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FIES Echelle Spectrograph
FIES (, meaning "Files of Inmates under Special Monitoring") is a restrictive Spanish prison regime which involves 22 hours of solitary confinement every day. After first being imposed on those convicted of terrorism or membership of armed groups such as ETA, it was extended to particularly violent prisoners and major drug traffickers. FIES has been criticised for being applied to prisoners who have not committed offences covered by the regime. Regime The FIES regime (, meaning "Files of Inmates under Special Monitoring") places prisoners into a restrictive system which involves 22 hours of solitary confinement every day, monitoring of all communications without judicial oversight and frequent changes of both cell and prison. FIES was first mentioned in 1989 in a circular which advised placing prisoners who were convicted of terrorism or membership of armed groups into the regime; two years later it was extended to include particularly violent prisoners and major drug trafficker ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Solitary Confinement
Solitary confinement is a form of imprisonment in which the inmate lives in a single cell with little or no meaningful contact with other people. A prison may enforce stricter measures to control contraband on a solitary prisoner and use additional security equipment in comparison to the general population. Solitary confinement is a punitive tool within the prison system to discipline or separate disruptive prison inmates who are security risks to other inmates, the prison staff, or the prison itself. However, solitary confinement is also used to protect inmates whose safety is threatened by other inmates by separating them from the general population. In a 2017 review, "a robust scientific literature has established the negative psychological effects of solitary confinement", leading to "an emerging consensus among correctional as well as professional, mental health, legal, and human rights organizations to drastically limit the use of solitary confinement." The United Nations ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Canary Islands
The Canary Islands (; es, Canarias, ), also known informally as the Canaries, are a Spanish autonomous community and archipelago in the Atlantic Ocean, in Macaronesia. At their closest point to the African mainland, they are west of Morocco. They are the southernmost of the autonomous communities of Spain. The islands have a population of 2.2 million people and they are the most populous special territory of the European Union. The seven main islands are (from largest to smallest in area) Tenerife, Fuerteventura, Gran Canaria, Lanzarote, La Palma, La Gomera, and El Hierro. The archipelago includes many smaller islands and islets, including La Graciosa, Alegranza, Isla de Lobos, Montaña Clara, Roque del Oeste, and Roque del Este. It also includes a number of rocks, including those of Salmor, Fasnia, Bonanza, Garachico, and Anaga. In ancient times, the island chain was often referred to as "the Fortunate Isles". The Canary Islands are the southernmost region of Spain, and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Article 41-bis Prison Regime
In Italian law, Article 41-bis of the Prison Administration Act, also known as carcere duro ("hard prison regime"), is a provision that allows the Minister of Justice or the Minister of the Interior to suspend certain prison regulations. Currently it is used against people imprisoned for particular crimes: Mafia-type association under 416-bis (''Associazione di tipo mafioso''), drug trafficking, homicide, aggravated robbery and extortion, kidnapping, terrorism, and attempting to subvert the constitutional system.Long Distance Proceedings Through Videoconference: The Italian Experience , Ministry of Justice (Italy) at the Tenth |
Embezzlement
Embezzlement is a crime that consists of withholding assets for the purpose of conversion of such assets, by one or more persons to whom the assets were entrusted, either to be held or to be used for specific purposes. Embezzlement is a type of financial fraud. For example, a lawyer might embezzle funds from the trust accounts of their clients; a financial advisor might embezzle the funds of investors; and a husband or a wife might embezzle funds from a bank account jointly held with the spouse. The term "embezzlement" is often used in informal speech to mean theft of money, usually from an organization or company such as an employer. Embezzlement is usually a premeditated crime, performed methodically, with precautions that conceal the criminal conversion of the property, which occurs without the knowledge or consent of the affected person. Often it involves the trusted individual embezzling only a small proportion of the total of the funds or resources they receive or co ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rodrigo Rato
Rodrigo de Rato y Figaredo (born 18 March 1949) is a Spanish politician who served in the Council of Ministers from 1996 to 2004. He also served as the ninth managing director of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) from 2004 to 2007 and the president of Bankia from 2010 to 2012. Rato was arrested on 16 April 2015 for alleged fraud, embezzlement and money laundering. His case was still awaiting trial a year later when his name appeared in the Panama Papers. Despite his prior assurances that he did not own companies in tax havens, apparently he used two offshore companies to avoid taxes on millions of euros kept overseas. It has been alleged that he owes taxes to both the Spanish and Panamanian governments. On 23 February 2017, Rato was found guilty of embezzlement and sentenced to 4½ years' imprisonment. In September 2018, the sentence was confirmed by the Supreme Court of Spain., and Rato entered prison on 25 October 2018. Early life and education Rodrigo de Rato was born i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kurdistan Workers' Party
