|
Filoreta Turcica
Reticulosida is an order of Cercozoa that was created by Cavalier-Smith in 2003, but subsequently emended in by Bass et al. in 2009 to include only one monotypic family, the Filoretidae. Taxonomy * Order Reticulosida Cavalier-Smith 2003 emend. Bass et al. 2009 ** Family Filoretidae Cavalier-Smith & Bass 2009 *** Genus ''Filoreta Reticulosida is an order of Cercozoa that was created by Cavalier-Smith in 2003, but subsequently emended in by Bass et al. in 2009 to include only one monotypic In biology, a monotypic taxon is a taxonomic group (taxon) that contains only ...'' Bass & Cavalier-Smith 2009 **** Species '' F. marina'' Bass & Cavalier-Smith 2009 **** Species '' F. tenera'' Bass & Cavalier-Smith 2009 **** Species '' F. turcica'' Bass & Cavalier-Smith 2009 **** Species '' F. japonica'' Bass & Cavalier-Smith 2009 See also * Gymnophryid References Proteomyxidea Cercozoa orders Monotypic SAR supergroup taxa {{Cercozoa-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eukaryota
Eukaryotes () are organisms whose Cell (biology), cells have a cell nucleus, nucleus. All animals, plants, fungi, and many unicellular organisms, are Eukaryotes. They belong to the group of organisms Eukaryota or Eukarya, which is one of the Three-domain system, three domains of life. Bacteria and Archaea (both prokaryotes) make up the other two domains. The eukaryotes are usually now regarded as having emerged in the Archaea or as a sister of the Asgard (archaea), Asgard archaea. This implies that there are only Two-domain system, two domains of life, Bacteria and Archaea, with eukaryotes incorporated among archaea. Eukaryotes represent a small minority of the number of organisms, but, due to their generally much larger size, their collective global biomass (ecology), biomass is estimated to be about equal to that of prokaryotes. Eukaryotes emerged approximately 2.3–1.8 billion years ago, during the Proterozoic eon, likely as Flagellated cell, flagellated phagotrophs. The ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
SAR Supergroup
The SAR supergroup, also just SAR or Harosa, is a clade that includes stramenopiles (heterokonts), alveolates, and Rhizaria. The name is an acronym derived from the first letters of each of these clades; it has been alternatively spelled "RAS". The term "Harosa" (at the subkingdom level) has also been used. The SAR supergroup is a node-based taxon. Note that as a formal taxon, "Sar" has only its first letter capitalized, while the earlier abbreviation, SAR, retains all uppercase letters. Both names refer to the same group of organisms, unless further taxonomic revisions deem otherwise. Members of the SAR supergroup were once included under the separate supergroups Chromalveolata (Chromista and Alveolata) and Rhizaria, until phylogenetic studies confirmed that stramenopiles and alveolates diverged with Rhizaria. This apparently excluded haptophytes and cryptomonads, leading Okamoto ''et al.'' (2009) to propose the clade Hacrobia to accommodate them. Phylogeny Based on a compi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rhizaria
The Rhizaria are an ill-defined but species-rich supergroup of mostly unicellular eukaryotes. Except for the Chlorarachniophytes and three species in the genus Paulinella in the phylum Cercozoa, they are all non-photosynthethic, but many foraminifera and radiolaria have a symbiotic relationship with unicellular algae. A multicellular form, ''Guttulinopsis vulgaris'', a cellular slime mold, has also been described. This group was used by Cavalier-Smith in 2002, although the term "Rhizaria" had been long used for clades within the currently recognized taxon. Being described mainly from rDNA sequences, they vary considerably in form, having no clear morphological distinctive characters (synapomorphies), but for the most part they are amoeboids with filose, reticulose, or microtubule-supported pseudopods. In the absence of an apomorphy, the group is ill-defined, and its composition has been very fluid. Some Rhizaria possess mineral exoskeleton (thecae or loricas), which is in differ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cercozoa
