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Fossarininae
The Fossarininae are a taxonomic subfamily of very small to large sea snails, marine gastropod molluscs in the family Trochidae, common name In biology, a common name of a taxon or organism (also known as a vernacular name, English name, colloquial name, country name, popular name, or farmer's name) is a name that is based on the normal language of everyday life; and is often contrast ... top snails.MolluscaBase eds. (2020). MolluscaBase. Fossarininae Bandel, 2009. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=492730 on 2020-08-24 Genera * '' Broderipia'' Gray, 1847 * '' Clydonochilus'' P. Fischer, 1890 * '' Fossarina'' A. Adams & Angas, 1864 * '' Minopa'' Iredale, 1924 * '' Synaptocochlea'' Pilsbry, 1890 ;Synonyms: * ''Minos'' Hutton, 1884: synonym of ''Fossarina'' A. Adams & Angas, 1864 References * Williams S.T., Donald K.M., Spencer H.G. & Nakano T. (2010) Molecular systematics of the marine gastropod familie ...
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Trochidae
The Trochidae, common name top-snails or top-shells, are a family of various sized sea snails, marine gastropod molluscs in the subclass Vetigastropoda. This family is commonly known as the top-snails because in many species the shell resembles a toy spinning top. Taxonomy The family Trochidae consists of the following subfamilies: * Alcyninae Williams, Donald, Spencer & Nakano, 2010 * Cantharidinae Gray, 1857 * Carinotrochinae S.-Q. Zhang, J. Zhang & S.-P. Zhang, 2020 * Chrysostomatinae Williams, Donald, Spencer & Nakano, 2010 * Fossarininae Bandel, 2009 * Halistylinae Keen, 1958 * Kaiparathininae B. A. Marshall, 1993 * Monodontinae Gray, 1857 * Stomatellinae Gray, 1840 * Trochinae Rafinesque, 1815 * Umboniinae H. Adams & A. Adams, 1854 (1840) Additionally, the following genera have not yet been placed in any subfamily: * '' Callumbonella'' Thiele, 1924 * †'' Coeloconulus'' Nützel, 2012 * '' Enida'' A. Adams, 1860 * †'' Eocalliostoma'' O. Haas, 1953 * †'' Fa ...
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Clydonochilus
''Clydonochilus'' is a genus of sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the subfamily Fossarininae The Fossarininae are a taxonomic subfamily of very small to large sea snails, marine gastropod molluscs in the family Trochidae, common name In biology, a common name of a taxon or organism (also known as a vernacular name, English name, collo ... of the family Trochidae, the top snails.Bouchet, P. (2012). ''Clydonochilus'' P. Fischer, 1890. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=512293 on 2012-11-23 Species * '' Clydonochilus mariei'' Fischer, P., 1890 References * Crosse, H., 1890. Description d'un nouveau genre de Gastropodes marins. Journal de Conchyliologie 38: 114-118 * Fischer-Piette, E., 1950. Liste des types décrits dans le Journal de Conchyliologie et conservés dans la collection de ce journal (avec planches)(suite). Journal de Conchyliologie 90: 149-180 * Dekker, H. & Orlin, Z., 2000 ...
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Fossarina
''Fossarina'' is a genus of sea snails, marine gastropod molluscs in the family Trochidae, the top shells. MolluscaBase eds. (2020). MolluscaBase. Fossarina A. Adams & Angas, 1864. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=512292 on 2020-11-25 The genus ''Fossarina'' was moved from the family Fossariidae to the newly created subfamily Fossarininae within the family Trochidae by Williams et al. in 2010.Williams S. T., Donald K. M., Spencer H. G. & Nakano, T. (2010). "Molecular systematics of the marine gastropod families Trochidae and Calliostomatidae (Mollusca: Superfamily Trochoidea)". '' Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution'' 54(3): 783-809. Description The shell is auriform, a little depressed and narrowly umbilicated. The spire is short. The oval aperture is oblique. The lips are rounded. The operculum is multispiral. Distribution This marine genus occurs off Australia, Tasmania and New Zealand ...
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Taxonomy (biology)
In biology, taxonomy () is the scientific study of naming, defining ( circumscribing) and classifying groups of biological organisms based on shared characteristics. Organisms are grouped into taxa (singular: taxon) and these groups are given a taxonomic rank; groups of a given rank can be aggregated to form a more inclusive group of higher rank, thus creating a taxonomic hierarchy. The principal ranks in modern use are domain, kingdom, phylum (''division'' is sometimes used in botany in place of ''phylum''), class, order, family, genus, and species. The Swedish botanist Carl Linnaeus is regarded as the founder of the current system of taxonomy, as he developed a ranked system known as Linnaean taxonomy for categorizing organisms and binomial nomenclature for naming organisms. With advances in the theory, data and analytical technology of biological systematics, the Linnaean system has transformed into a system of modern biological classification intended to reflect the evolu ...
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Subfamily (biology)
In biological classification, a subfamily (Latin: ', plural ') is an auxiliary (intermediate) taxonomic rank, next below family but more inclusive than genus. Standard nomenclature rules end subfamily botanical names with "-oideae", and zoological names with "-inae". See also * International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants * International Code of Zoological Nomenclature * Rank (botany) * Rank (zoology) In biological classification, taxonomic rank is the relative level of a group of organisms (a taxon) in an ancestral or hereditary hierarchy. A common system consists of species, genus, family, order, class, phylum, kingdom, domain. While olde ... Sources {{biology-stub ...
