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Eulenburg Affair
The Eulenburg affair, described as "the biggest homosexual scandal ever", was the public controversy surrounding a series of courts-martial and five civil trials regarding accusations of homosexual conduct, and accompanying libel trials, among prominent members of Kaiser Wilhelm II's cabinet and entourage during 1907–1909. The issue centred on Socialist journalist Maximilian Harden's accusations of homosexual conduct between the Kaiser's close friend Philipp, Prince of Eulenburg, and General Kuno, Graf von Moltke. Accusations and counter-accusations quickly multiplied, and the phrase "Liebenberg Round Table" came to be used for the homosexual circle around the Kaiser. The affair received wide publicity and is often considered the biggest domestic scandal of Imperial Germany. It led to one of the first major public discussions of homosexuality in Germany, comparable to the trial of Oscar Wilde in England. Historians have linked the aftermath of the affair to the changes in Germ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Homosexual
Homosexuality is romantic attraction, sexual attraction, or sexual behavior between members of the same sex or gender. As a sexual orientation, homosexuality is "an enduring pattern of emotional, romantic, and/or sexual attractions" to people of the same sex. It "also refers to a person's sense of identity based on those attractions, related behaviors, and membership in a community of others who share those attractions." Along with bisexuality and heterosexuality, homosexuality is one of the three main categories of sexual orientation within the heterosexual–homosexual continuum. Scientists do not yet know the exact cause of sexual orientation, but they theorize that it is caused by a complex interplay of genetic, hormonal, and environmental influences and do not view it as a choice. Although no single theory on the cause of sexual orientation has yet gained widespread support, scientists favor biologically based theories. There is considerably more evidence supportin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Die Zukunft
''Die Zukunft'' ("''The Future''") has been the name of three newspapers. ''Die Zukunft'' was a German social-democratic weekly (1892–1923) founded and edited by Maximilian Harden. It published allegations of homosexuality of Philipp, Prince of Eulenburg, leading to the Eulenburg affair in Wilhelmine Germany. ''Die Zukunft'' was also the name of an exile German language paper, both anti-Nazi and anti- Stalinist in its politics, which was founded in 1938, and was based in Paris and edited by Arthur Koestler and Willi Münzenberg. Olof Aschberg provided the funds for launching this weekly political broadsheet.Sean McMeekin, ''The red millionaire: A political biography of Willi Münzenberg, Moscow’s secret propaganda tsar in the West'', New Haven & London, Yale University Press, 2003. It ceased publication with the Nazi occupation of France in 1940. ''Die Zukunft'' is also a Yiddish magazine published in the United States. Founded in New York in 1892 as an organ of the Sociali ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kuno Graf Von Moltke
Lieutenant General Kuno Augustus Friedrich Karl Detlev Graf von Moltke (13 December 1847 – 19 March 1923), adjutant to Kaiser Wilhelm II and military commander of Berlin, was a principal in the homosexual scandal known as the Harden-Eulenburg Affair (1907) that rocked the Kaiser's entourage. Moltke was forced to leave the military service. Biography In 1896 Moltke, a 'confirmed bachelor' in his early 50s, married Nathalie von Hayden ('Lilly'), a woman more than twenty years his junior. The couple soon became estranged, with Moltke's physician later alleging that Lilly had physically attacked Moltke several times. The couple were eventually divorced in 1902 (the formal divorce proceedings took several years to conclude). The Eulenburg affair In 1907 the journalist Maximilian Harden publicly accused Moltke and Philipp, Prince of Eulenburg of a homosexual relationship. At this time, homosexual acts between men were illegal per Paragraph 175 of the German Criminal Code. Accu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Outing