Cercozoa is a phylum of diverse single-celled eukaryotes. They lack shared morphological characteristics at the microscopic level, and are instead defined by molecular phylogenies of rRNA and actin or polyubiquitin. They were the first major eukaryotic group to be recognized mainly through molecular phylogenies. They are the natural predators of many species of microbacteria and Archea. They are closely related to the phylum Retaria, comprising amoeboids that usually have complex shells, and together form a supergroup called Rhizaria. Characteristics The group includes most amoeboids and flagellates that feed by means of filose pseudopods. These may be restricted to part of the cell surface, but there is never a true cytostome or mouth as found in many other protozoa. They show a variety of forms and have proven difficult to define in terms of structural characteristics, although their unity is strongly supported by phylogenetic studies. Diversity Some cercozoans are grouped ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Proteomyxidea
Proteomyxidea is a class of Cercozoa. Although it is known to be paraphyletic In taxonomy, a group is paraphyletic if it consists of the group's last common ancestor and most of its descendants, excluding a few monophyletic subgroups. The group is said to be paraphyletic ''with respect to'' the excluded subgroups. In ..., further research is needed before its classification can be improved. References External links Cercozoa classes {{Cercozoa-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tom Cavalier-Smith
Thomas (Tom) Cavalier-Smith, FRS, FRSC, NERC Professorial Fellow (21 October 1942 – 19 March 2021), was a professor of evolutionary biology in the Department of Zoology, at the University of Oxford. His research has led to discovery of a number of unicellular organisms (protists) and advocated for a variety of major taxonomic groups, such as the Chromista, Chromalveolata, Opisthokonta, Rhizaria, and Excavata. He was known for his systems of classification of all organisms. Life and career Cavalier-Smith was born on 21 October 1942 in London. His parents were Mary Maude (née Bratt) and Alan Hailes Spencer Cavalier Smith. He was educated at Norwich School, Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge (MA) and King's College London (PhD). He was under the supervision of Sir John Randall for his PhD thesis between 1964 and 1967; his thesis was entitled "''Organelle Development in'' Chlamydomonas reinhardii". From 1967 to 1969, Cavalier-Smith was a guest investigat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Order (biology)
Order ( la, wikt:ordo#Latin, ordo) is one of the eight major hierarchical taxonomic ranks in Linnaean taxonomy. It is classified between Family_(biology), family and Class_(biology), class. In biological classification, the order is a taxonomic rank used in the classification of organisms and recognized by the nomenclature codes. An immediately higher rank, superorder, is sometimes added directly above order, with suborder directly beneath order. An order can also be defined as a group of related families. What does and does not belong to each order is determined by a taxonomist, as is whether a particular order should be recognized at all. Often there is no exact agreement, with different taxonomists each taking a different position. There are no hard rules that a taxonomist needs to follow in describing or recognizing an order. Some taxa are accepted almost universally, while others are recognized only rarely. The name of an order is usually written with a capital letter. Fo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Monotypic
In biology, a monotypic taxon is a taxonomic group (taxon) that contains only one immediately subordinate taxon. A monotypic species is one that does not include subspecies or smaller, infraspecific taxa. In the case of genera, the term "unispecific" or "monospecific" is sometimes preferred. In botanical nomenclature, a monotypic genus is a genus in the special case where a genus and a single species are simultaneously described. In contrast, an oligotypic taxon contains more than one but only a very few subordinate taxa. Examples Just as the term ''monotypic'' is used to describe a taxon including only one subdivision, the contained taxon can also be referred to as monotypic within the higher-level taxon, e.g. a genus monotypic within a family. Some examples of monotypic groups are: Plants * In the order Amborellales, there is only one family, Amborellaceae and there is only one genus, '' Amborella'', and in this genus there is only one species, namely ''Amborella trichopoda. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Filoreta