The Kurdistan Workers' Party or PKK is a Kurdish militant political organization and armed guerrilla movement, which historically operated throughout Kurdistan, but is now primarily based in the mountainous Kurdish-majority regions of southeastern Turkey and northern Iraq. Since 1984, the PKK has utilized asymmetric warfare in the Kurdish–Turkish conflict (with several ceasefires between 1993 and 2013–2015). Although the PKK once sought an independent Kurdish state, in the 1990s its aims shifted toward autonomy and increased rights for Kurds within Turkey. The PKK is designated as a terrorist organization by Turkey, the United States, the EU and some other countries; however, the labeling of the PKK as a terrorist organization is controversial, and some analysts and organizations contend that the PKK no longer engages in organized terrorist activities or systemically targets civilians. Turkey has often viewed the demand for education in Kurdish language as supportin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marxist–Leninist Party (Communist Reconstruction)
Marxist–Leninist Party (Communist Reconstruction) ( es, Partido Marxista-Leninista (Reconstrucción Comunista), originally es, Reconstrucción Comunista, RC) is a Marxist–Leninist political party operating in Spain, officially registered since 2014. History The party's trajectory began in 2009 under the name of Communist Reconstruction (Spanish: ''Reconstrucción Comunista''). It was formed by communists who were active in other organisations and decided to form their own independent organisation. Its first Congress was held in 2011, in which open criticism of the communist movement in Spain is already on record, especially in relation to internal democracy and the militant culture of the most influential communist parties in the country. Its main activity at that time was limited to the province of Madrid, and was based mainly on student unionism in the universities, communist training, support for the Kurdish community and activism against the Turkish government of Erdogan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Iñaki Bilbao Goikoetxea
Iñaki is a male given name. It is a neologism created by Sabino Arana meaning ''Ignatius'', to be a Basque language analog to "Ignacio" in Spanish, "Ignace" in French, and "Ignazio" in Italian, and an alternative to the names Eneko and Iñigo. Notable people * Iñaki Anasagasti - Spanish politician * Iñaki Astiz Ventura - Spanish footballer * Iñaki Azkuna - Spanish politician and former mayor of Bilbao * Iñaki Bea Jauregi - Spanish footballer * Iñaki Bonillas - Mexican artist * Iñaki de Juana Chaos - Spanish separatist * Iñaki Descarga - Spanish footballer * Iñaki Egaña - Spanish musician * Iñaki Gabilondo - Spanish journalist * Iñaki Gastón - Spanish cyclist * Iñaki Goitia Peña - Spanish footballer * Iñaki Isasi - Spanish cyclist * Iñaki Lafuente - Spanish footballer * Iñaki Mallona Txertudi - Puerto Rican Roman Catholic bishop * Iñaki Muñoz - Spanish footballer * Iñaki Ochoa de Olza - Spanish mountain climber *Iñaki Peña, Footballer * Iñaki Plaza Mur ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
ETA (separatist Group)
ETA, an acronym for Euskadi Ta Askatasuna ("Basque Homeland and Liberty"ETA BASQUE ORGANIZATION Encyclopaedia Britannica 20 October 2011 or "Basque Country and Freedom"), was an armed Basque nationalism, Basque nationalist and far left separatism, separatist organization in the Basque Country (greater region), Basque Country (in northern Spain and southwestern France). The group was founded in 1959 and later evolved from a group promoting traditional Basque culture to a paramilitary group engaged in a violent campaign of bombing, assassinations, and kidnappings in the Southern Basque Country and throughout Spanish territory. Its goal was gaining independence for the Basque Country. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Navarre
Navarre (; es, Navarra ; eu, Nafarroa ), officially the Chartered Community of Navarre ( es, Comunidad Foral de Navarra, links=no ; eu, Nafarroako Foru Komunitatea, links=no ), is a foral autonomous community and province in northern Spain, bordering the Basque Autonomous Community, La Rioja, and Aragon in Spain and Nouvelle-Aquitaine in France. The capital city is Pamplona ( eu, Iruña). The present-day province makes up the majority of the territory of the medieval Kingdom of Navarre, a long-standing Pyrenean kingdom that occupied lands on both sides of the western Pyrenees, with its northernmost part, Lower Navarre, located in the southwest corner of France. Navarre is in the transition zone between Green Spain and semi-arid interior areas, and thus its landscapes vary widely across the region. Being in a transition zone also produces a highly variable climate, with summers that are a mix of cooler spells and heat waves, and winters that are mild for the latitude. Navarr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
