Fabrika Reznog Alata
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Fabrika Reznog Alata
Fabrika reznog alata (abbr. FRA; full legal name: ''Akcionarsko društvo Fabrika reznog alata Čačak'') is a Serbian tool manufacturing company, which is in bankruptcy procedure since October 2021. Its headquarters is in Čačak, Serbia. With around 480 employees as of 2020, it was one of the largest employers at the time in Čačak and Moravica District. History Founded on 1 June 1953, the company originally focused on the production of carvers and taps. Since 1960, the company expanded its production to other threading tools, and tools for working openings and cutters. In the 1970s, the company was reorganized, and new production programs were established for particular types of tools and plants for production services. In May 1993, the company was at its peak of production, with more than 3350 employees. Due to the breakup of Yugoslavia and the sanctions A sanction may be either a permission or a restriction, depending upon context, as the word is an auto-antonym. Examples ...
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Joint-stock Company
A joint-stock company is a business entity in which shares of the company's capital stock, stock can be bought and sold by shareholders. Each shareholder owns company stock in proportion, evidenced by their share (finance), shares (certificates of ownership). Shareholders are able to transfer their shares to others without any effects to the continued existence of the company. In modern-day corporate law, the existence of a joint-stock company is often synonymous with incorporation (business), incorporation (possession of legal personality separate from shareholders) and limited liability (shareholders are liable for the company's debts only to the value of the money they have invested in the company). Therefore, joint-stock companies are commonly known as corporations or limited company, limited companies. Some jurisdiction (area), jurisdictions still provide the possibility of registering joint-stock companies without limited liability. In the United Kingdom and in other count ...
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Moravica District
The Moravica District ( sr, / , ) is one of eight administrative districts of Šumadija and Western Serbia. It is located in the central and south-western parts of Serbia. The name ''Moravica'' derives from the river Moravica, which forms the West Morava, both passing through the district. According to the 2011 census results, it had a population of 212,603. The administrative center of the Moravica district is the city of Čačak. Municipalities The district encompasses of the 3 municipalities and the city of Čačak: * Gornji Milanovac * Lučani * Ivanjica Demographics According to the last official census done in 2011, the Moravica District had 212,603 inhabitants. 53.8% of the population lived in the urban areas. Ethnic groups Ethnic composition of the Moravica district: Culture In the monuments heritage of Čačak a special place is taken by the religious building: monasteries and churches. The ten monasteries of the Ovčarsko-Kablarska Gorge are referred to as the Ser ...
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Industrial Tool Manufacturers
Industrial may refer to: Industry * Industrial archaeology, the study of the history of the industry * Industrial engineering, engineering dealing with the optimization of complex industrial processes or systems * Industrial city, a city dominated by one or more industries * Industrial loan company, a financial institution in the United States that lends money, and may be owned by non-financial institutions * Industrial organization, a field that builds on the theory of the firm by examining the structure and boundaries between firms and markets * Industrial Revolution, the development of industry in the 18th and 19th centuries * Industrial society, a society that has undergone industrialization * Industrial technology, a broad field that includes designing, building, optimizing, managing and operating industrial equipment, and predesignated as acceptable for industrial uses, like factories * Industrial video, a video that targets “industry” as its primary audience * Industrial ...
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Manufacturing Companies Established In 1953
Manufacturing is the creation or production of goods with the help of equipment, labor, machines, tools, and chemical or biological processing or formulation. It is the essence of secondary sector of the economy. The term may refer to a range of human activity, from handicraft to high-tech, but it is most commonly applied to industrial design, in which raw materials from the primary sector are transformed into finished goods on a large scale. Such goods may be sold to other manufacturers for the production of other more complex products (such as aircraft, household appliances, furniture, sports equipment or automobiles), or distributed via the tertiary industry to end users and consumers (usually through wholesalers, who in turn sell to retailers, who then sell them to individual customers). Manufacturing engineering is the field of engineering that designs and optimizes the manufacturing process, or the steps through which raw materials are transformed into a final product. T ...
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Companies Based In Čačak
A company, abbreviated as co., is a legal entity representing an association of people, whether natural, legal or a mixture of both, with a specific objective. Company members share a common purpose and unite to achieve specific, declared goals. Companies take various forms, such as: * voluntary associations, which may include nonprofit organizations * business entities, whose aim is generating profit * financial entities and banks * programs or educational institutions A company can be created as a legal person so that the company itself has limited liability as members perform or fail to discharge their duty according to the publicly declared incorporation, or published policy. When a company closes, it may need to be liquidated to avoid further legal obligations. Companies may associate and collectively register themselves as new companies; the resulting entities are often known as corporate groups. Meanings and definitions A company can be defined as an "artificial pe ...
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Belgrade Stock Exchange
The Belgrade Stock Exchange (abbr. BELEX, sr, Београдска берза, Beogradska berza) is a stock exchange based in Belgrade, Serbia. The Stock exchange was founded in 1894 in the Kingdom of Serbia, after the King proclaimed the Stock exchange law of 1886. Currently, the Belgrade Stock Exchange is a full member of Federation of Euro-Asian Stock Exchanges (FEAS) and an associate member of Federation of European Securities Exchanges (FESE). History The first ideas about establishing an institution which would control the movement of the value of money appeared in Serbia in the 1830s. The Serbian Trading Association, important for the development of the entire Serbian economy, initiated the passing of the Stock Exchange Law. The national Assembly adopted the Law on 3. November 1886, and the Law was proclaimed by the then King of Serbia Milan M. Obrenović. Several years later, on 21. November 1894, in "Građanska kasina" the Belgrade Stock Exchange held its Founding A ...
