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European Corporate And Foundation Law
European organisational law is a part of European Union law, which concerns the formation, operation and insolvency of public bodies, partnerships, corporations and foundations in the entire European Union. There is no substantive European company law as such, although a host of minimum standards are applicable to companies throughout the European Union. All member states continue to operate separate companies acts, which are amended from time to time to comply with EU Directives and Regulations. There is, however, also the option of businesses to incorporate as a ''Societas Europaea'' (SE), which allows a company to operate across all member states. History There have been, since the European Community was founded in 1957, a series of directives creating minimum standards for business across the European Union. A central aim restated in each Directive is to reduce the barriers to freedom of establishment of businesses in the European Union through a process of harmonising th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
European Union Law
European Union law is a system of rules operating within the member states of the European Union (EU). Since the founding of the European Coal and Steel Community following World War II, the EU has developed the aim to "promote peace, its values and the well-being of its peoples". The EU has political institutions, social and economic policies, which transcend nation states for the purpose of cooperation and human development. According to its Court of Justice the EU represents "a new legal order of international law".''Van Gend en Loos v Nederlandse Administratie der Belastingen'' (1963Case 26/62/ref> The EU's legal foundations are the Treaty on European Union and the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union, currently unanimously agreed on by the governments of 27 member states. New members may join if they agree to follow the rules of the union, and existing states may leave according to their "own constitutional requirements".TEart 50 On the most sophisticated discu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arte
Arte (; (), sometimes stylized in lowercase or uppercase in its logo) is a European public service channel dedicated to culture. It is made up of three separate companies: the Strasbourg-based European Economic Interest Grouping ARTE, plus two member companies acting as editorial and programme production centres, ARTE France in Paris (formerly known as La Sept) and ARTE Deutschland in Baden-Baden (a subsidiary of the two main public German TV networks ARD and ZDF). As an international joint venture (an EEIG), its programmes focus on audiences in both countries. Because of this, the channel has two audio tracks and two subtitle tracks, one each in French and German. 80% of Arte's programming is provided by its French and German subsidiaries, each making half of the programmes. The remainder is provided by the European subsidiary and the channel's European partners. Selected programmes are available with English, Spanish, Polish and Italian subtitles online. In January ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ãœberseering BV V Nordic Construction Company Baumanagement GmbH
''Überseering BV v Nordic Construction Company Baumanagement GmbH'' (2002C-208/00is a European company law case, concerning the right of freedom of establishment. Facts Überseering BV, a Dutch company, was told that because its shares had been all acquired by two German nationals but it had failed to reincorporate under German law, it had no legal identity in Germany and could not, therefore, enforce a contract to develop land in Düsseldorf against Nordic Construction. German law took the view that companies should only be recognised as having legal rights under the law where their "real" seat was. This was Germany (as Überseering was "really" operating there), but it could not have legal standing unless it was first incorporated under German law. Thus, German law did not follow the "incorporation" view, that it would acknowledge legal standing according to a foreign law when a company was incorporated in the Netherlands. Überseering BV argued that this represented a restri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Centros Ltd V Erhversus-og Selkabssyrelsen
''Centros Ltd v Erhvervs- og Selskabsstyrelsen'' (1999C-212/97is a European company law case, concerning the right of freedom of establishment. Facts Centros Ltd, a wine import and export business, was registered in the United Kingdom and applied in Denmark, where it traded, to register there. The Danish authority, Erhvervs- og Selskabsstyrelsen, refused on the basis that the company was attempting to circumvent the Danish requirement for companies to pay up a minimum of share capital. In Denmark this was 200,000 Danish kroner, while in the UK the minimum capital requirement was £1. The Danish registry justified its enforcement of the rule as a way to protect creditors and prevent fraudulent insolvency. Centros Ltd argued that it had the right to be recognised in Denmark under the provisions of freedom of establishment in the EC Treaty, articles 52, 56 and 58. The Danish court referred the matter to the European Court of Justice (ECJ). Judgment The European Court of Justice he ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gebhard V Consiglio Dell'Ordine Degli Avvocati E Procuratori Di Milano
''Gebhard v Consiglio dell'Ordine degli Avvocati e Procuratori di Milano'' (1995C-55/94is an EU law case, concerning the freedom of establishment in the European Union. Facts A German lawyer called Mr Reinhard Gebhard from Stuttgart, lived in Milan, Italy. He called himself an "avvocato" and set up chambers to practice as a lawyer. He was suspended by the Milan Bar Council, because he had not been registered. Italian lawyers complained he used the title of 'avvocato' in his practice with mainly German customers in Milan. Judgment The Court of Justice held that it should be evaluated whether the Italian rules erected an obstacle to freedom of establishment. See also *European Union law European Union law is a system of rules operating within the member states of the European Union (EU). Since the founding of the European Coal and Steel Community following World War II, the EU has developed the aim to "promote peace, its valu ... Notes {{reflist, 2 References * Co ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
European Mutual Society
European, or Europeans, or Europeneans, may refer to: In general * ''European'', an adjective referring to something of, from, or related to Europe ** Ethnic groups in Europe ** Demographics of Europe ** European cuisine, the cuisines of Europe and other Western countries * ''European'', an adjective referring to something of, from, or related to the European Union ** Citizenship of the European Union ** Demographics of the European Union In publishing * ''The European'' (1953 magazine), a far-right cultural and political magazine published 1953–1959 * ''The European'' (newspaper), a British weekly newspaper published 1990–1998 * ''The European'' (2009 magazine), a German magazine first published in September 2009 *''The European Magazine'', a magazine published in London 1782–1826 *''The New European'', a British weekly pop-up newspaper first published in July 2016 Other uses * * Europeans (band), a British post-punk group, from Bristol See also * * * Europe (disam ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Societas Unius Personae
A ''societas unius personae'' (SUP; Latin for "single-person company") is a legal form for a single-member private limited liability company proposed by the European Commission. See also *European corporate law **''Societas Europaea'' **''Societas cooperativa Europaea The European Cooperative Society (SCE, for Latin ) is, in corporate law, a European cooperative type of company, established in 2006 and related to the Societas Europaea (SE). They may be established and may operate throughout the European Econ ...'' **'' Societas privata Europaea'' External links2014 Memo by the Commission{{European corporate forms European Union corporate law ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
European Political Foundation
A European political foundation, formally a political foundation at European level, informally a Eurofoundation, is a Think tank, research and advocacy organization close to, but independent from a Europarty. They are funded by the European Parliament. Their purpose is to act as platforms aiming at developing forward-looking ideas and concepts for their respective political family and providing a forum where those ideas can be widely debated. There are nine Eurofoundations as of 16 March 2009. Timeline 2003 Regulation (EC) No 2004/2003 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 4 November 2003 defined what a Europarty, or ''Europarty, political party at European level'', was and tightened up their regulation. 2007 That regulation was later heavily amended by Regulation (EC) No 1524/2007 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 18 December 2007. That amendment provided for the earlier-floated concept of a Eurofoundation, political foundation at European level, a le ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