Outing is the act of disclosing an LGBT person's sexual orientation or gender identity without that person's consent. It is often done for political reasons, either to instrumentalize homophobia in order to discredit political opponents or to combat homophobia and heterosexism by revealing that a prominent or respected individual is homosexual. Examples of outing in history include the Krupp affair, Eulenburg affair, and Röhm scandal. The ethics of outing are highly contested as it can often have a negative effect on the target's personal life or career. Some LGBT activists argue that gay individuals who oppose LGBT rights do not enjoy a right to privacy because of their perceived hypocrisy. In an attempt to pre-empt being outed, an LGBT public figure may decide to come out publicly first, although controlling the conditions under which one's LGBT identity is revealed is only one of numerous motives for coming out. Terminology It is hard to pinpoint the first use of outing in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Americana; A Universal Reference Library, Comprising The Arts And Sciences, Literature, History, Biography, Geography, Commerce, Etc
''The'' () is a grammatical article in English, denoting persons or things already mentioned, under discussion, implied or otherwise presumed familiar to listeners, readers, or speakers. It is the definite article in English. ''The'' is the most frequently used word in the English language; studies and analyses of texts have found it to account for seven percent of all printed English-language words. It is derived from gendered articles in Old English which combined in Middle English and now has a single form used with pronouns of any gender. The word can be used with both singular and plural nouns, and with a noun that starts with any letter. This is different from many other languages, which have different forms of the definite article for different genders or numbers. Pronunciation In most dialects, "the" is pronounced as (with the voiced dental fricative followed by a schwa) when followed by a consonant sound, and as (homophone of pronoun ''thee'') when followed by a v ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Order Of Saint John (Bailiwick Of Brandenburg)
Order, ORDER or Orders may refer to: * Categorization, the process in which ideas and objects are recognized, differentiated, and understood * Heterarchy, a system of organization wherein the elements have the potential to be ranked a number of different ways * Hierarchy, an arrangement of items that are represented as being "above", "below", or "at the same level as" one another * an action or inaction that must be obeyed, mandated by someone in authority People * Orders (surname) Arts, entertainment, and media * ''Order'' (album), a 2009 album by Maroon * "Order", a 2016 song from ''Brand New Maid'' by Band-Maid * ''Orders'' (1974 film), a 1974 film by Michel Brault * ''Orders'', a 2010 film by Brian Christopher * ''Orders'', a 2017 film by Eric Marsh and Andrew Stasiulis * ''Jed & Order'', a 2022 film by Jedman Business * Blanket order, purchase order to allow multiple delivery dates over a period of time * Money order or postal order, a financial instrument usually intende ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Friedrich Heinrich Albrecht
, birth_date = April 15, 1874 , death_date = November 13, 1940 , birth_place = Kamenz, Kingdom of Prussia , death_place = Seidenberg, Nazi Germany , house = Hohenzollern , father = Prince Albert of Prussia , mother = Princess Marie of Saxe-Altenburg , image = Prinz Friedrich Heinrich von Preussen.jpg Prince Friedrich Heinrich Albrecht, Prince of Prussia (German: ''Wilhelm Ernst Alexander Friedrich Heinrich Albrecht Prinz von Preußen''; 15 April 1874 in Hanover – 13 November 1940 in Seidenberg) was a Prussian officer, member of the house of Hohenzollern, and a great-grandson of Friedrich Wilhelm III of Prussia. He was persecuted for being homosexual. Early life Friedrich Heinrich was the oldest son of Prince Albert of Prussia (1837–1906) and his wife Princess Marie of Saxe-Altenburg (1854–1898). He stood over six feet tall. He studied law at Friedrich-Wilhelms University in Bonn. In 1895, he became a member of the frat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Order Of The Black Eagle
The Order of the Black Eagle (german: Hoher Orden vom Schwarzen Adler) was the highest order of chivalry in the Kingdom of Prussia. The order was founded on 17 January 1701 by Elector Friedrich III of Brandenburg (who became Friedrich I, King in Prussia, the following day). In his Dutch exile after World War I, deposed Emperor Wilhelm II continued to award the order to his family. He made his second wife, Princess Hermine Reuss of Greiz, a Lady in the Order of the Black Eagle. Overview The statutes of the order were published on 18 January 1701, and revised in 1847. Membership in the Order of the Black Eagle was limited to a small number of knights, and was divided into two classes: members of reigning houses (further divided into members of the House of Hohenzollern and members of other houses, both German and foreign) and capitular knights. Before 1847, membership was limited to nobles, but after that date, capitular knights who were not nobles were raised to the nobility ( ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wilhelm Graf Von Hohenau
