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Flavoparmelia Baltimorensis
''Flavoparmelia baltimorensis'', the rock greenshield lichen (from ''Lichens of North America''), is a medium to large foliose lichen with a yellow green upper thallus surface when dry; its lobes are rounded without pseudocyphellae; and the upper surface is covered with globose, pustule-like growths resembling isidia. The lower surface is black with a narrow brown zone at the margins. Chemistry Cortex, PD−, K−, KC+ yellowish, C− (usnic acid). Medulla, PD+ red-orange, K−, KC+ pink, C− ( protocetraric acid, with or without gyrophoric acid). Habitat On rock in shaded or exposed areas. Similar species The very similar ''Flavoparmelia caperata'' usually grows on the bark of trees, but may be found on rock. The granular soredia produced in irregular soralia Soredia are common reproductive structures of lichens. Lichens reproduce asexually by employing simple fragmentation and production of soredia and isidia. Soredia are powdery propagules composed of fungal hyp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gyrophoric Acid
Gyrophoric acid is a depside that can be found in the lichen ''Cryptothecia rubrocincta'' and in ''Xanthoparmelia pokomyi''. It can also be found in most of the species of the '' Actinogyra'', ''Lasallia'', and ''Umbilicaria'' genera Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms as well as viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family. In binomial nomenclat .... See also * Umbilicaric acid References Polyphenols Salicylic acids Salicylate esters Resorcinols {{phenol-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lichens Described In 1931
A lichen ( , ) is a composite organism that arises from algae or cyanobacteria living among filaments of multiple fungi species in a mutualistic relationship.Introduction to Lichens – An Alliance between Kingdoms . University of California Museum of Paleontology. Lichens have properties different from those of their component organisms. They come in many colors, sizes, and forms and are sometimes plant-like, but are not s. They may have tiny, leafless branches (); flat leaf-like structures ( |
Lichen Species
A lichen ( , ) is a composite organism that arises from algae or cyanobacteria living among filaments of multiple fungi species in a mutualistic relationship.Introduction to Lichens – An Alliance between Kingdoms . University of California Museum of Paleontology. Lichens have properties different from those of their component organisms. They come in many colors, sizes, and forms and are sometimes plant-like, but are not s. They may have tiny, leafless branches (); flat leaf-like structures ( |
Parmeliaceae
The Parmeliaceae is a large and diverse family of Lecanoromycetes. With over 2700 species in 71 genera, it is the largest family of lichen-forming fungi. The most speciose genera in the family are the well-known groups: '' Xanthoparmelia'' ( 822 species), ''Usnea'' (355 species), ''Parmotrema'' ( 255 species), and ''Hypotrachyna'' (262 species). Nearly all members of the family have a symbiotic association with a green alga (most often ''Trebouxia'' spp., but '' Asterochloris'' spp. are known to associate with some species).Miadlikowska, J. ''et al.'' (2006). New insights into classification and evolution of the Lecanoromycetes (Pezizomycotina, Ascomycota) from phylogenetic analyses of three ribosomal RNA- and two protein-coding genes. ''Mycologia'' 98: 1088-1103. http://www.mycologia.org/cgi/reprint/98/6/1088.pdf The majority of Parmeliaceae species have a foliose, fruticose, or subfruticose growth form. The morphological diversity and complexity exhibited by this group is en ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Flavopunctelia Soredica
''Flavopunctelia soredica'' is a species of foliose lichen in the family Parmeliaceae. It was first described as ''Parmelia soredica'' by Finnish botanist William Nylander in 1872. In 1982, Hildur Krog transferred it to the subgenus ''Flavopunctelia'' of her newly circumscribed genus ''Punctelia'', created to contain '' Parmelia'' species with punctate (point-like) pseudocyphellae. Mason Hale Mason Ellsworth Hale, Jr. (September 23, 1929 – April 23, 1990) was one of the most prolific lichenologists of the 20th century. Many of his scholarly articles focused on the taxonomy of the family Parmeliaceae. Hale was one of the first liche ... raised this subgenus to generic status a couple of years later. The lichen is colloquially known as the powder-edged speckled greenshield. It is widely distributed, having been recorded from North America, South America, South Africa, India, Russia, China and Japan. References soredica Lichen species Lichens described in 1872 Liche ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Flavopunctelia Flaventior
''Flavopunctelia flaventior'' is a species of foliose lichen in the family Parmeliaceae. It was first formally described as a new species by James Stirton in 1877 as ''Parmelia flaventior''. In 1982, Hildur Krog transferred it to the subgenus ''Flavopunctelia'' of her newly circumscribed genus ''Punctelia'', created to contain '' Parmelia'' species with punctate (point-like) pseudocyphellae. Mason Hale raised this subgenus to generic status a couple of years later, setting ''Flavopunctelia flaventior'' as the type species In zoological nomenclature, a type species (''species typica'') is the species name with which the name of a genus or subgenus is considered to be permanently taxonomically associated, i.e., the species that contains the biological type specimen ... of the new genus. The lichen is commonly known as the speckled greenshield. ''Flavopunctelia flaventior'' occurs in Asia, Europe, East Africa, North America, and South America. References flaventior Liche ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Soralia
Soredia are common reproductive structures of lichens. Lichens reproduce asexually by employing simple fragmentation and production of soredia and isidia. Soredia are powdery propagules composed of fungal hyphae wrapped around cyanobacteria or green algae. These can be either scattered diffusely across the surface of the lichen's thallus Thallus (plural: thalli), from Latinized Greek (), meaning "a green shoot" or "twig", is the vegetative tissue of some organisms in diverse groups such as algae, fungi, some liverworts, lichens, and the Myxogastria. Many of these organisms ..., or produced in localized structures called soralia. Fungal hyphae make up the basic body structure of lichen. The soredia are released through openings in the upper cortex of the lichen structure. After their release, the soredia disperse to establish the lichen in a new location. References Fungal morphology and anatomy Lichenology {{lichen-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Soredia
Soredia are common reproductive structures of lichens. Lichens reproduce asexually by employing simple fragmentation and production of soredia and isidia. Soredia are powdery propagules composed of fungal hyphae wrapped around cyanobacteria or green algae. These can be either scattered diffusely across the surface of the lichen's thallus Thallus (plural: thalli), from Latinized Greek (), meaning "a green shoot" or "twig", is the vegetative tissue of some organisms in diverse groups such as algae, fungi, some liverworts, lichens, and the Myxogastria. Many of these organisms wer ..., or produced in localized structures called soralia. Fungal hyphae make up the basic body structure of lichen. The soredia are released through openings in the upper cortex of the lichen structure. After their release, the soredia disperse to establish the lichen in a new location. References Fungal morphology and anatomy Lichenology {{lichen-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Flavoparmelia Caperata
''Flavoparmelia caperata'', the common greenshield lichen, is a foliose lichen that grows on the bark of trees, and occasionally on rock. Identification ''Flavoparmelia caperata'' is a medium to large foliose lichen that has a very distinctive pale yellow green upper cortex when dry. The rounded lobes, measuring wide, usually have patches of granular soredia arising from pustules. The lobes of the thallus may be smooth, but quite often have a wrinkled appearance especially in older specimens. The lower surface is black except for a brown margin; rhizoids attached to the lower surface are black and unbranched. Similar species The very similar '' Flavoparmelia baltimorensis'' grows mainly on rock and has globose, pustular outgrowths (somewhat similar to isidia) on the upper surface of the lobes, but does not produce granular soredia Soredia are common reproductive structures of lichens. Lichens reproduce asexually by employing simple fragmentation and production of soredia and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
