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Fort Of São Teodósio Da Ponta Do Cavalo
The Fort of São Teodósio da Ponta do Cavalo is a coastal fort located in a dominant position at the extreme west of the Bay of Sesimbra in the Setúbal District of Portugal. It was built between 1648 and 1652. History During the period of the Portuguese Restoration War (1640-68), King John IV undertook a project to modernize the coastal defences of the country. This included the remodelling of existing fortresses and reinforcing their firepower, together with the construction of new fortresses located in strategic positions. The Fort of São Teodósio was part of the defensive line of the stretch of coast, known today as the ''Costa Azul'' (Blue Coast), stretching from Albarquel to Sesimbra, which was designed to assist with the defence of the important maritime settlement of Setúbal. The fort was named in honour of the Crown Prince, Dom Teodósio, Prince of Brazil. It was executed by the military engineer Sebastião Pereira de Frias. Built in the Mannerist style from stone an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fort Of Cavalo Lighthouse
The Fort of Cavalo Lighthouse is located in the Fort of ''São Teodósio da Ponta do Cavalo'', on the western edge of Sesimbra, in the Setúbal District of Portugal. It started operations in 1896. History Work on installing the lighthouse and lodgings for the lighthouse keepers on the upper Artillery battery, battery of the fort began on 12 November 1895. It began to operate on 15 September 1896 with a fixed red light beacon using a 6th-order Dioptrics, dioptric-catadioptric system, catadioptric Fresnel lens. The tower is cylindrical and made of iron, with vertical reinforcing strips and was originally painted white. It is 7 metres high and the light is at an altitude of 35 metres. In the context of World War I (1914-1918), the light was not used between 1916 and 1918. In 1927 the light was modified to a fixed white light, with regular Light characteristic, occultations. For this purpose a mechanical clockwork device was installed. In 1953 the lighthouse began to use gas to fuel t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mannerism
Mannerism, which may also be known as Late Renaissance, is a style in European art that emerged in the later years of the Italian High Renaissance around 1520, spreading by about 1530 and lasting until about the end of the 16th century in Italy, when the Baroque style largely replaced it. Northern Mannerism continued into the early 17th century. Mannerism encompasses a variety of approaches influenced by, and reacting to, the harmonious ideals associated with artists such as Leonardo da Vinci, Raphael, Vasari, and early Michelangelo. Where High Renaissance art emphasizes proportion, balance, and ideal beauty, Mannerism exaggerates such qualities, often resulting in compositions that are asymmetrical or unnaturally elegant.Gombrich 1995, . Notable for its artificial (as opposed to naturalistic) qualities, this artistic style privileges compositional tension and instability rather than the balance and clarity of earlier Renaissance painting. Mannerism in literature and music is not ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Forts In Portugal
A fortification is a military construction or building designed for the defense of territories in warfare, and is also used to establish rule in a region during peacetime. The term is derived from Latin ''fortis'' ("strong") and ''facere'' ("to make"). From very early history to modern times, defensive walls have often been necessary for cities to survive in an ever-changing world of invasion and conquest. Some settlements in the Indus Valley civilization were the first small cities to be fortified. In ancient Greece, large stone walls had been built in Mycenaean Greece, such as the ancient site of Mycenae (famous for the huge stone blocks of its 'cyclopean' walls). A Greek '' phrourion'' was a fortified collection of buildings used as a military garrison, and is the equivalent of the Roman castellum or English fortress. These constructions mainly served the purpose of a watch tower, to guard certain roads, passes, and borders. Though smaller than a real fortress, they acted ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fort Of Cavalo Lighthouse
