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Extinct Languages Of South America
This is a partial list of extinct languages of South America, languages which have undergone language death, have no native speakers and no spoken descendant. There are 176 languages listed. Argentina * Abipón *Chané * Cacán * Het * All languages of the Charruan family, as Chaná and Güenoa * Henia-Camiare *Huarpe languages: Allentiac and Millcayac * Lule *Ona * Puelche * Tehuelche * Tonocoté Bolivia * Canichana * Cayubaba * Chane * Itene *Saraveca * Sirinó Brazil * Acroá * Arara * Arawá * Aroã * Guana * Kaimbé * Kamakan *Kamba * Kambiwá * Kanoé *Kapinawá * Kariri-Xocó * Maritsauá * Nukuini * Oti * Otuke * Pankararé * Paranawát * Pataxó-Hãhaãi *Potiguara *Puri *Tapeba * Tingui-Boto * Truká * Tukumanféd * Turiwara * Tuxá * Tuxinawa * Uamué * Umotina * Wakoná * Wasu * Wiraféd * Xakriabá * Yabaâna Chile * Kakauhua * Chono *Selk'nam Colombia * Aarufi * Andaqui * Anserma * Arma-Pozo * Atanque * Atunceta * Barbacoas *Calamari *Chibcha * Chitarer ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
South America - Blue Marble Orthographic
South is one of the cardinal directions or Points of the compass, compass points. The direction is the opposite of north and is perpendicular to both east and west. Etymology The word ''south'' comes from Old English ''sūþ'', from earlier Proto-Germanic language, Proto-Germanic ''*sunþaz'' ("south"), possibly related to the same Proto-Indo-European language, Proto-Indo-European root that the word ''sun'' derived from. Some languages describe south in the same way, from the fact that it is the direction of the sun at noon (in the Northern Hemisphere), like Latin meridies 'noon, south' (from medius 'middle' + dies 'day', cf English meridional), while others describe south as the right-hand side of the rising sun, like Biblical Hebrew תֵּימָן teiman 'south' from יָמִין yamin 'right', Aramaic תַּימנַא taymna from יָמִין yamin 'right' and Syriac ܬܰܝܡܢܳܐ taymna from ܝܰܡܝܺܢܳܐ yamina (hence the name of Yemen, the land to the south/right of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lule Language
Lule is an indigenous language of northern Argentina. Lule may be extinct today. Campbell (1997) writes that in 1981 there was an unconfirmed report that Lule is still spoken by 5 families in Resistencia in east-central Chaco Province. It is unclear if it is the same language as ''Tonocoté''. Varieties Unattested varieties classified by Loukotka (1968) as part of the Lule language cluster. *Tonocoté - once spoken on the Bermejo River near Concepción, Chaco. *Isistiné - once spoken on the Salado River near San Juan de Valbuena, Chaco. *Oristine - once spoken on the Salado River near San Juan de Valbuena, Chaco. *Toquistiné - once spoken on the Salado River near Miraflores. *Matará / Amulahí - once spoken near the city of the same name on the Salado River. *Jurí - extinct language of an agricultural tribe that lived on the Hondo and Salado Rivers, province of Santiago del Estero. The last survivors now speak only a Quechua dialect. Genetic relations Lule appears to be ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arawá Language
Arawá ( Aruá) is an extinct language of Brazil Brazil ( pt, Brasil; ), officially the Federative Republic of Brazil (Portuguese: ), is the largest country in both South America and Latin America. At and with over 217 million people, Brazil is the world's fifth-largest country by area .... The people were wiped out by introduced measles, and the last speaker died in 1877. All that survives is a word list from 1869. References Languages of Brazil Extinct languages of South America Languages extinct in the 1870s {{indigenousAmerican-lang-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mato Grosso Arára Language
Mato Grosso Arára (also disambiguated as ''Arara do Beiradão'' or ''Arara do Rio Branco'', and also known as ''Koaiá ~ Koayá'' or ''Yugapkatã''Ramirez, Henri. 2010Etnônimos e topônimos no Madeira (séculos XVI-XX): um sem-número de equívocos ''Revista Brasileira de Linguística Antropológica'' v. 2 n. 2, p. 179-224.PDF) is an extinct unclassified language of Brazil. The ethnic population that spoke the language numbers about 150. Classification The language is unclassified, with no known connections to established families. It is attested in a single word list, which shows it is neither Tupian nor Arawakan. Four people remembered the language in 2001, and two in 2008, but none were fluent speakers. Jolkesky (2010) notes some lexical similarities with Tupian.Jolkesky, Marcelo. 2010. Arara do Rio Branco e o tronco Tupí'. Vocabulary The following vocabulary list was collected in 2011 by Inês Hargreaves from two Arara groups in the north of the Parque Aripuanã, Ron ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Acroá Language
Acroá (Acroá-mirim) is an extinct Akuwẽ (Central Jê) language ( Jê, Macro-Jê) of Brazil. It was spoken by the Acroá people around the headwaters of the Parnaíba and of the Paranaíba in Bahia, who were later settled in the missions of São José do Duro (Formiga) and in São José de Mossâmedes. The language went extinct before it could be documented; it is only known through a short wordlist collected by Carl Friedrich Philipp von Martius Carl Friedrich Philipp (Karl Friedrich Philipp) von Martius (17 April 1794 – 13 December 1868) was a German botanist and explorer. Life Martius was born at Erlangen, the son of Prof Ernst Wilhelm Martius, court apothecary. He graduated PhD f .... References External links OLAC resources in and about the Acroá language Jê languages Extinct languages of South America Languages of Brazil {{Macro-Jê-lang-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sirionó Language