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Over-the-counter (finance)
Over-the-counter (OTC) or off-exchange trading or pink sheet trading is done directly between two parties, without the supervision of an exchange (organized market), exchange. It is contrasted with exchange trading, which occurs via exchanges. A stock exchange has the benefit of facilitating liquidity, providing transparency, and maintaining the current market price. In an OTC trade, the price is not necessarily publicly disclosed. OTC trading, as well as exchange trading, occurs with commodities, financial instruments (including stocks), and derivative (finance), derivatives of such products. Products traded traditional stock exchanges, and other regulated bourse platforms, must be well standardized. This means that exchanged deliverables match a narrow range of quantity, quality, and identity which is defined by the exchange and identical to all transactions of that product. This is necessary for there to be transparency in stock exchange-based equities trading. The OTC ...
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United Nations Security Council Resolution 757
United Nations Security Council resolution 757 was adopted on 30 May 1992. After reaffirming resolutions 713 (1991), 721 (1991), 724 (1991), 727 (1992), 740 (1992) 743 (1992), 749 (1992) and 752 (1992), the Council condemned the failure of the authorities in the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (Serbia and Montenegro) to implement Resolution 752. After demanding the Croatian Army respect the article 4 of the Resolution 752, the Council stated that all states should abide by the following rules, until Resolution 752 had been implemented. It demanded that all Member States should: :(a) prevent the import of all products and commodities from Yugoslavia or any activities by their nationals to promote such exports; :(b) prevent the sale of all products and commodities to Yugoslavia, except for humanitarian need; :(c) not make available any commercial, industrial, or public utility, funds or financial resources to Yugoslavia; :(d) deny permission to aircraft to take off from, land or ...
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Breakup Of Yugoslavia
The breakup of Yugoslavia occurred as a result of a series of political upheavals and conflicts during the early 1990s. After a period of political and economic crisis in the 1980s, constituent republics of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia split apart, but the unresolved issues caused bitter inter-ethnic Yugoslav wars. The wars primarily affected Bosnia and Herzegovina, neighbouring parts of Croatia and, some years later, Kosovo. After the Allied victory in World War II, Yugoslavia was set up as a federation of six republics, with borders drawn along ethnic and historical lines: Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Macedonia, Montenegro, Serbia, and Slovenia. In addition, two autonomous provinces were established within Serbia: Vojvodina and Kosovo. Each of the republics had its own branch of the League of Communists of Yugoslavia party and a ruling elite, and any tensions were solved on the federal level. The Yugoslav model of state organisation, as well as a "middle ...
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Types Of Business Entity
A business entity is an entity that is formed and administered as per corporate law in order to engage in business activities, charitable work, or other activities allowable. Most often, business entities are formed to sell a product or a service. There are many types of business entities defined in the legal systems of various countries. These include corporations, cooperatives, partnerships, sole traders, limited liability companies and other specifically permitted and labelled types of entities. The specific rules vary by country and by state or province. Some of these types are listed below, by country. For guidance, approximate equivalents in the company law of English-speaking countries are given in most cases, for example: *private company limited by shares or Ltd. (UK, Ireland and the Commonwealth) *public limited company (UK, Ireland and the Commonwealth) *limited partnership *general partnership *chartered company *statutory corporation *state-owned enterprise *holding ...
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Manufacturing
Manufacturing is the creation or production of goods with the help of equipment, labor, machines, tools, and chemical or biological processing or formulation. It is the essence of secondary sector of the economy. The term may refer to a range of human activity, from handicraft to high-tech, but it is most commonly applied to industrial design, in which raw materials from the primary sector are transformed into finished goods on a large scale. Such goods may be sold to other manufacturers for the production of other more complex products (such as aircraft, household appliances, furniture, sports equipment or automobiles), or distributed via the tertiary industry to end users and consumers (usually through wholesalers, who in turn sell to retailers, who then sell them to individual customers). Manufacturing engineering is the field of engineering that designs and optimizes the manufacturing process, or the steps through which raw materials are transformed into a final p ...
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Euro
The euro ( symbol: €; code: EUR) is the official currency of 19 out of the member states of the European Union (EU). This group of states is known as the eurozone or, officially, the euro area, and includes about 340 million citizens . The euro is divided into 100 cents. The currency is also used officially by the institutions of the European Union, by four European microstates that are not EU members, the British Overseas Territory of Akrotiri and Dhekelia, as well as unilaterally by Montenegro and Kosovo. Outside Europe, a number of special territories of EU members also use the euro as their currency. Additionally, over 200 million people worldwide use currencies pegged to the euro. As of 2013, the euro is the second-largest reserve currency as well as the second-most traded currency in the world after the United States dollar. , with more than €1.3 trillion in circulation, the euro has one of the highest combined values of banknotes and coins in c ...
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