|
Fort Of King Luís I
The Fort of King Luís I (''Forte D. Luís I''), also referred to as the Fort of Caxias (''Forte de Caxias'') and the Fort-prison of Caxias (''Forte-prisão de Caxias''), is located in the parish of Caxias, in the municipality of Oeiras in the Lisbon district of Portugal. It presently functions as a prison. Built between 1879 and 1886 it was intended as one of a number of forts, known as the '' Campo Entrincheirado'' of Lisbon, that formed a defensive perimeter that followed the boundaries of Lisbon at the time. It consisted of two separate strongholds, the north and the south. Originally called the Fort of Caxias, it was renamed as the Fort of King Luís I in 1901 in honour of the king who died in 1889. The fort was first used as a prison in 1916 when a group of soldiers who mutinied were arrested. In 1917 it was used to house construction workers who had gone on strike and in the same year telegraph workers on strike were also held there. From 1935 the southern part of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Oeiras, Portugal
Oeiras () is a town and municipality in the western part of Lisbon metropolitan area, located within the Portuguese Riviera, in continental Portugal. The municipality is part of the urban agglomeration of Lisbon and the town of Oeiras is about 16 km from Lisbon downtown. The population in 2011 was 172,120 living in an area of 45.88 km2, making the municipality the fifth-most densely populated in Portugal. Oeiras is an important economic hub, being one of the most highly developed municipalities of Portugal and Europe. It has the highest GDP per capita in the country, being also the second highest-ranking municipality (immediately after Lisbon) in terms of purchasing power as well as the second highest-ranking in the country as far as tax collection is concerned. These economic indicators also reflect the education level of its inhabitants, as Oeiras is the municipality with the highest concentration of population by tertiary education attainment in the country, their entr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Conceição Matos
Conceição Matos is a Portuguese communist who campaigned against the authoritarian rule of the '' Estado Novo'' regime in the 1960s. She was arrested and subjected to considerable torture. Early life Maria da Conceição Rodrigues de Matos was born in 1936 in São Pedro do Sul in the Viseu District of Portugal. Three years later, her family moved to the industrial area of Barreiro on the left bank of the Tagus river, to the immediate south of the Portuguese capital of Lisbon, living in what she has described as a "wooden shack". Her mother had 16 children, of whom only 5 survived. She ceased school at a young age and went to work, having a variety of jobs, including dressmaker, working in a soft-drinks factory and working in a cork factory and for the conglomerate Companhia União Fabril (CUF). Becoming a communist When she was 18, Matos spent three months in a sanatorium with tuberculosis. In the same year, her brother Alfredo was arrested by the PIDE, Portugal's secret pol ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Maria Dos Santos Machado
Maria dos Santos Machado (18901958) was a teacher and a Communist Party activist against the authoritarian '' Estado Novo'' (which governed Portugal from 1926 to 1974). She was imprisoned on four occasions between 1936 and her death in 1958. Early life and first arrest Maria dos Santos Machado was the daughter of Bartolomeu Silveira Lucas Machado and Maria dos Santos Teixeira. She was born in Calheta, on the island of São Jorge, in the Portuguese autonomous region of Azores on 25 February 1890. She began working in the Azores as a teacher, where she sought to put innovative teaching ideas into practice. She also created a library for students that was open to the general population. Moving to the Portuguese capital of Lisbon, she worked as a primary school teacher. She also created a private school for the children of railway workers, which would be closed by the police, and founded a library in Alges near Lisbon. She was one of the founders of the Associação Feminina Port ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Maria Alda Nogueira
