London & Basingstoke: Macmillan, 1992, p. 330 It was pro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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