Reticulosida is an order of Cercozoa that was created by Cavalier-Smith in 2003, but subsequently emended in by Bass et al. in 2009 to include only one monotypic In biology, a monotypic taxon is a taxonomic group (taxon) that contains only one immediately subordinate taxon. A monotypic species is one that does not include subspecies or smaller, infraspecific taxa. In the case of genera, the term "unispe ... family, the Filoretidae. Taxonomy * Order Reticulosida Cavalier-Smith 2003 emend. Bass et al. 2009 ** Family Filoretidae Cavalier-Smith & Bass 2009 *** Genus '' Filoreta'' Bass & Cavalier-Smith 2009 **** Species '' F. marina'' Bass & Cavalier-Smith 2009 **** Species '' F. tenera'' Bass & Cavalier-Smith 2009 **** Species '' F. turcica'' Bass & Cavalier-Smith 2009 **** Species '' F. japonica'' Bass & Cavalier-Smith 2009 See also * Gymnophryid References Proteomyxidea Cercozoa orders Monotypic SAR supergroup taxa {{Cercozoa-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Filoreta Marina
Reticulosida is an order of Cercozoa that was created by Cavalier-Smith in 2003, but subsequently emended in by Bass et al. in 2009 to include only one monotypic family, the Filoretidae. Taxonomy * Order Reticulosida Cavalier-Smith 2003 emend. Bass et al. 2009 ** Family Filoretidae Cavalier-Smith & Bass 2009 *** Genus ''Filoreta Reticulosida is an order of Cercozoa that was created by Cavalier-Smith in 2003, but subsequently emended in by Bass et al. in 2009 to include only one monotypic In biology, a monotypic taxon is a taxonomic group (taxon) that contains only ...'' Bass & Cavalier-Smith 2009 **** Species '' F. marina'' Bass & Cavalier-Smith 2009 **** Species '' F. tenera'' Bass & Cavalier-Smith 2009 **** Species '' F. turcica'' Bass & Cavalier-Smith 2009 **** Species '' F. japonica'' Bass & Cavalier-Smith 2009 See also * Gymnophryid References Proteomyxidea Cercozoa orders Monotypic SAR supergroup taxa {{Cercozoa-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Filoreta Tenera
Reticulosida is an order of Cercozoa that was created by Cavalier-Smith in 2003, but subsequently emended in by Bass et al. in 2009 to include only one monotypic family, the Filoretidae. Taxonomy * Order Reticulosida Cavalier-Smith 2003 emend. Bass et al. 2009 ** Family Filoretidae Cavalier-Smith & Bass 2009 *** Genus ''Filoreta Reticulosida is an order of Cercozoa that was created by Cavalier-Smith in 2003, but subsequently emended in by Bass et al. in 2009 to include only one monotypic In biology, a monotypic taxon is a taxonomic group (taxon) that contains only ...'' Bass & Cavalier-Smith 2009 **** Species '' F. marina'' Bass & Cavalier-Smith 2009 **** Species '' F. tenera'' Bass & Cavalier-Smith 2009 **** Species '' F. turcica'' Bass & Cavalier-Smith 2009 **** Species '' F. japonica'' Bass & Cavalier-Smith 2009 See also * Gymnophryid References Proteomyxidea Cercozoa orders Monotypic SAR supergroup taxa {{Cercozoa-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Filoreta Turcica
Reticulosida is an order of Cercozoa that was created by Cavalier-Smith in 2003, but subsequently emended in by Bass et al. in 2009 to include only one monotypic family, the Filoretidae. Taxonomy * Order Reticulosida Cavalier-Smith 2003 emend. Bass et al. 2009 ** Family Filoretidae Cavalier-Smith & Bass 2009 *** Genus ''Filoreta Reticulosida is an order of Cercozoa that was created by Cavalier-Smith in 2003, but subsequently emended in by Bass et al. in 2009 to include only one monotypic In biology, a monotypic taxon is a taxonomic group (taxon) that contains only ...'' Bass & Cavalier-Smith 2009 **** Species '' F. marina'' Bass & Cavalier-Smith 2009 **** Species '' F. tenera'' Bass & Cavalier-Smith 2009 **** Species '' F. turcica'' Bass & Cavalier-Smith 2009 **** Species '' F. japonica'' Bass & Cavalier-Smith 2009 See also * Gymnophryid References Proteomyxidea Cercozoa orders Monotypic SAR supergroup taxa {{Cercozoa-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