The Fort of Cavalo Lighthouse is located in the Fort of ''São Teodósio da Ponta do Cavalo'', on the western edge of Sesimbra, in the Setúbal District of Portugal. It started operations in 1896. History Work on installing the lighthouse and lodgings for the lighthouse keepers on the upper battery of the fort began on 12 November 1895. It began to operate on 15 September 1896 with a fixed red light beacon using a 6th-order dioptric- catadioptric Fresnel lens. The tower is cylindrical and made of iron, with vertical reinforcing strips and was originally painted white. It is 7 metres high and the light is at an altitude of 35 metres. In the context of World War I (1914-1918), the light was not used between 1916 and 1918. In 1927 the light was modified to a fixed white light, with regular occultations. For this purpose a mechanical clockwork device was installed. In 1953 the lighthouse began to use gas to fuel the light, with acetylene gas being introduced in 1958. In 1959 the tow ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Liberal Wars
The Liberal Wars (), also known as the Portuguese Civil War (), the War of the Two Brothers () or Miguelite War (), was a war between liberal constitutionalists and conservative absolutists in Portugal over royal succession that lasted from 1828 to 1834. Embroiled parties included the Kingdom of Portugal, Portuguese rebels, the United Kingdom, France, the Catholic Church, and Spain. Roots of the conflict The death of King John VI in 1826 created a dispute over royal succession. While Dom Pedro, the Emperor of Brazil, was the king's oldest son, his younger brother Miguel contended that Pedro had forfeited his claim to the throne by declaring Brazilian independence. Pedro briefly entitled himself Dom Pedro IV of Portugal. Neither the Portuguese nor the Brazilians wanted a unified monarchy; consequently, Pedro abdicated the Portuguese throne in favor of his daughter, Maria, a child of 7. In April 1826, to settle the succession dispute, Pedro revised the first constitution of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jean-Andoche Junot
Jean-Andoche Junot, 1st Duke of Abrantes (24 September 1771 – 29 July 1813) was a French military officer during the French Revolutionary Wars and the Napoleonic Wars. Biography Early life Junot was born in Bussy-le-Grand, Côte-d'Or, son of Michel Junot, a farmer (1739–1814), and wife Marie Antoinette Bienaymé (1735–1806). His father was the son of François Junot (?–1759) and wife Edmée Laurain (1703–1784), while his mother was the daughter of Guy Bienaymé and wife Ursule Rigoley. Jean-Andoche went to school in Châtillon. He was studying law in Dijon when the French Revolution started. After joining a battalion as volunteer, he was twice wounded and also made sergeant. He first met Napoleon Bonaparte during the siege of Toulon in 1793, when he became his secretary (aide de camp). Italian campaign He distinguished himself in Italy but received a serious head wound at Lonato, which some claim led to a permanent change in his character, reduced the quality ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Peninsular War
The Peninsular War (1807–1814) was the military conflict fought in the Iberian Peninsula by Spain, Portugal, and the United Kingdom against the invading and occupying forces of the First French Empire during the Napoleonic Wars. In Spain, it is considered to overlap with the Spanish War of Independence. The war started when the French and Spanish armies invaded and occupied Portugal in 1807 by transiting through Spain, and it escalated in 1808 after Napoleonic France occupied Spain, which had been its ally. Napoleon Bonaparte forced the abdications of Ferdinand VII and his father Charles IV and then installed his brother Joseph Bonaparte on the Spanish throne and promulgated the Bayonne Constitution. Most Spaniards rejected French rule and fought a bloody war to oust them. The war on the peninsula lasted until the Sixth Coalition defeated Napoleon in 1814, and is regarded as one of the first wars of national liberation. It is also significant for the emergence of larg ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1755 Lisbon Earthquake
The 1755 Lisbon earthquake, also known as the Great Lisbon earthquake, impacted Portugal, the Iberian Peninsula, and Northwest Africa on the morning of Saturday, 1 November, Feast of All Saints, at around 09:40 local time. In combination with subsequent fires and a tsunami, the earthquake almost completely destroyed Lisbon and adjoining areas. Seismologists estimate the Lisbon earthquake had a magnitude of 7.7 or greater on the moment magnitude scale, with its epicenter in the Atlantic Ocean about west-southwest of Cape St. Vincent and about southwest of Lisbon. Chronologically, it was the third known large scale earthquake to hit the city (following those of 1321 and 1531). Estimates place the death toll in Lisbon at between 12,000 and 50,000 people, making it one of the deadliest earthquakes in history. The earthquake accentuated political tensions in Portugal and profoundly disrupted the Portuguese Empire. The event was widely discussed and dwelt upon by European ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Teodósio, Prince Of Brazil