Maria Alda Nogueira (1923–1988) was a communist and feminist activist who opposed Portugal's '' Estado Novo'' regime and spent nine years as a political prisoner. After the overthrow of the ''Estado Novo'' she became a parliamentary deputy, serving in the National Assembly for a decade. Early life Maria Alda Nogueira was born in the Portuguese capital of Lisbon on 19 March 1923. Her mother was a seamstress and her father a locksmith and they lived in a working-class neighbourhood. As a school student she was the student president and worked for International Red Aid, collecting clothing for Spaniards fighting Franco in the Spanish Civil War. She finished a degree in Physical-Chemical Sciences from the University of Lisbon in 1945-1946 and then became a teacher, working for three years at a school in Olhão in the Algarve, while also teaching a night school for women, before returning to teach in the Lisbon area. Activism In 1946, Nogueira joined the '' Associação Feminina Por ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Maria Adelaide Aboim Inglez
Maria Adelaide Aboim Inglez (19322008) was a Portuguese communist activist who opposed the authoritarian '' Estado Novo'' regime in Portugal. Early life Maria Adelaide Dias Coelho was born in Castelo Branco, Portugal on 27 March 1932. She was the daughter of Alfredo Dias Coelho and Juliana Augusta Dias Coelho, who were active communists. She had 8 siblings. One brother was José Dias Coelho, a painter and sculptor who played an important role in the Portuguese Communist Party (PCP) and was murdered by the PIDE, the political police of the ''Estado Novo''. In October 1952, she was arrested while collecting signatures in support of a peace treaty between the Great Powers and for the prohibition of nuclear weapons. She remained in Caxias prison near Lisbon for five months, being released in March 1953 without ever going to trial. Clandestine existence At the age of 21 in 1953 she married Carlos Hanhemann Saavedra de Aboim Inglez, who also played a leading role in the PCP and s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Julieta Gandra
Julieta Gandra (1917–2007) was a Portuguese doctor who was imprisoned by the Portuguese authorities for supporting Angolan Independence. She was Amnesty International's "Prisoner of Conscience of the Year" in 1964. Early life Maria Julieta Guimarães Gandra was born in Oliveira de Azeméis near Porto in Portugal on 16 September 1917, to Mário Gandra and Aurora Rocha Guimarães Gandra. She was one of four children. She graduated in Medicine from Lisbon. While at university she met Ernesto Cochat Osório, a native of Angola. The couple married, had a son, Miguel, and in the mid-1940s left Portugal for its colony, Angola. Angola In Luanda, capital of Angola, Julieta Gandra practiced as a gynaecologist. She had an office in the centre of the city, where she consulted women of the white Portuguese colonial elite, and also attended, for a token fee, Angolan women in a modest office in the poorer areas of the city. Socially, she mixed with many of the Angolan intellectuals who went ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
José Magro
José is a predominantly Spanish and Portuguese form of the given name Joseph. While spelled alike, this name is pronounced differently in each language: Spanish ; Portuguese (or ). In French, the name ''José'', pronounced , is an old vernacular form of Joseph, which is also in current usage as a given name. José is also commonly used as part of masculine name composites, such as José Manuel, José Maria or Antonio José, and also in female name composites like Maria José or Marie-José. The feminine written form is ''Josée'' as in French. In Netherlandic Dutch, however, ''José'' is a feminine given name and is pronounced ; it may occur as part of name composites like Marie-José or as a feminine first name in its own right; it can also be short for the name ''Josina'' and even a Dutch hypocorism of the name ''Johanna''. In England, Jose is originally a Romano-Celtic surname, and people with this family name can usually be found in, or traced to, the English county of C ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ivone Dias Lourenço
Ivone Dias Lourenço was a Portuguese communist and an opponent of the '' Estado Novo'' regime in Portugal. She spent almost seven years as a political prisoner. A report of her imprisonment in a British newspaper led to her being indirectly connected with the foundation of the human rights organization Amnesty International. Early life Ivone Conceição Dias Lourenço was born on 3 April 1937 in Vila Franca de Xira, just to the north of the Portuguese capital of Lisbon. She was the daughter of two clandestine members of the Portuguese Communist Party (PCP), António Dias Lourenço da Silva and Casimira da Conceição Silva, which meant changing homes often and sometimes being left with family friends so that she could go to school. At the age of seven she went to live with the publisher, Francisco Lyon de Castro, and from that time she no longer lived with her parents, although she maintained sporadic contact. In 1946, during the 4th illegal Congress of the PCP, at the age of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Isaura Borges Coelho