Wilhelm Graf von Hohenau (27 November 1884, Berlin – 11 April 1957, Hamburg) was a German Graf and horse rider who competed in the 1912 Summer Olympics. Early life He was the second son of Count Frederick of Hohenau and his wife, Charlotte von der Decken (1863-1933). Paternally, he was a grandson of Prince Albrecht of Prussia and his morganatic second wife Rosalie von Rauch. This relation made him second cousin of Emperor Wilhelm II. Equestrian He won the bronze medal in the equestrian team jumping event. Furthermore, between 1920 and 1933, he won 227 tournaments throughout Europe. Personal life On 20 May 1916 he married firstly Countess Anna Wanda Sara Ellinor Henckel von Donnersmarck The House of Henckel von Donnersmarck is an old Austro-German noble family that originated in the former region of Spiš in Upper Hungary, now in Slovakia. The founder of the family was Henckel de Quintoforo in the 14/15th century. The original ... (1894-1946), daughter of Count Hugo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lieutenant General
Lieutenant general (Lt Gen, LTG and similar) is a three-star military rank (NATO code OF-8) used in many countries. The rank traces its origins to the Middle Ages, where the title of lieutenant general was held by the second-in-command on the battlefield, who was normally subordinate to a captain general. In modern armies, lieutenant general normally ranks immediately below general and above major general; it is equivalent to the navy rank of vice admiral, and in air forces with a separate rank structure, it is equivalent to air marshal. A lieutenant general commands an army corps, made up of typically three army divisions, and consisting of around 60 000 to 70 000 soldiers (U.S.). The seeming incongruity that a lieutenant general outranks a major general (whereas a major outranks a lieutenant) is due to the derivation of major general from sergeant major general, which was a rank subordinate to lieutenant general (as a lieutenant outranks a sergeant major). In contrast, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gardes Du Corps (Prussia)
The Gardes du Corps (''Regiment der Gardes du Corps'') was the personal bodyguard of the king of Prussia and, after 1871, of the German emperor (in German, the ''Kaiser''). The unit was founded in 1740 by Frederick the Great. Its first commander was Friedrich von Blumenthal, who died unexpectedly in 1745; his brother Hans von Blumenthal, who, with the other officers of the regiment had won the ''Pour le Mérite'' in its first action at the battle of Hohenfriedberg, assumed command in 1747. Hans von Blumenthal was badly wounded leading the regiment in a successful cavalry charge in the battle of Lobositz and had to retire from the military. Initially, the Regiment was used in part as a training unit for officers as part of a programme of expansion of the cavalry. Early officers included the rake and memoirist Friedrich von der Trenck, who described the arduous life of sleep deprivation and physical stress endured by officers, as well as the huge cost of belonging to the unit (the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Switzerland
). Swiss law does not designate a ''capital'' as such, but the federal parliament and government are installed in Bern, while other federal institutions, such as the federal courts, are in other cities (Bellinzona, Lausanne, Luzern, Neuchâtel, St. Gallen a.o.). , coordinates = , largest_city = Zürich , official_languages = , englishmotto = "One for all, all for one" , religion_year = 2020 , religion_ref = , religion = , demonym = , german: Schweizer/Schweizerin, french: Suisse/Suissesse, it, svizzero/svizzera or , rm, Svizzer/Svizra , government_type = Federalism, Federal assembly-independent Directorial system, directorial republic with elements of a direct democracy , leader_title1 = Federal Council (Switzerland), Federal Council , leader_name1 = , leader_title2 = , leader_name2 = Walter Thurnherr , legislature = Fe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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