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Sea Snail
Sea snail is a common name for slow-moving marine gastropod molluscs, usually with visible external shells, such as whelk or abalone. They share the taxonomic class Gastropoda with slugs, which are distinguished from snails primarily by the absence of a visible shell. Definition Determining whether some gastropods should be called sea snails is not always easy. Some species that live in brackish water (such as certain neritids) can be listed as either freshwater snails or marine snails, and some species that live at or just above the high tide level (for example species in the genus '' Truncatella'') are sometimes considered to be sea snails and sometimes listed as land snails. Anatomy Sea snails are a very large group of animals and a very diverse one. Most snails that live in salt water respire using a gill or gills; a few species, though, have a lung, are intertidal, and are active only at low tide when they can move around in the air. These air-breathing species includ ...
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Marine (ocean)
The ocean (also the sea or the world ocean) is the body of salt water that covers approximately 70.8% of the surface of Earth and contains 97% of Earth's water. An ocean can also refer to any of the large bodies of water into which the world ocean is conventionally divided."Ocean."
''Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary'', Merriam-Webster, https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/ocean. Accessed March 14, 2021.
Separate names are used to identify five different areas of the ocean: (the largest), ,

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Gastropod
The gastropods (), commonly known as snails and slugs, belong to a large taxonomic class of invertebrates within the phylum Mollusca called Gastropoda (). This class comprises snails and slugs from saltwater, from freshwater, and from land. There are many thousands of species of sea snails and slugs, as well as freshwater snails, freshwater limpets, and land snails and slugs. The class Gastropoda contains a vast total of named species, second only to the insects in overall number. The fossil history of this class goes back to the Late Cambrian. , 721 families of gastropods are known, of which 245 are extinct and appear only in the fossil record, while 476 are currently extant with or without a fossil record. Gastropoda (previously known as univalves and sometimes spelled "Gasteropoda") are a major part of the phylum Mollusca, and are the most highly diversified class in the phylum, with 65,000 to 80,000 living snail and slug species. The anatomy, behavior, feeding, and re ...
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Mollusc
Mollusca is the second-largest phylum of invertebrate animals after the Arthropoda, the members of which are known as molluscs or mollusks (). Around 85,000  extant species of molluscs are recognized. The number of fossil species is estimated between 60,000 and 100,000 additional species. The proportion of undescribed species is very high. Many taxa remain poorly studied. Molluscs are the largest marine phylum, comprising about 23% of all the named marine organisms. Numerous molluscs also live in freshwater and terrestrial habitats. They are highly diverse, not just in size and anatomical structure, but also in behaviour and habitat. The phylum is typically divided into 7 or 8 taxonomic classes, of which two are entirely extinct. Cephalopod molluscs, such as squid, cuttlefish, and octopuses, are among the most neurologically advanced of all invertebrates—and either the giant squid or the colossal squid is the largest known invertebrate species. The gastropods ...
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Common Name
In biology, a common name of a taxon or organism (also known as a vernacular name, English name, colloquial name, country name, popular name, or farmer's name) is a name that is based on the normal language of everyday life; and is often contrasted with the scientific name for the same organism, which is Latinized. A common name is sometimes frequently used, but that is not always the case. In chemistry, IUPAC defines a common name as one that, although it unambiguously defines a chemical, does not follow the current systematic naming convention, such as acetone, systematically 2-propanone, while a vernacular name describes one used in a lab, trade or industry that does not unambiguously describe a single chemical, such as copper sulfate, which may refer to either copper(I) sulfate or copper(II) sulfate. Sometimes common names are created by authorities on one particular subject, in an attempt to make it possible for members of the general public (including such interested par ...
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Broderipia
''Broderipia'' is a genus of sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Trochidae, the top snails. Description The shell is limpet-shaped, non-spiral, oblong-ovate and flattened. The shell is bilaterally symmetrical when adult. The apex is either subcentral or posterior, and either remaining as a minute recumbent spiral or lost in the adult shell. The ovate aperture is very large and internally brilliantly iridescent or almost deprived of nacre. Distribution The species of this marine genus occurs in the Red Sea, Gulf of Oman, Mauritius, New Caledonia, French Polynesia )Territorial motto: ( en, "Great Tahiti of the Golden Haze") , anthem = , song_type = Regional anthem , song = " Ia Ora 'O Tahiti Nui" , image_map = French Polynesia on the globe (French Polynesia centered).svg , map_alt = Location of Frenc ... and in the Pacific Ocean. Species Species within the genus ''Broderipia'' include: * '' Broderipia cumingii'' A. Adams, 1851 * '' Broderipia eximi ...
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Minopa
''Minopa'' is a genus of sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Trochidae, the top snails.MolluscaBase eds. (2020). MolluscaBase. Minopa Iredale, 1924. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=512294 on 2020-11-25 Distribution The species in this marine genus are endemic to Australia and occur off New South Wales, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria and Western Australia. Species * ''Minopa legrandi'' Petterd, W.F., 1879: synonym of ''Fossarina legrandi'' Petterd, 1879 * ''Minopa reedi'' (Verco, J.C., 1907): synonym of ''Fossarina reedi ''Fossarina reedi'', common name Reed top shell, is a species of very small sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusc or micromollusk in the family Trochidae, the top snails.MolluscaBase eds. (2020). MolluscaBase. Fossarina reedi (Verco, 1907). Ac ...'' (Verco, 1907) References * Iredale, 1924, Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales, 49( ...
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