Sirionó (Mbia Cheë; also written as Mbya, Siriono) is a Tupian (Tupi–Guarani, Subgroup II) language spoken by about 400 Sirionó people (50 are monolingual) and 120 Yuqui in eastern Bolivia (eastern Beni and northwestern Santa Cruz departments) in the village of Ibiato (Eviato) and along the Río Blanco in farms and ranches. Phonology Sirionó has phonemic contrasts between front, central, and back, close and mid vowels, i.e. Notes References * Firestone, Homer L. (1965). ''Description and Classification of Sirionó''. London: Mouton. * Holmberg, Allan. (1958). The Sirionó. In J. Steward (Ed.), ''Handbook of South American Indians: The Tropical Forest Tribes'' (Vol. 3, pp. 455–463. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office. * Holmberg, Allan. (1969). ''Nomads of the Long Bow: The Sirionó of Eastern Bolivia'' (rev. ed.). Garden City, NY: Natural History Press. * Ingham, John M. (1971). Are the Siriono Raw or Cooked? ''American Anthropologist'', ''73 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Saraveca Language
Saraveca is an extinct Arawakan language once spoken in Bolivia by the Sarave. It is saidEncyclopædia Britannica, "Numerals and numeral systems". to be the only language with a numeral system based exclusively on five, although quinary systems exist. To some extent this is also an areal feature of other South America South America is a continent entirely in the Western Hemisphere and mostly in the Southern Hemisphere, with a relatively small portion in the Northern Hemisphere at the northern tip of the continent. It can also be described as the southe ...n languages; many form their numbers 6–9 as "five + one", "five + two" and so on. References Languages of Bolivia Languages of Argentina Extinct languages of South America Arawakan languages Mamoré–Guaporé linguistic area {{Arawakan-lang-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Itene Language
Itene (Moré) is a Chapacuran language of Bolivia. See also * Wariʼ language, the only vibrant language in the same language family, spoken in Rondônia Rondônia () is one of the 26 states of Brazil, located in the northern subdivision of the country (central-western part). To the west is a short border with the state of Acre, to the north is the state of Amazonas, in the east is Mato Grosso, ..., Brazil * Coordinadora de las Naciones Indígenas del Mamoré Occidental References Chapacuran languages Endangered Chapacuran languages {{Na-lang-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chane Language
Chane may refer to: * Chané, an indigenous people of South America * Chané language, an extinct Amerindian * Chañe, a municipality in Spain * Chane, Bhiwandi, a village in Bhiwandi taluka, India * ''Chane'' (mayfly), a genus of insects * Chane Behanan, American basketball player * John Bryson Chane, American bishop See also * * Chanes (other) * Chain (other) A chain is a series of connected links which are typically made of metal. Chain may also refer to: Accessories and apparel * Chain mail, a type of armor made of interlocking chain links * Neck chain (or necklace), a type of jewelry which is wor ... {{disambiguation, geo Language and nationality disambiguation pages ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cayubaba Language
Cayubaba (Cayuvava, Cayuwaba, Kayuvava) is a moribund language of the Bolivian Amazon. The Cayubaba people inhabit the Beni region to the west of the Mamoré River, North of the Santa Ana Yacuma, with a population of 794 inhabitants. Since the declaration of the Supreme Decree N.º 25894 on September 11, 2000, Cayubaba has been one of the official indigenous languages of Bolivia, which was included in the Political Constitution, which was introduced on February 7, 2009. Current situation As shown by Crevels and Muysken (2012), the territory of Cayubaba forms part of a region historically known as Mojos (or Moxos), that covers approximately 200,000 square kilometers of what is currently the Department of Beni. Above all, the Cayubaba focus on traditional farming, growing rice, yucca, corn, bananas, sugar cane, beans, pumpkins, sweet potatoes, etc. They also raised livestock, although on a small scale. The Cayubaba community meets at the Subcentral Indígena Cayubaba, whic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Canichana Language
Canichana, or Canesi, Joaquiniano, is a possible language isolate of Bolivia ( department of Beni). In 1991 there were 500 Canichana people, but only 20 spoke the Canichana language; by 2000 the ethnic population was 583, but the language had no L1 speakers left. It was spoken on the Mamoré River and Machupo River. Language contact Jolkesky (2016) notes that there are lexical similarities with the Mochica language due to contact. Vocabulary Loukotka (1968) lists the following basic vocabulary items for Canichana. : See also *Llanos de Moxos (archaeology) The Llanos (Spanish ''Los Llanos'', "The Plains"; ) is a vast tropical grassland plain situated to the east of the Andes in Colombia and Venezuela, in northwestern South America. It is an ecoregion of the tropical and subtropical grasslands, sa ... References *Alain Fabre, 2005, ''Diccionario etnolingüístico y guía bibliográfica de los pueblos indígenas sudamericanos: KANICHANA'*de Créqui-Montfort, G.; Rivet ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tonocoté Language
Lule is an indigenous language of northern Argentina. Lule may be extinct today. Campbell (1997) writes that in 1981 there was an unconfirmed report that Lule is still spoken by 5 families in Resistencia in east-central Chaco Province. It is unclear if it is the same language as ''Tonocoté''. Varieties Unattested varieties classified by Loukotka (1968) as part of the Lule language cluster. *Tonocoté - once spoken on the Bermejo River near Concepción, Chaco. *Isistiné - once spoken on the Salado River near San Juan de Valbuena, Chaco. *Oristine - once spoken on the Salado River near San Juan de Valbuena, Chaco. *Toquistiné - once spoken on the Salado River near Miraflores. *Matará / Amulahí - once spoken near the city of the same name on the Salado River. *Jurí - extinct language of an agricultural tribe that lived on the Hondo and Salado Rivers, province of Santiago del Estero. The last survivors now speak only a Quechua dialect. Genetic relations Lule appears to b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