Isaura Borges Coelho (1926 - 2019), was a Portuguese nurse and activist. She is known for her efforts in favour of nurses' rights, for which she was imprisoned and tortured by the Portuguese dictatorship's political police. Early years and training Isaura Assunção da Silva Borges Coelho was born in the city of Portimão in the Faro District of Portugal on 20 June 1926. She demonstrated her ability to help others at an early age having, at the age of eleven, saved a girl from drowning in the sea. When she was 16, she avoided a railway accident when she alerted a train to brake, because an animal-drawn vehicle had become stuck at a level crossing. She was then subjected to a lawsuit for delaying the train. After completing school, she studied at a Nursing School, between 1949 and 1952. Professional career and activism Coelho began work in 1952, at the Hospital de Santo António dos Capuchos in Lisbon. There, she witnessed poor working conditions that included thirty mandatory ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Isabel Do Carmo
Isabel do Carmo ComL is a former founder and leader of the Portuguese terrorist organization, Brigadas Revolucionárias (BR), which took part in an armed struggle against the Portuguese government, both before and after the overthrow of the repressive '' Estado Novo'' regime. She was also the founder and leader of Partido Revolucionário do Proletariado (PRP), a political organization never formalized as a party and created to support the BR. She was held in pre-trial prison from 1978 to 1982. Carmo, a doctor and a University professor, has published extensively, on both medical and political issues. Early life Maria Isabel Augusta Cortes do Carmo was born in Barreiro, on the left bank of the River Tagus to the southeast of the Portuguese capital of Lisbon, on 12 September 1940. She took the ferry to go to High School in Lisbon and later graduated from the Faculty of Medicine of the University of Lisbon. As a student and activist in the students' association of the Faculty of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Helena Pato
Helena Pato (born 19 April 1939) was a mathematics teacher, a communist opponent of Portugal's '' Estado Novo'' regime and a union leader. She was one of the founders of the Women's Democratic Movement in opposition to the ''Estado Novo'' and was held as a political prisoner for 6 months. She has authored three books on her experiences at that time and has also written books on education. Early life Maria Helena Martins dos Santos Pato Noales Rodrigues was born in 1939 in Mamarrosa, in the municipality of Oliveira do Bairro in the Aveiro District of Portugal, the daughter of a primary school teacher and an agronomist. She grew up in the Portuguese capital of Lisbon with her parents and twin brothers. At school she recalls being taught and influenced by Maria de Lourdes Pintasilgo, a future Portuguese prime minister. In 1956, she joined the Faculty of Sciences at the University of Lisbon. With left-wing views obtained from her father, and having experienced poverty at first hand wh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Georgette Ferreira
Georgette Ferreira (19252017) was a member of the Central Committee of the Portuguese Communist Party (PCP) from 1950 to 1988 who opposed the '' Estado Novo'' regime and was the first woman to escape from an ''Estado Novo'' political prison. She was a Deputy in the Constituent Assembly of Portugal in 1975 and 1976 and a Deputy in the Assembly of the Republic from 1976 to 1988, on all occasions being elected on the Lisbon list of the PCP. Early life Georgette de Oliveira Ferreira was born in Alhandra in the Portuguese municipality of Vila Franca de Xira on 25 June 1925. A daughter of agricultural workers, she was a sister of Sofia Ferreira who, like Georgette, became a member of the Communist Party. She started working in the fields when she was 8, when living with her godparents. At the age of 16 she returned to the family home, where her mother was very ill, and became a textile worker. She joined the PCP in 1943, and in the same year organized a strike in her factory for an inc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