Don Teodósio, Prince of Brazil, Duke of Braganza (''Teodósio de Bragança''; ; 8 February 1634 – 15 May 1653) was the heir apparent son of John IV of Portugal (first king of the House of Braganza) and his wife Luisa de Guzmán. In 1645, he was given the title of Prince of Brazil, a new crown princely position thus created. Also, his father granted him the duchy as 10th Duke of Braganza, presumably after his uncle Duarte died in 1649. Biography He was born on 8 February 1634 in Vila Viçosa and was the heir to the throne of Portugal from 1641 until his death at only 19 years of age. When the prince was 13 years old, he took part in the State Council's reunions. Teodósio's death, on 15 May 1653, due to tuberculosis, caused great unrest in the kingdom. His next brother, the medically and mentally problem-ridden Afonso, succeeded him as Prince of Brazil, Duke of Braganza and heir apparent of the kingdom. Due to mental incapacity and impotence, Afonso would eventually be ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sesimbra
Sesimbra () is a municipality of Portugal, in the Setúbal District, lying at the foothills of the ''Serra da Arrábida'', a mountain range between Setúbal and Sesimbra. Due to its particular position at the Setúbal Bay, near the mouth of the Sado River and its natural harbour, it is an important fishing town. The population in 2011 was 49,500, in an area of 195.47 km². The present Mayor is Francisco Jesus. General information Besides professional fishing and sport fishing (mainly of swordfish), the most significant revenues in Sesimbra come from tourism. The town is known for its beaches, fish restaurants and nightlife. The original name of Celtic origin was Cempsibriga, meaning the high place (briga) of the Celtic tribe the Cempsi. Close by, on a mountaintop, above sea level, lies strategically (the ruins of) the Moorish castle. It was taken from the Moors, during the Portuguese Reconquista in the year 1165 by king Afonso Henriques with the help of Frank Crusaders. T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Setúbal
Setúbal (, , ; cel-x-proto, Caetobrix) is a city and a municipality in Portugal. The population in 2014 was 118,166, occupying an area of . The city itself had 89,303 inhabitants in 2001. It lies within the Lisbon metropolitan area. In the times of Al-Andalus the city was known as ''Shaṭūbar'' (Andalusian Arabic: ). In the 19th century, the port was called ''Saint Ubes'' in English, and ''Saint-Yves'' in French. The municipal holiday is 15 September, which marks the date in 1860 when Pedro V of Portugal, King Pedro V of Portugal officially recognised Setúbal as a city. City information The city of Setúbal is located on the northern bank of the Sado River estuary, approximately south of Portugal's capital, Lisbon. It is also the seat of the Setúbal District and formerly in the historic Estremadura Province (1936-1976), Estremadura Province. In the beginning of the 20th century, Setúbal was the most important center of Portugal's fishing industry, particularly sp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Albarquel
Albarquel Beach (Praia de Albarquel) is a beach located in Setúbal, Portugal 48km north of Lisbon. The beach is on a bay overlooking the Tróia Peninsula and the city. The area is suitable for swimming, boating, windsurfing, and kitesurfing. In 2020, the Municipality of Setúbal started a program focused on making beaches accessible to everyone. Information on beach plaques is in Portuguese, English, French, and Braille. Solar-powered audio guides are available in Portuguese, English, French, and Spanish to help disabled guests safely move around the area. Other features expected to be introduced are accessible entrances into the water, including mats and walkways; the erection of a pergola made of recycled plastic to provide shade; accessible showers and bathrooms; and beach wheelchairs, one made for walking along the shore and one for venturing into the water. The Municipality also intends to train staff on inclusive practices and has connected with the physiotherapy, nursing ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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