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Federation Of The National Education
The Federation of the National Education (''Fédération de l'Education nationale'' or FEN) was a French federation of teaching unions. It succeeded the General Federation of Teaching (''Fédération générale de l'enseignement'') founded in 1929 and affiliated to the General Confederation of Labour (''Confédération générale du travail'' or CGT). After World War II the CGT split, and the reformist wing created Workers' Force. In 1948, the teaching federation voted to leave the CGT and become independent. A minority of members retained dual membership with the CGT, and formed a new CGT Federation of Education. The FEN was dominated by the group called "Unity, independence and democracy" close to the Socialists. The minority groups were "Unity and action", influenced by the Communists, and "Emancipated school" close to the far left. The FEN was nicknamed the "fortress of teachers" and advocated secular education. Its power and mobilization capacity were dreaded b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Trade Union
A trade union (labor union in American English), often simply referred to as a union, is an organization of workers intent on "maintaining or improving the conditions of their employment", ch. I such as attaining better wages and benefits (such as holiday, health care, and retirement), improving working conditions, improving safety standards, establishing complaint procedures, developing rules governing status of employees (rules governing promotions, just-cause conditions for termination) and protecting the integrity of their trade through the increased bargaining power wielded by solidarity among workers. Trade unions typically fund their head office and legal team functions through regularly imposed fees called ''union dues''. The delegate staff of the trade union representation in the workforce are usually made up of workplace volunteers who are often appointed by members in democratic elections. The trade union, through an elected leadership and bargaining committee, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Trade Union Centers Of France
National may refer to: Common uses * Nation or country ** Nationality – a ''national'' is a person who is subject to a nation, regardless of whether the person has full rights as a citizen Places in the United States * National, Maryland, census-designated place * National, Nevada, ghost town * National, Utah, ghost town * National, West Virginia, unincorporated community Commerce * National (brand), a brand name of electronic goods from Panasonic * National Benzole (or simply known as National), former petrol station chain in the UK, merged with BP * National Car Rental, an American rental car company * National Energy Systems, a former name of Eco Marine Power * National Entertainment Commission, a former name of the Media Rating Council * National Motor Vehicle Company, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA 1900-1924 * National Supermarkets, a defunct American grocery store chain * National String Instrument Corporation, a guitar company formed to manufacture the first resonator g ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Education Trade Unions
The following is an alphabetical list of education trade unions: __NOTOC__ A * NEA-Alaska * Alliance of Concerned Teachers (Philippines) * Alabama Education Association State Affiliate of the National Education Association. * American Association of University Professors * American Federation of Teachers * Arizona Education Association * Arkansas Education Association * Association of Secondary Teachers, Ireland * Association of Teachers and Lecturers * Association of University Teachers * Australian Education Union * All ceylon union of Government English teachers * All ceylon union of teachers * All Primary Teachers Association B * British Columbia Teachers' Federation C * California School Employees Association * California Teachers Association * Ceylon Teachers Service Union * Chicago Teachers Union * Cincinnati Federation of Teachers * Colorado Education Association * Communications Workers of America * Connecticut Education Association * Ceylon Independent teachers ser ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
André Henry
André Henry (born 15 October 1934) is a French politician. He served as Minister of Free Time from 1981 to 1983, under former President François Mitterrand.Claire Frances Ullman, ''The welfare state's other crisis: explaining the new partnership between nonprofit organizations and the state in France'', Bloomington, Indiana: Indiana University Press, 1998, p. 10/ref>David L. Looseley, ''The Politics of Fun: Cultural Policy and Debate in Contemporary France'', Berg, 1997, p.7/ref>Frank R. Baumgartner, ''Conflict and Rhetoric in French Policymaking'', Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania: University of Pittsburgh Press, 1989 p. 3/ref> Biography He was a trade unionist for the Federation for National Education.Frank Lee Wilson, ''Interest-group politics in France'', Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press, 1987, p. 8/ref> From 1981 to 1983, he served as Minister of Free Time. In this capacity, he developed non-profit organization A nonprofit organization (NPO) or non-profit organ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Union Nationale Des Syndicats Autonomes
The National Union of Autonomous Trade Unions (french: Union nationale des syndicats autonomes, UNSA) is one of the French confederations of trade unions, but they do not have the ''présomption irréfragable de représentativité'' of the General Confederation of Labour (CGT), French Democratic Confederation of Labour (CFDT), Workers' Force (CGT-FO), French Confederation of Christian Workers (CFTC) and French Confederation of Management – General Confederation of Executives (CFE-CGC). Profile The UNSA wishes to gather the reformist unions, founded on independence and dialogue with employers. However, the UNSA is not strongly implanted everywhere in France, and received most votes from the white-collar workers and the engineers. The UNSA challenges the entrenched leadership of the reformist unions: the CFDT, CFTC and CFE-CGC, though the UNSA often co-operates with these unions. Professional elections The UNSA won 6.25% of the vote in the employee's college during the 2008 p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Civil Servant
The civil service is a collective term for a sector of government composed mainly of career civil servants hired on professional merit rather than appointed or elected, whose institutional tenure typically survives transitions of political leadership. A civil servant, also known as a public servant, is a person employed in the public sector by a government department or agency for public sector undertakings. Civil servants work for central and state governments, and answer to the government, not a political party. The extent of civil servants of a state as part of the "civil service" varies from country to country. In the United Kingdom (UK), for instance, only Crown (national government) employees are referred to as "civil servants" whereas employees of local authorities (counties, cities and similar administrations) are generally referred to as "local government civil service officers", who are considered public servants but not civil servants. Thus, in the UK, a civil servant is ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Secular Education
Secular education is a system of public education in countries with a secular government or separation between religion and state. An example of a secular educational system would be the French public educational system, where conspicuous religious symbols have been banned in schools. While some religious groups are hostile to secularism and see such measures as promoting atheism, other citizens claim that the display of any religious symbol constitutes an infringement of the separation of church and state and a discrimination against atheist, agnostic and non-religious people. Actions and controversies *In Turkey the promotion of Imam Hatip Islamic schools by the government following the March 2012 education reform bill, allegedly alarmed some Turkish citizens. The Education Reform Bill was written without public debate or even discussion in the Ministry of National Education's own consultative body; it did not even figure in the government’s 2011 election manifesto. Besi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
General Federation Of Teaching
A general officer is an officer of high rank in the armies, and in some nations' air forces, space forces, and marines or naval infantry. In some usages the term "general officer" refers to a rank above colonel."general, adj. and n.". OED Online. March 2021. Oxford University Press. https://www.oed.com/view/Entry/77489?rskey=dCKrg4&result=1 (accessed May 11, 2021) The term ''general'' is used in two ways: as the generic title for all grades of general officer and as a specific rank. It originates in the 16th century, as a shortening of ''captain general'', which rank was taken from Middle French ''capitaine général''. The adjective ''general'' had been affixed to officer designations since the late medieval period to indicate relative superiority or an extended jurisdiction. Today, the title of ''general'' is known in some countries as a four-star rank. However, different countries use different systems of stars or other insignia for senior ranks. It has a NATO rank scal ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Communists
Communism (from Latin la, communis, lit=common, universal, label=none) is a far-left sociopolitical, philosophical, and economic ideology and current within the socialist movement whose goal is the establishment of a communist society, a socioeconomic order centered around common ownership of the means of production, distribution, and exchange which allocates products to everyone in the society.: "One widespread distinction was that socialism socialised production only while communism socialised production and consumption." Communist society also involves the absence of private property, social classes, money, and the state. Communists often seek a voluntary state of self-governance, but disagree on the means to this end. This reflects a distinction between a more libertarian approach of communization, revolutionary spontaneity, and workers' self-management, and a more vanguardist or communist party-driven approach through the development of a constitutional socialist state f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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